"We selected ten post-communist countries for this research. Eight of them are located on the Balkan Peninsula, from a geographical point of view. We added Romania and Slovenia for historical reasons. The main aim of research is to provide a model of the media system in each of them. We are interest
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ed in the political, societal, economic and technological situation, journalistic standards and media accountability. The important thing is to know how media systems evolve in each country, under the influence of political institutions and external stakeholders. We examined how political, media, economic and social systems co-work or influence each other and how they affect each other." (Publisher description)
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"The Global Handbook of Media Accountability brings together leading scholars to 'de-Westernize' the academic debate on media accountability and discuss different models of media self-regulation and newsroom transparency around the globe. With examination of the status quo of media accountability in
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forty-four countries worldwide, it offers a theoretically informed, comparative analysis of accountability regimes of different varieties. As such, it constitutes the first interdisciplinary academic framework comparing structures of media accountability across all continents and represents an invaluable basis for further research and policy-making. It will therefore appeal to scholars and students of media studies and journalism, mass communication, sociology and political science, as well as policy-makers and practitioners." (Publisher description)
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"This handbook enables journalism educators worldwide to address one of the challenges of the 21st century – migration and refugee matters. In a set of thirteen modules, journalism educators are provided with a comprehensive curriculum. It covers all aspects needed to train analysis, research, pre
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sentation, marketing, and ethics of migration coverage. The handbook is unique as it comprises results of communication studies as well as political and social sciences. It has been developed by an international and cross-cultural group of media researchers, media educators and media practitioners. Journalism educators will be enabled to jump-start a new curriculum. Journalism students will learn that matters of migration and forced displacement are concerned about human beings and therefore require knowledge and awareness of accurate facts, reliable sources, ethical reporting and good practices. Experienced journalists will benefit from using the volume as a self-learning tool, and media development organizations may adapt the curriculum to their training plans." (Short summary, page III)
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"The Nigerian media scene is notably vibrant, which can be perceived as a democratization of communication and liberalization of the press where anyone with the means to own a media establishment can do so. Thus, the challenge with the Nigerian media is no longer the issue of access but, rather, tha
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t of accountability, which, undoubtedly, is the strong anchor for good media practice. This chapter examines the field of media accountability (MA) in the country, focusing on the structures that define accountability among media practitioners in addition to taking a look at emerging innovative practices that encourage MA. The authors argue that MA exists in Nigeria but is in a continuous struggle with such militating factors as ownership, insufficient press freedom, poor or inadequate remuneration for journalists, a hostile working environment for journalists, lack of formal education/training on the part of some journalists, weak self-regulatory mechanisms, and biases in political and cultural environments. These factors tend to limit the extent to which media practitioners can be committed to accountability." (Abstract)
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"Our analysis shows that the mediated debates about migration in Western and Eastern Europe are more differentiated, and less stereotypical, as often assumed. Indeed, coverage in media outlets in Western Europe feature more positive aspects and speakers compared to the outlets in Central and Eastern
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Europe. However, even in Hungary and Poland – two countries marked by very problematic developments in media policy – the outlets involved in the study offer a complex picture. The migration-critical stance of outlets closely related to the government is contrasted by the complex coverage of independent outlets. The case of Magyar Hírlap may serve as an illustrative example how outlets close to the government – in this case the massive anti-migration campaign of Prime Minister Orbán – ignore professional norms. Indeed, Magyar Hírlap did not include a single migrant or refugee in the total of 301 articles it has published in the study period. The study identifies professional challenges for outlets in other countries. Similar to previous studies, this study shows that migrants and refugees are mostly covered as a large, anonymous group. Rarely are they identified as individuals, and rarely do they speak for themselves. But our study also shows that the majority of articles only vaguely at best indicate context and origin countries of migrants. Neither do they make a clear distinction between refugees with protected status and migrants. Certainly, this remains a challenge, given editorial constraints and incomplete information in everyday practice. However, journalists should strive to make use of the correct definitions especially in countries where governments deliberately use incorrect labels. Taking the very low share of background articles into account as well, media users across Europe may find it hard to come to their own informed conclusions on migrants and refugees." (Discussion, page 48)
