"Education in the Global South faces several key interrelated challenges, for which Open Educational Resources (OER) are seen to be part of the solution. These challenges include: unequal access to education; variable quality of educational resources, teaching, and student performance; and increasin
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g cost and concern about the sustainability of education. The Research on Open Educational Resources for Development (ROER4D) project seeks to build on and contribute to the body of research on how OER can help to improve access, enhance quality and reduce the cost of education in the Global South. This volume examines aspects of educator and student adoption of OER and engagement in Open Educational Practices (OEP) in secondary and tertiary education as well as teacher professional development in 21 countries in South America, Sub-Saharan Africa and South and Southeast Asia. The ROER4D studies and syntheses presented here aim to help inform Open Education advocacy, policy, practice and research in developing countries." (Publisher description)
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"Este estudio es el primer estudio exhaustivo sobre el impacto que tienen emprendedores de medios digitales, los riesgos a los que se enfrentan, y si ha surgido un modelo de negocio viable para el periodismo digital independiente y de calidad. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, SembraMedia, con
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el apoyo de Omidyar Network, conformó un equipo para estudiar 100 medios digitales de Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y México, 25 de cada país. Muchos de los investigadores eran emprendedores periodísticos, por lo que trajeron sus propias conexiones y una comprensión profunda de los medios en sus países. En entrevistas de dos horas a fundadores o directores, hicieron más de 130 preguntas sobre gestión, innovación, desafíos, oportunidades, tamaño y participación de la audiencia, e ingresos y gastos. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo ayudar a los fundadores de empresas de medios digitales a comprender mejor las tendencias, las amenazas y las mejores prácticas que los afectan. A su vez, diseñamos este informe para ayudar a los inversores, fundaciones y organizaciones periodísticas a apreciar el valor, la vulnerabilidad y el impacto de este ecosistema de medios de comunicación de rápido crecimiento. Aunque no compartiremos la información privada de cada medio, en este reporte se podrán ver los principales resultados y hallazgos." (Sumario)
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"The main finding of this study is that digital media entrepreneurs are deeply transforming the way that journalism is conducted and consumed in Latin America. They are not just producing news — they are generators of change, promoting better laws, defending human rights, exposing corruption, and
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fighting abuses of power. They are driven to produce independent news in countries that are highly politically polarized — and some of them are paying a high price for it [...] Nearly half the journalists interviewed for this study reported threats and physical attacks in response to their coverage. More than 20% of the founders and directors we interviewed admitted that they avoided covering certain topics, people, and institutions because of threats and intimidation. Others face punitive lawsuits, cyber-attacks, never-ending audits, and the loss of advertising revenues in retaliation for their coverage. Digital natives in Latin America have an even more important role to play than their counterparts in the over-saturated media markets of the developed world. News ownership is highly concentrated in these countries, and government advertising is frequently used to reward compliant media outlets. Even in the face of these legal, financial, and physical threats, entrepreneurial journalists are building sustainable businesses around quality journalism. The advent of social media and easy-to-use web design tools has made it possible to launch a digital media venture almost entirely on sweat equity. More than 70% of the ventures in this study started with less than $10,000, and more than 10% of those now bring in at least a half million dollars a year in revenues. After analyzing data on traffic, finances, revenue sources, staffing, and years in business, we identified four distinct tiers of business development. Diversified revenue was key to success, especially in the mid tiers, and we found more than 15 distinct revenue sources, including events, training, membership, crowdfunding, and native advertising. More than 65% reported they were earning revenue in at least three ways. In the top tier, where audiences reach more than 20 million visits per month, advertising is the top revenue source, but not the only one. In the mid ranges, there is no dominant business model and diversified revenue sources that combine advertising with audience-driven sources, such as events and crowdfunding, are crucial for sustainability. When we analyzed the lower tiers, we found lots of opportunities for improvement. Despite their dedication to quality journalism, more than 30% brought in less than $10,000 in total revenues in 2016. Broadly speaking, we found two paths to growing these businesses: building audience to drive traffic and advertising, or leveraging the loyalty of the audience to inspire micro-donations and the 15 other ways they are making money." (Executive summary, pages 6-8)
