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Topics
Media Law & Regulation
27
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
24
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
19
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
15
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
14
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
13
Media & Communication Policies
12
Online News
10
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
10
Audiences & Users
9
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
8
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
8
Internet
8
Political Transition and Media
8
Advertising Markets & Industries
7
Romani People
7
Television Landscapes
7
Media Outlets, Media Associations
7
Radio
7
Television
7
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
6
Economics of Media
6
Democracy / Democratization and Media
6
Newspapers
6
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
5
Financing Digital / Online Media
5
Media Markets
5
Media Ownership
5
International Communication
5
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
5
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
5
News Agencies
5
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
5
Press Landscapes
5
Radio Landscapes
5
Magazines
5
Television Channels
5
Television Programmes & Genres
5
Advertising
4
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
4
Media Use, Media Consumption
4
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
4
Film Industries
4
Media / Communication Control
4
Censorship
4
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
4
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
4
ICT Regulation
4
Ethics in Media & Communication
4
Defamation Law & Regulation
4
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
4
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
4
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
4
Politics and Media
4
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
4
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
3
Films
3
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
3
Holocaust
3
Social Media in Political Communication
3
ICT Industries & Markets
3
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
3
Media Industries
3
Television Markets
3
Educational Television
3
Self-Regulation of Media
3
Journalism
3
Investigative Journalism
3
Local News
3
Media, Mass Media
3
Television Law & Regulation
3
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
3
Broadcasting Companies
3
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
3
Political Communication
3
Propaganda
3
Public & State Television
3
Civil Society
3
Digital Television
3
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
2
Mobile Phone Use
2
Samizdat
2
Catholic Church
2
Catholic Press
2
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
2
Television Programme & Format Trade
2
Freedom of Expression
2
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
2
Self-Censorship
2
Press Releases & Press Conferences
2
Alternative Communication & Media
2
Community Radios
2
Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
2
Storytelling
2
Dealing With the Past
2
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
2
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
2
Online Services
2
Facebook
2
Twitter & Microblogs
2
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
2
ICT Indicators
2
Ethnic Press, Minority Press
2
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
2
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
2
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
2
Media Concentration
2
Radio Markets
2
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
2
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
2
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
2
Journalism Ethics
2
Bias in News Media
2
Press Councils
2
Female Journalists & Media Workers
2
Good Practice Examples
2
History of Media & Communication
2
Foreign Television Programmes
2
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
2
Satellite Television
2
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
2
Journalists
2
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
2
Local Journalism
2
Election Reporting
2
Political Reporting
2
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
2
Media Assistance
2
Media & Information Literacy
2
Media Management
2
Radio Music
2
Populism
2
Political Transition
2
Election Campaigns: Social Media
2
Influence of Media on Politics
2
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
2
Public Service Broadcasting
2
Public & State Radios
2
Satellite Radios
2
University Radios
2
COVID-19 Pandemic & Religion
2
Islamophobia
2
Judaism and Communication
2
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
2
Television Transmitters
2
Telecommunication Infrastructure
2
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
2
Adblocking
1
Advocacy & Political Films
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
1
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Media Use: Entertainment
1
Media Use: Foreign / International Media
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Book Aid, Book Publishing Assistance, Book Donations
1
Book Publishing
1
Children's Books & Literature
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Youth Literature & Books
1
Election Campaigns
1
Catechists & Pastoral Agents
1
Catholic Digital Media Presence & Online Communities
1
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
1
Catholic Radios
1
Faith-Based Film Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
Faith-Based Media Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Media Literacy: Children
1
Puppetry
1
Lutheran Churches
1
Christian Social Media Presence & Online Communities
