"The publication is focused on the ways fake news, disinformation, misinformation and hateful statements are spread across society, predominantly within the online environment. Its main ambition is to offer an interdisciplinary body of scholarly knowledge on fake news, disinformation and propaganda
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in relation to today's journalism, social development, political situation and cultural affairs happening all around the world." (Publisher description)
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"Este texto busca analisar a práxis religiosa digital da Igreja Católica no Brasil, isto é, as práticas católicas brasileiras no ambiente digital e as reflexões eclesiais sobre tal processo, ao longo da pandemia do coronavírus. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo de caso sobre o site da Conferê
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ncia Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil (CNBB), instância máxima do catolicismo no país. Foram analisados 82 textos, entre notícias, entrevistas, documentos e artigos de opinião publicados entre março e dezembro de 2020, referentes às reflexões e às práticas católicas no e sobre o ambiente digital durante a pandemia. Este artigo, primeiramente, descreve as diversas práticas religiosas digitais que foram surgindo a partir do “confinamento litúrgico” provocado pela pandemia. Em seguida, analisa-se a reflexão feita por autoridades da Igreja sobre tais práticas. Diante das limitações e potencialidades da internet levantadas nessa descrição indiciária da práxis católica digital, fazem-se algumas inferências sobre o deslocamento espaço-temporal das práticas religiosas para o ambiente digital devido a um processo de ubiquização e sobre a ressignificação das noções de presença e participação em rede, tecendo-se críticas à perspectiva de uma suposta “virtualização da fé”. Com isso, conclui-se que a pandemia evidenciou que a práxis religiosa contemporânea emerge a partir de um processo de reconexão entre o humano, o digital e o sagrado, como no caso da formação e da articulação de comunidades eclesiais digitais." (Resumo)
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"This article investigates how the churches in Paraguay have used multiple mass media as evangelization instruments and which churches dominate the mass media in 2010–2012, following the growth explosions of Pentecostalism in the 1980s–1990s and especially after 2002. Church uses of the printed
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media (books, magazines and newspapers), radio, television, and internet in Paraguay are all analyzed. Pentecostal and Protestant church leaders used radio, television, and internet to successfully brand their church, and to a limited extent attract and socialize new followers. Hardly any believers intensively follow religion in the mass media to replace going to church. The article concludes that rather than a Pentecostalization, a Mennonitization of the mass media is occurring in Paraguay, driven by the Mennonite groups’ economic power and their ethnic-religious solidarity." (Abstract)
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"Social media technology is having a dramatic impact on social and political dynamics around the world. The contributors to this book document and illustrate this "techtonic" shift on violent conflict and democratic processes. They present vivid examples and case studies from countries in Africa, So
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uth and Southeast Asia, Latin America as well as Northern Ireland. Each author maps an array of peacebuilding solutions to social media threats, including coordinated action by civil society, governments and tech companies to protect human minds, relationships and institutions. Solutions presented include inoculating society with a new digital literacy agenda, designing technology for positive social impacts, and regulating technology to prohibit the worst behaviours." (Publisher description)
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"This book presents the perspectives of some of the main players, both academics and professionals, in communication for sustainable development and social change so as to provide valuable lessons for future generations of change agents. It places emphasis on both the theoretical foundation and prac
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tical applications and ethical concerns in communication for development and social change. Most of the available historical accounts in development communications make a distinction between the modernization paradigm, the dependency paradigm and the multiplicity or participatory paradigm. These historical accounts have been dominated by framing developments within these paradigms, as the logical offspring of the Western drive to develop the world after colonization and the Second World War. The subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union in the late eighties, together with the rise of the U.S. as the only remaining 'superpower,' the emergence of the European Union and China, the gradual coming to the fore of regional powers, such as the BRICS countries, and the recent meltdown of the world financial system has rendered disastrous consequences for people everywhere. (Publisher description)
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"Colombia’s history of violence and armed conflict has eroded people’s trust in each other and trust, which ranks low among the components that Colombians consider important for reconciliation, is difficult to restore during the course of a project. Still, the Program of Alliances for Reconcilia