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"Weltweit ist das Radio das Medium, das die meisten Menschen erreicht. In Europa verliert der Hörfunk zwar an Zuhörerschaft, aber gerade in Ländern des Südens sind Radiostationen ein sehr wichtiges Mittel der Kommunikation. Eine südafrikanische Universität entwickelte jüngst ein Spracherkennu
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ngsprogramm für Acholi und zwei weitere Lokalsprachen in Uganda. Mit deren Hilfe können nun Menschen selbst von entlegenen Dörfern aus über den Äther bei öffentlich geführten Debatten mitreden. Die Empfangsgeräte sind zugleich Sender, die das Radio ganz im Sinne Brechts als partizipatives Medium auch für jene öffnet, die keine schriftlichen Eingaben machen und keine Protestschreiben verschicken können. Ein Community Radio ist freilich nicht schon per se emanzipatorisch, und nicht jeder Freie Sender hat antirassistische und antisexistische Sprachregelungen in den Statuten stehen. Wann also ist die Aneignung von Kommunikation ein emanzipatorischer Akt? In unserem Dossier fragen wir außerdem: Welche Relevanz hat das Radiomachen heute für die Wahrnehmung des Rechtes auf freie Kommunikation? Sind Freie Radios und Piratensender ein Auslaufmodell, oder sind sie eine Avantgarde?" (Editorial)
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"A obra é resultado de dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação defendido na Universidade de São Paulo (USP) em 2012, a obra contextualiza as práticas educativas salesianas a partir do paradigma da educomunicação. A pesquisa foi orientada pelo professor Ismar de Oliveira Soares,
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responsável pela pesquisa que identificou, no final dos anos 1990, a educomunicação como um campo autônomo do conhecimento na interface Comunicação-Educação. É possível dizer que a reflexão sobre a Educomunicação transformou-se numa prática corrente entre as Salesianas, ao menos em nível institucional. Como será demonstrado ao longo da presente obra, as Salesianas vêm aprofundando a temática em assembleias mundiais, em eventos e em suas inúmeras publicações no Brasil, nas Américas e em nível mundial. Fruto de um levantamento minucioso, a pesquisa buscou nas origens da história salesiana do ramo feminino em seus quase dois séculos, a inter-relação entre comunicação e educação, partindo do contexto latino-americano até chegar ao contexto mundial que assumiu a educomunicação como revitalização do Sistema Preventivo. Voltando para o contexto brasileiro, o foco da investigação buscou os indícios educomunicativos no material didático, no currículo e nas atividades do contraturno escolar da Rede Salesiana de Escolas nas cinco regiões geográficas." (Página web Editora Fi)
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"A Artigo 19 entende que muitos comunicadores populares se encontram em situação de vulnerabilidade social e legal em decorrência da omissão do Estado em regularizar o funcionamento de suas rádios e de suas políticas restritivas para o setor. Por esse motivo, elaborou orientações que serão
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reunidas em dois blocos – primeiro algumas perguntas e respostas sobre o procedimento de fiscalização das rádios e, depois, a respeito dos processos criminais que podem enfrentar os comunicadores comunitários. Tais orientações são baseadas no fato de que os agentes da Anatel e da Polícia Federal são obrigados a seguir procedimentos padrão baseados na legislação brasileira, como também devem seguir uma conduta ética —e o mesmo vale para os processos criminais que podem ser instaurados contra os radiocomunicadores. Com o objetivo de sanar o desencontro de informações a respeito desses procedimentos, esta publicação irá apresentar um panorama geral dos problemas enfrentados pelas rádios comunitárias e, em seguida, analisar a possibilidade de agilizar a obtenção da outorga de funcionamento via instrumentos legais e administrativos, além de orientar os comunicadores sobre os seus direitos e como agir caso suas rádios enfrentem procedimentos de fiscalização, levando em conta ações que possam ser tomadas nesse momento e em momento posterior, no âmbito judicial." (Objetivo da publicação, página 11-12)
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"This volume is structured in two sections exploring benefits, challenges and opportunities for community networks and analysing a series of community network case studies and forward-looking proposals, from which useful recommendations can be drawn. As a conclusion, this book includes the updated v
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ersion of the Declaration on Community Connectivity, which was elaborated through a multistakeholder participatory process, featuring an online open consultation, between July and November 2016, a public debate and a feedbackcollection process, during the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) 2016, and a further online consultation, between December 2016 and March 2017." (Page 23)