1
Digital & Social Media Pastoral
1
Holy Mass Transmission: Television & Social Media
1
Digital Theologies
1
Cinema
1
Film Distribution
1
War & Political Violence in Cinema
1
Film Markets
1
Film Promotion
1
History of Film & Cinema
1
National Cinemas, National Film Production
1
Transnational Film Co-Productions
1
Videos
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Digital Rights
1
Editorial Independence
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
State Influence on the Media
1
Communication Strategies
1
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
1
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
1
Alternative Press
1
Alternative Radios
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Community Informatics
1
Community Media
1
Street Papers
1
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
1
Community Radio Training Methods & Training of Trainers
1
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
1
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
1
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
1
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
1
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
1
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
1
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
1
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
1
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
1
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
1
War Reporting
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
1
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
1
Creative & Cultural Industries
1
Cultural Diversity
1
National Character
1
Democracy Assistance
1
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Media Landscapes
1
Digital & Information Literacy
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Internet Markets
1
Podcasts
1
TikTok
1
Instagram
1
YouTube
1
WhatsApp
1
News Websites & Portals
1
AI in Journalism & Media
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
Mobile Phone Markets
1
Ethnic Radios, Minority Radios
1
German-Language Media Abroad
1
Minority Rights
1
Trust Building in Health & Emergency Communication
1
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
1
Gendered Disinformation
1
Government-Sponsored Disinformation
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Television Industries
1
Competition, Competition Analysis
1
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
1
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
1
Video Markets
1
Media Marketing, Branding & Promotion
1
Video on Demand
1
Economy
1
Economic Conditions
1
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
1
Foreign Investments
1
Adult Education
1
Educational Radio Programmes
1
Schools
1
Nonformal Education
1
Gaming, Video Games
1
Environmental Organizations
1
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
1
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Women's Organizations
1
Events
1
Innovations
1
COVID-19 Communication
1
HIV / AIDS Communication
1
Cold War (1947-1991)
1
History of Radio
1
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
1
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Foreign ICT & Telecommunication Investments & Ownership
1
International News Flow
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
1
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
China: Foreign Policy, Foreign Investments, Development Assistance
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Financing Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Investigative Journalism
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Journalism Education Curricula
1
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Reception
1
Television News
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Religious Journalism, Religion News
1
Abbreviations
1
Linguistic Diversity
1
Local Communication & Media
1
Local Television
1
Communication Systems
1
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
1
Media Literacy: Producing Participatory Videos
1
Media Literacy: Secondary Education
1
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Socialist Media Systems
1
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
1
Licensing of Media
1
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Religious Freedom
1
Financing Media: Customer Payments, Subscription Models, User-Based Financing
1
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
1
Financing Press & Print Media
1
Financing Public Service Media
1
Crowdfunding
1
Radio Free Europe
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Migrants
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Selfies, Self-Portrait Photographs
1
Government Policies
1
Right-Wing Extremism
1
Political Resistance
1
Political Systems
1
Democracy
1
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Public Opinion
1
Public Spheres
1
Watchdog Role of the Media
1
Press
1
Co-Production
1
Public Media, State Media
1
Radio Programmes & Genres
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Radio Stations
1
Media Effects
1
Manipulation
1
Islamism
1
Jewish Media
1
Religion and Society
1
Religious Change
1
Religious Practice
1
Disappeared People, Missing People
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Social Sciences Research
1
Dalits
1
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
1
Informatics
1
Intranet
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Telecommunications
1
Mobile Phone Apps
1
Commercial Television
1
Regional Television
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Visual Communication
1
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
1
Youth & Digital Media
1
Youth Films & Videos
1
Youth Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type