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"Wir appellieren an alle in Deutschland tätigen Kommunikationswissenschaftler* innen, also an unsere Scientific community, und besonders an unsere Fachgesellschaft DGPuK, ihre Verantwortung im Bereich der Internationalisierung zu überdenken und den Prozess der „tiefen Internationalisierung“ in
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Forschung, Lehre und Hochschulstrukturen voranzutreiben. Diese Neuorientierung ist nicht nur wissenschaftlich relevant, um die Unterrepräsentation weiter Teile der Welt und innerhalb westlicher Gesellschaften als Desiderata zu beschreiben und bestehende Forschungslücken zu schließen. Sie ist auch gesellschaftlich relevant und wird für die Zukunft von allergrößter Bedeutung sein. Die Erforschung der Welt muss heraus aus der Nische des akademischen Spezialistentums und ins Zentrum wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens gerückt werden. Die Globalisierung der Wissenschaft ist kein abgeschlossener Prozess, sondern eine Jahrhundertaufgabe, zu deren Bewältigung wir alle zur Mitwirkung aufrufen. Die Erforschung von nicht-westlichen Ländern sollte nicht nur in Krisenzeiten als relevant wahrgenommen werden. Insgesamt ist daher nicht nur eine verbesserte strukturelle Absicherung der internationalen Kommunikationswissenschaft an deutschen Hochschulen erforderlich, sondern auch eine Sensibilisierung des Fachs und der deutschen Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft, von der Fachgesellschaft DGPuK bis zu den Herausgeber*innen von in Deutschland erscheinenden Fachzeitschriften und den Verleger*innen von Fachverlagen. Das Fach kann und muss in puncto Internationalisierung besser werden. Und dies nicht nur in quantitativer Hinsicht (durch Konferenzteilnahmen und mehr Publikationen), sondern auch durch die Wertschätzung der globalen Vielfalt inhaltlicher Problemstellungen und intellektueller Denkrichtungen – über die USA und andere englischsprachige Länder hinaus. Die internationale Kommunikationsforschung sollte mehr als nur ein Nebenschauplatz der Kommunikationswissenschaft sein, denn nur so vermag sie, zentrale Annahmen über Medien und Kommunikationsprozesse, die wir seit langem für selbstverständlich gehalten haben, in Frage zu stellen." (Fazit und Ausblick, Seite 302)
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"In the past decade, academic and professional debates about media accountability have spread around the globe – but have done so in a fundamentally different framework. In many Western democracies, trust in media – along with trust in politics and trust in institutions – as eroded dramaticall
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y. Fundamental shifts regarding the patterns of media use and the structure of media and revenue markets have made media and journalism more exposed to criticism from various stakeholders, and more vulnerable to the strategic influence of national and international actors. While many “Western” media professionals have reacted to these challenges to its credibility by new initiatives to demonstrate accountability and transparency, policy makers in other countries even in the “Global North” have tightened their grip on independent media and gradually weakened the concept of self-control. At the same time, an ongoing democratization in many parts of the world, along with a de-regulation of media markets, has created a growing demand for self-regulation and media accountability in countries formerly characterized by rigid press control." (Summary)
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"Do existing structures of media accountability - such as press councils, codes of ethics, and ombudspersons - suffice, or do we urgently need new instruments and initiatives in today's converging media world? These questions were tackled in an international survey of 1,800 journalists in twelve Eur
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opean and two Arab states conducted by the EU-funded research project, «Media Accountability and Transparency in Europe» (MediaAcT). The results provide a solid empirical basis for the discussions taking place. This book advances research on media accountability and transparency, and also offers innovative perspectives for newsrooms, media policy-makers, and journalism educators." (Back cover)
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"Der zweitgrößte Kontinent mit seinen mehr als 50 Staaten und über einer Milliarde Menschen wird in den Medien oft pauschal gesehen. Regionale Krisensymptome werden auf ganz Afrika übertragen, die kulturelle Vielfalt und ökonomische Entwicklungen finden zu wenig Beachtung. Der vorliegende Band