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"This collection of essays explores the complicated relationship between the messengers bringing news of catastrophic upheaval and the recipients of that message. It concentrates on the journalists, photographers and film-makers, reflecting not only the motivations behind their work, but also the ps
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ychological consequences of witnessing extreme suffering. The audience interpret the news according to their circumstance, be it with anger sympathy or with compassion-fatigued indifference. The book explores that reaction, which is always more nuanced than anticipated. Finally, the modern communication circle is completed by exploring the potential of the media to diminish conflict. This is demonstrated by the media bringing together communities that are either geographically or historically divided." (Publisher description)
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"The research documents how, despite immense ongoing challenges, in Afghanistan, Iraq, Nepal and Pakistan, some important advances have been made to develop joint structures and innovative approaches to defend the practice of journalism. It examines the long road Colombia has followed in the establi
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shment of its protection programme, and looks at what organisations and bodies working on the ground in Indonesia and the Philippines struggle against, and what they have achieved using the resources available to them." (Back cover)
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"Radio Sutatenza nació en el año de 1947 como una emisora rural de carácter cultural, fundada por el padre José Joaquín Salcedo, para ofrecer educación fundamental integral a los campesinos de Colombia y, de esta manera, transformar sus condiciones de vida personales, familiares y sociales. Co
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n fines y métodos propios, se pretendía, a través de la comunicación y de la educación, hacer del campesino analfabeto, marginado e incomunicado, un agente social. El modelo implementado estaba constituido por: radiodifusión (programas), radiorrecepción (audición organizada - Escuelas Radiofónicas), acceso (facilitando aparatos de radio y garantizando cobertura con sonido de calidad), sistema combinado de medios (radio, cartillas, libros, periódico, disco-estudio, etc.) y comunicación interpersonal (auxiliar inmediato, lideres, dirigentes, entre otros)." (Introducción, página 13)
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"Based on 15 months of ethnographic research, this book aims to understand why low-income Brazilians have invested so much of their time and money in learning about social media. Juliano Spyer explores this question from a number of perspectives, including education, relationships, work and politics
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. He argues the use of social media reflects contradictory values. Low-income Brazilians embrace social media to display literacy and upward mobility, but the same technology also strengthens traditional networks of support that conflict with individualism." (Back cover)
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"This book deploys an original comparative framework, as well as archival and pattern-matching research methodologies, to analyze whistleblowing cases from Peru, South Korea, Thailand and the United States of America and to ascertain factors that make for effective whistleblowing. After examining th
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e cases, the study concludes that external whistleblowing, extensive mass media coverage, and strong evidence are essential components of effective whistleblowing. When there is a lack of proper legal protection, whistleblowers experience brutal retaliation, even though their actions are successful in stopping wrongdoing and promoting change in the public sector." (Publisher description)
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"With regards to how Colombian journalists reportedly viewed their professional purpose/role, they found it was most important to report news accurately, to provide analysis of current affairs, to promote tolerance and cultural diversity, to promote social change, and lastly, to educate the audience
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(Table 1). The standard deviations for each of these roles revealed that there was indisputable consensus on the perception of the relevance that these functions have within journalistic work. Still, it was found that most journalists in Colombia valued letting people express their opinions, telling stories about the world, monitoring political leaders, and supporting national development. Furthermore, they valued influencing public opinion, providing people the information they need to make political decisions, and monitoring the business world. Lastly, journalists advocated for providing entertainment and news that capture a wider audience, setting the political agenda, motivating people to participate in political activities, and providing advice for daily life. It also was found that the classic roles of impartial observers and government adversaries or watchdogs currently hold little importance for Colombian journalists. The same goes for the traditional roles of loyalists or functionalists related to promoting government policies and conveying a positive image of political leaders. The standard deviations showed divided opinions on the relevance of these roles in journalism. For some journalists, these classic and loyalist roles are not important in their work, while there are others who believe that these roles are crucial for their reporting." (Journalistic roles, pages 1-2)