Newsreel: New Skills for the Next Generation of Journalists. Research Report

Erich Brost Institute for International Journalism (EBI);University of Pécs (PTE), Institute for Communication and Media Studies;ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL);University of Bucharest (UB), Faculty of Journalism and Communication Studies (FJSC) (2018), 106 pp.
"The digitalisation has significantly changed the dynamics of journalism and the job of journalists. Journalism education should stay abreast of these changes. Against this background, we have analysed how academic journalism education in Germany, Hungary, Portugal and Romania teaches new skills nee ... more

An Illiberal Model of Media Markets: Soft Censorship 2017

Budapest: Mérték Media Monitor (2018), 57 pp.
"The main goal of the 2017 Soft Censorship report is to show how massively uneven the playing field has become for the various players. What remains at this point is only seemingly a market, in reality the enterprises with ties to the government operate in a whole different framework and logic than ... more

Online Supplement to Working Paper 2018.1. Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation

Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute;Computational Propaganda Research Project (2018), 81 pp.
"These are the background case notes complied for MEMO 2018.1: Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation. For details on the methods behind this content analysis please see the methodology section of the report. This document contains data from over 500 s ... more
"This book examines small cinemas and their presentation of society in times of crisis and conflict from an interdisciplinary and intercultural point of view. The authors concentrate on economic, social and political challenges and point to new phenomena which have been exposed by film directors. Th ... more
"This book surveys current developments in social media and politics in a range of Central and Eastern European countries, including Ukraine and Russia. It explores the process of adoption of social media by politicians, journalists and civic activists, examines the impact of the different social an ... more

Digital News Report 2018

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2018), 143 pp.
"The use of social media for news has started to fall in a number of key markets after years of continuous growth. Usage is down six percentage points in the United States, and is also down in the UK and France. Almost all of this is due to a specific decline in the discovery, posting, and sharing o ... more
"Publics around the world overwhelmingly agree that the news media should be unbiased in their coverage of political issues, according to a new Pew Research Center survey of 38 countries. Yet, when asked how their news media are doing on reporting different political issues fairly, people are far mo ... more
"Governments around the world have dramatically increased their efforts to manipulate information on social media over the past year. The Chinese and Russian regimes pioneered the use of surreptitious methods to distort online discussions and suppress dissent more than a decade ago, but the practice ... more

Journalists in Hungary

Worlds of Journalism Study (2017), 7 pp.
"With regards to professional role orientations, Hungarian journalists found it most important to report things as they are, to be a detached observer, and to provide analysis of current affairs (see Table 1). The relevance of these “classic” roles was fairly undisputed among the interviewed jou ... more

How Does the Media on Both Sides of the Mediterranean Report on Migration? A Study by Journalists, for Journalists and Policy-Makers

Vienna et al.: International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD);Ethical Journalism Network (EJN);European Union (2017), 120 pp.
"Journalists from 17 countries, mostly around the Mediterranean, have examined the quality of media coverage within their respective national contexts. They highlight examples of good work marked by careful, sensitive and humanitarian reporting and also expose the shortcomings as well as the darker ... more

Defamation and Insult Laws in the OSCE Region: A Comparative Study

Barbara Trionfi (ed.)
Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2017), 267 pp.
"This study examines the existence of criminal defamation and insult laws in the territory of the 57 participating States of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). In doing so, it offers a broad, comparative overview of the compliance of OSCE participating States’ legislat ... more

Digital News Report 2017

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2017), 133 pp.
"The report is based on a survey of more than 70,000 people in 36 markets, along with additional qualitative research, which together make it the most comprehensive ongoing comparative study of news consumption in the world. A key focus remains in Europe where we have added Slovakia, Croatia, and Ro ... more
"This report identifies eight basic types of harassment present in Hungary: rhetorical aggression; trolling; bullying; threats; public shaming; violation of personal privacy; cyber attacks and site hacking; and malicious social media activity. The study found that the most common types of online har ... more
"The present study examines current legislation and court practice in Hungary regarding civil law violations of rights to reputation, privacy and likeness, with a particular focus on trends in terms of awarding non-pecuniary damages/restitution. Through an analysis of relevant legislation and a pres ... more
"This article analyses three crowdfunded media organizations in three different countries – Krautreporter (Germany), Direkt36 (Hungary), and Colta (Russia). Using qualitative in-depth interviews, it demonstrates that journalism practices in a crowdfunded newsroom are very different from those in o ... more
"Journalists in many countries are experimenting with how to build trust and engage with audiences, and our report examines their efforts. In our study we profile organizations that are working to build bridges with their readers, viewers and listeners and deliver relevant news to local audiences. W ... more
"In recent years, more and more social media (Facebook) groups have been created dealing with memories of the Holocaust in Hungary. In this article, I analyze and compare two groups, “The Holocaust and My Family” and “The Descendants of the Victims and Survivors of the Holocaust” in the fram ... more
"The media and political systems of former communist countries in Central/Eastern Europe share a number of similarities with those in Southern Europe. According to Karol Jakubowicz, these similarities also include late democratisation, a weak middle class, marked social and economic differences, a s ... more

Journalism and Media Privilege

Strasbourg: European Audiovisual Observatory;Council of Europe (2017), 106 pp.
"The report provides an overview of the most recent rules, case law and policies across Europe with regard to the privileges that are given to journalists when exercising their activities. As a rule, when identifying the relevant legal aspects, three features are taken into account: the correspondin ... more