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tion (PAR) has achieved changes in perception that represent an important component in changing mindset that could eventually extend through the communities where participants live and work. Though implementers recognized positive effects on perceptions of reconciliation among participants, these further effects in communities may only be visible among non-participant indirect beneficiaries. Similarly, though PAR participants overwhelmingly reported positive effects of PAR participation on their behavior and some drivers of reconciliation, examples were limited to their personal thoughts and actions and not those of their communities. Without a baseline for comparison, the degree of shifts in attitudes and behaviors cannot be determined, but indications of changes in attitude paired with reporting of ongoing participation and continued use of skills indicate participants remain changed, at least in the short term, by their participation in PAR activities. DecidoSer workshops and the Ambassadors for Reconciliation initiatives are successful tools that provide the opportunity to identify lessons learned and good practices in the management of community changes beyond individual changes. DecidoSer is valuable not just for participants, but implementers (who are themselves members of communities whose contributions to reconciliation are worthwhile and necessary) as well, and the changes in trust and dialogue that contributed to improved business practices are a positive (and perhaps unexpected) result. Respondents generally saw the conceptual benefits of both DecidoSer and Ambassadors for Reconciliation for sustainability of reconciliation, though without specific evidence for believing this, or enough time to demonstrate it. Contrary to the notion that multi-sectoral relationships within a community might contribute to sustainability, the evaluation team did not find evidence of a correlation between PAR’s activities in a community and long-term engagement with other community actors." (Conclusions, page 28)
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"La vida, obra y legado del “obispo de los indios”, como hemos visto en los diferentes capítulos del libro, es un referente que se nos ofrece siempre actual; no es el volver sobre lo mismo, sobre lo sabido, es, en cada momento, la oportunidad de descubrir y redescubrir las intuiciones de quien,
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fiel al evangelio, a la Iglesia y a los pobres, nos sigue acompañando en nuestro caminar y en nuestra opción de la misma forma en que lo hiciera aquel caminante encontradizo con los tristes y decepcionados hombres que regresaban por el camino de Emaús. Las contribuciones a este libro nos revelan unas actitudes y prácticas, que siempre serán bienvenidas a la hora de acercarnos a ese pueblo, que se nos presenta de manera tan diversa para escucharlo e intentar, al menos, hacer nuestras sus dolencias y frustraciones. Pudimos observar, asimismo, a un hombre de fe y mucho amor, que fue capaz de desatar procesos que otros ni siquiera hubieran imaginado a nivel eclesial, social, organizativo y comunitario." (Conclusión general, página 210)
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"This report provides an overview of trends and developments in ICT infrastructure, access and use in the Americas region, which includes 35 Member States and is home to a population of 1 billion people. The report highlights changes in ICT adoption since the last World Telecommunication Development
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Conference in 2017 (WTDC-17) and during the COVID-19 pandemic, tracks the evolution of regulation, and reviews progress and challenges in implementing the ITU regional initiatives for the Americas region. Its objective is to serve as a reference for the ITU membership in reviewing progress and identifying ICT development priorities in the Americas region." (Abstract)
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"This report provides an overview of the comparative innovation capacity of the Americas region through ICT-centric innovation policy monitors and insights on how good practice can strengthen capacity to integrate ICT innovation into national development agendas.
Overall, the Americas region has sho
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wn divergent scenarios in reaching the full potential of the innovation ecosystem. Few countries have a traditionally strong innovation system, and most performances in one or all three engines of growth must improve for the region to become a real actor on the global stage. Canada and the United States of America perform well, while emerging economies such as Argentina, Brazil or Mexico are struggling on the technological, entrepreneurial or innovation ecosystems, and others such as Haiti need further support to turn the country into a thriving digital innovation ecosystem.
To understand these discrepancies, the report introduces two ICT centric innovation monitors: the three engines of growth monitor and the digital transformation enablers monitor.
The report notes that there are many good practices in the region fuelling the entrepreneurial journey. Each practice presented in the report was analysed based on its impact in a third ICT-centric innovation policy monitor, the ecosystem maturity map monitor. Each stakeholder group, at each of the five stages of the entrepreneurial journey, is assessed by its level of engagement to assess the maturity of the ecosystem. For example, the first stage of the journey for entrepreneurs is entrepreneurial interest, while for the public sector, it is having a vision and strategy. The monitor enables stakeholders to visualize the maturity of the ICT-centric innovation ecosystem and identify which practices to keep, which must be improved and which to replace." (Introduction)
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"En este texto nos preguntamos, en concreto, por los efectos de la desigualdad económica en el acceso a las tecnologías digitales, en especial a Internet y, por ende, a los derechos que se ejercen a través suyo. También nos preguntamos por la caracterización jurídica del acceso a Internet, tan
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to en el plano internacional de los derechos humanos como en el plano local del derecho constitucional, y por la relación que pueda existir entre esta caracterización jurídica y su potencialidad para reducir las desigualdades. En el contexto de la sociedad de la información, el estudio de la desigualdad económica nos conduce a precisar las diferencias en función de las condiciones del acceso efectivo a las tecnologías digitales, en concreto a Internet, su gran e indiscutible protagonista. El acceso a Internet visto y entendido como el medio para acceder a bienes y servicios, para el ejercicio de los derechos humanos, para la realización de actividades significativas, para aumentar la productividad y —en general— para concretar las promesas del desarrollo y de la participación efectiva en el progreso científico y sus beneficios. Este texto busca realizar una aproximación teórica al problema de las desigualdades en el acceso a Internet desde dos miradas. Por un lado, desde la idea de la brecha digital y, por otro, desde la búsqueda de la (mejor) caracterización jurídica del acceso a Internet, que pueda, en tal contexto, servir de herramienta en la toma de decisiones orientadas a la reducción de las desigualdades y al cierre de la brecha digital." (Introducción, página 25-26)