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zeigt verzerrte Sichtweisen auf und plädiert für eine differenzierte Betrachtung der Probleme wie auch der Chancen zwischen Kairo und Kapstadt – eben in “Afrika 3.0” jenseits von Stereotypen. Journalisten und Kommunikationswissenschaftler, Politologen und Politiker, Ethnologen und Künstler werfen Schlaglichter auf das Afrikabild deutscher Medien, auf die Möglichkeiten alternativer Medien in der Afrikaberichterstattung, auf journalistische Arbeitsmöglichkeiten in Afrika selbst, auf das Zusammenspiel von Medien und Hilfsorganisationen und anderes mehr. Dokumentiert wird damit eine Tagung, die im Juni 2013 aus Anlass des 15. Geburtstages der Magazin Africa Positive in Dortmund stattgefunden hat." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"The rise of digital and social media necessitates a new way of considering the ethical questions facing practicing journalists. This volume considers the various individual, cultural and institutional influences that have an impact on journalistic ethics today. It also examines the links between et
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hics and professionalism, the organisational promotion of ethical values and the tensions between ethics, freedom of information and speech, and the need to disseminate information. By comparing the theoretical underpinnings of journalistic ethics with a variety of international case studies, this volume provides a comparative global analysis of the ethical challenges faced by the media in the twenty-first century." (Publisher description)
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"Media scholars and students, professionals and policy-makers alike will be introduced to the specific problems and perspectives of media accountability in different media systems and journalistic cultures. The status quo of media criticism online across Europe will be a key issue and provide insigh
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ts into the innovative potential of media accountability in the digital age. Looked at from a comparative point of view, the reports hint at the formation of different cultures of media accountability within Europe and its adjacent countries. These media accountability cultures partly overlap with the journalism cultures identified in the well-known model by Hallin & Mancini who differentiate between North Atlantic or Liberal, Mediterranean or Polarised Pluralist, and Northern European or Democratic Corporatist media systems. At the same time, the development of media accountability and transparency shows distinctive features incongruent with established models of journalism cultures." (Back cover)
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"Despite the growing importance of media assistance, recent developments in this field have gone largely unnoticed by journalism and mass communication studies. Therefore, this paper will analyze the status quo of international media assistance and provide a literature review. Authors engage in theo
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rybuilding by suggesting an economic theory of journalism to explain impact problems of media assistance projects, and they will present data from an empirical study currently being conducted. The study uses quantitative and qualitative methods to survey 600 media professionals from developing and transition countries, to provide first time data on the impact of media assistance programs on the attitudes and characteristics of journalists, the organizational influences of media assistance, and the function of journalism in societies of developing countries." (Abstract)
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"Ziel der hier vorgelegten Studie ist es, analog der Vorgaben des PriME-Handbuchs 2008 von InWEnt, gemäß der Kriterien für Evaluation von Entwicklungszusammenarbeit nach OECD-DAC, unter Rückgriff auf angelsächsische Modelle für PM+E im Bereich der Medienentwicklungszusammenarbeit sowie unter R
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ückgriff auf die kommunikationswissenschaftliche Literatur ein Konzept für künftige systematische Evaluierungen der mittelfristigen Wirkungen des IIJ-Programms zu entwickeln, das über die Evaluierung unmittelbar nach Ende der Weiterbildungsmaßnahme hinausgeht. Mit Blick auf die bereits vom IIJ formulierten Programmziele zu prüfen ist der Erfolg von Capacity-Building-Maßnahmen auf Ebene der individuellen Akteure (Journalisten), auf Ebene von Organisationen (Redaktionen) sowie auf Systemebene. Hierzu wird eine Methodenkombination (Triangulation) empfohlen, die aufeinander aufbauend sowohl mit quantitativen als auch mit qualitativen Methoden arbeitet und außer der Ebene der Akteure (Journalisten) insbesondere die Ebene der Organisationen (Redaktionen) einbezieht. Um einen ökonomischen Umgang mit Ressourcen sicherzustellen, wird grundsätzlich empfohlen, mit Online-Befragungen zu arbeiten und ergänzend Telefon-Befragungen sowie fallweise vor Ort Face-to-Face-Interviews durchzuführen. Im Rahmen der Studie werden folgende PM+E-Tools für das IIJ entwickelt: Fragebogen für die Online-Befragung der Alumni (quantitativ), Fragebogen für die ergänzende Online-Befragung von Referenzpersonen der Alumni (quantitativ), Leitfaden für telefonische Interviews mit Alumni/Experten in den Zielländern (qualitativ), Leitfaden für Face-to-Face-Interviews mit lokalen Partnern (qualitativ). Der Fragebogen für die Online-Befragung als zentrales PM+E-Tool wurde erfolgreich einem Pre-Test unterzogen. Die Studie schließt mit einem Analyseraster für die Auswertung von im Rahmen von PM+E-Maßnahmen gewonnenen Daten, um gemäß der PriME-Qualitätsschleife institutionelles Lernen zu ermöglichen." (Zusammenfassung, Seite 6)
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