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"Con el objetivo de incluir a toda la población del país en las audiencias radiales, el Grupo RPP encargó una investigación a nivel nacional rural que representa el 22% de la población, según cifras oficiales del INEI. De este modo, al juntar los resultados de la audiencia de esta investigaci
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n con la audiencia radial a nivel urbano que se maneja en la industria publicitaria, se obtiene una audiencia integral a nivel total Perú. Para el caso se manejó una muestra panel de 1,200 personas distribuidas en 150 caseríos en 24 departamentos, respetando el peso poblacional rural de cada uno de ellos. Los caseríos fueron elegidos estrictamente al azar a partir de la base de datos de centros poblados rurales del INEI. La importancia de esta investigación es que permite estimar el gran potencial que tiene la radio al alcanzar a nivel Perú Rural el 81,5% (4’0 millones de personas de 11 a más años) en el término de una semana. El total de audiencia rural semanal representa el 18% y a nivel audiencia urbana el 82% del total nacional. Las emisoras locales en la zona rural tienen una mayor presencia respecto a las emisoras nacionales. Según emisoras, R.P.P. alcanza durante la semana al 26,6% de esta población de 11 a más años, que representa 1’3 millón de personas que escuchan esta radio, en menor medida se ubica Nueva Q con un alcance semanal de 3,8%, le sigue La Karibeña con 3,5%, Moda 2,7% y Exitosa 2,1% entre las más destacadas." (Página 1)
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"En esta investigación se analizan las potencialidades del acceso al ejercicio del derecho a la comunicación a través de radios comunitarias en América Latina por parte de mujeres afrodescendientes e indígenas, poblaciones históricamente excluidas del acceso y representación en los medios de
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comunicación de masas, y se examinan los elementos que obstaculizan y potencian el proceso de apropiación comunicativa. La investigación se construye y desarrolla a partir de dos ejes articuladores: como primer eje, se asume la construcción de la subalternidad como un producto de las relaciones de poder moderno-coloniales que es actualizada y legitimada por la representación que los medios de comunicación de masas realizan de la población subalternizada. El segundo eje aborda el reconocimiento del derecho a la comunicación en el contexto del debate latinoamericano con el que se abre una oportunidad histórica para el ejercicio del derecho a la comunicación de las poblaciones excluidas de los medios de comunicación de masas, tomando en cuenta las potencialidades de la comunicación para la transformación social. A partir de lo anterior se toma como referencia el análisis de dos experiencias comunicativas que han permitido comprender y analizar los procesos y ejercicio del derecho a la comunicación de mujeres afrodescendientes e indígenas. La primera experiencia que se toma como estudio de caso es la emisora Avanzadoras de Yoco, una radio comunitaria gestionada de manera exclusiva por mujeres afrodescendientes sin experiencia previa en comunicación, situada en el Estado Sucre, en el Nororiente de Venezuela. Como segunda experiencia comunicativa se toma como objeto de análisis el diseño, implementación y sistematización de una intervención comunicativa con mujeres indígenas sanadoras de la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador, dirigida al desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas que permitieran un acercamiento al ejercicio del derecho a la comunicación a través de la grabación de un programa de radio en la emisora comunitaria Escuelas Radiofónicas Populares del Ecuador (ERPE). La investigación demuestra las potencialidades del ejercicio del derecho a la comunicación para mujeres excluidas de la representación y acceso de los medios de comunicación de masas, en relación al desarrollo de un proceso de empoderamiento y de transformación social en el entorno. Sin embargo, dada la multiplicidad de situaciones discriminatorias que colaboran en la subalternización de estas poblaciones, es necesaria la concurrencia de diferentes circunstancias que permitan la superación de los obstáculos que encuentran en el acceso al disfrute general de sus derechos, incluido el derecho a la comunicación." (Resumen)
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"This collection offers fresh perspectives on the aesthetics, politics and histories of applied theatre. With contributions from leading scholars in the field, the book illuminates theatre in a diverse range of global contexts and regions. Divided into three sections - histories and cultural memorie
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s; place, community and environment; and poetics and participation - the chapters interweave cutting-edge theoretical insights with examples of innovative creative practice that traverse different places, spaces and times." (Publisher description)
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