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"The policy brief we hereby present to the Brazilian National Telecommunications Agency (Anatel) includes recommendations and specific proposals to enable community networks in Brazil, considering extensive research in both the global and Brazilian context, the state of the art of these small, not-f
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or-profit players and the findings and experiences of 32 interviewees all related in some capacity to Brazilian community networks: internet access, spectrum management, the digital divide or research on information and communications technology (ICT) projects. We hereby summarise the priority areas that need to be addressed and the recommendations to reduce barriers and unlock the potential of Brazilian community networks." (Executive summary)
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"Las emisoras comunitarias y escolares están dedicadas a sembrar paz. Ellas son la voz de las comunidades y de las víctimas y, al mismo tiempo, llevan mensajes de paz, conviviencia y reconciliación a todos los rincones. Apyoarlas y fortalecerlas es una contribución invaluable a la paz. Ese es el
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propósito de esta cartilla." (Prólogo, página 3)
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"En el Perú al igual que en muchos otros países, la principal medida para mitigar el avance de la pandemia de Covid-19 fue el confinamiento social y la inmovilización obligatoria, acciones que llevaron al cierre temporal de diversos sectores, causando una crisis económica cuan cada en una caíd
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a aproximada de 11.5% del PBI respecto al año 2019. En concordancia con esto, las empresas postergaron el lanzamiento de sus campañas y re raron gran parte de los presupuestos asignados a la publicidad, como resultado de esto, la inversión publicitaria para el 2020 llegó a los US$ 442 millones, 24.2% menos que año anterior, en el cual la inversión alcanzó los US$ 583 millones." (Página 1)
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"[...] En este número leemos relatos de personas de varios países de América Latina que encontraron en Freire y sus obras inspiración para su trabajo en las áreas de educación, derechos humanos, investigación y comunicación. Descubrimos en Freire un referente intelectual, pero también pers
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onal, por una postura que combina crítica, posicionamiento político y una acogida generosa y confiada a todas las personas. Para Freire, cada ser humano tiene un conocimiento único que complementa el conocimiento de todos sus pares; por tanto, sólo el horizonte de la colectividad, fundada en el respeto a la igualdad en la diversidad, lleva a la verdadera liberación. Hablando sobre el papel de la Iglesia católica en este proceso, valorando su perspectiva profética, dijo: “Sabe igualmente que no existe ‘yo soy’, ‘yo sé’, ‘yo me libero’, yo ‘me salvo’; como no existe “yo te doy conocimientos”, “yo te libero”, “yo te salvo”; al contrario, “somos”, “sabemos”, “nos liberamos”, “nos salvamos.” (Nota editorial, page 3)
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"El hallazgo más importante de este estudio no tiene que ver con el uso del lenguaje cuando se habla de la migración, sino con la representación del venezolano en los medios nacionales. Se trata, pues, de un estudio pionero que prueba la criminalización de las personas venezolanas en los medios
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de comunicación, ya que la delincuencia es el tema principal con el que se los asocia: el 70% (televisión) y el 80% (diarios populares) de todas las notas que se referían a venezolanos y venezolanas trataban de temas policiales y de crimen. En estas notas, los ciudadanos venezolanos cumplían el rol de victimario en un 65% y en un 15%, el de infractor de la ley. Esto significa que en cuatro de cinco notas o reportajes en las que un lector o televidente en el Perú lee o escucha de una persona venezolana, es porque se la relaciona con un tema de delincuencia, muchas veces violenta. Esto genera en el lector o televidente la impresión de que la migración y las personas migrantes están asociadas con un supuesto incremento de la inseguridad ciudadana. Así el 86,3% de los encuestados opinó que la migración venezolana había contribuido a la inseguridad ciudadana en el Perú. La asociación de la persona migrante con la delincuencia produce, además, distancia, temor o hasta rechazo para con los migrantes. Por su parte, en las personas venezolanas genera un estigma que les dificulta la inserción en la sociedad." (Conclusiones, página 97)
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"This article summarizes the development of education and research in Communication Studies in Brazil. It is argued that different factors contributed to the development of the particular features that Brazilian Communication Studies present nowadays. They include: the late development of Brazilian
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universities, in comparison to the western societies, but also to other Latin American countries; the relatively early development of Communication programs, beginning from the late 1940s, following the example of the United States; state interventionism in the universities’ curricula, and the influence exerted by other non-academic social actors, such as journalists’ unions. As the result of the influence of these factors, Communication Studies organized according to two entirely different logics: undergraduate studies focus on specialized professional fields (such as Journalism, Advertising, Public Relations, Cinema) and adopt a practical approach with respect to them; otherwise, graduate studies employ a much more general and academic approach focusing on Communication as a whole. The article also discusses the challenges faced by Communication Studies at present, resulting both from the changes in the media landscape and a hostile political scenario, associated with the rise of Jair Bolsonaro, an ultra-rightist politician who openly disdains science (and human sciences in particular)." (Abstract)
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