"The objectives of this field survey are as follows: to attempt a critical study of the readership of people from different social strata of five specific localities of Kolkata Metropolitan City; to attempt a study of the influence and to measure the encroachment of different media on people’s rea
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ding habit; to attempt an assessment of the probable causes behind the difference in pattern of the reading habits of people in different localities of Kolkata Metropolitan City; to attempt an assessment of the role played by Public Libraries in promoting reading habits; to attempt a mapping of the Information Literacy Competency Level of people living in urban, Industrial and Semi-Urban areas of Kolkata Metropolitan City." (Objectives, page 15)
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"Man hat Arbeitskräfte gerufen, und es kamen Menschen. Sie fressen den Wohlstand nicht auf, im Gegenteil, sie sind 1 für den Wohlstand unerlässlich." Max Frisch Die modernen Massenmedien besitzen in unserem Alltag einen wichtigen Stellenwert und tragen bei Erwachsenen, aber gerade auch bei Heranw
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achsenden durch Prozesse der Thematisierung von aktuellen Ereignissen und Problemen (Agenda-Setting, der Anstiftung von Gesprächen untereinander (Ko-Orientierung), der Vermittlung von Normen und Wertvorstellungen (Sozialisation) und der Konstruktion von Bildern der sozialen Realität (Kultivierung) wesentlich zur gesellschaftlichen Integration und zur persönlichen Herausbildung einer eigenen Identität bei. Durch Globalisierungstendenzen der Medienproduktion, zusammen mit neuen technischen Möglichkeiten der modernen Massenmedien wie Kabel- und Satellitenfernsehen, können in der Schweiz aber längst nicht mehr nur ausschließlich schweizerische Medien und deren Inhalte genutzt werden. Vielmehr ist sowohl im Bereich der Printmedien als auch bei den Fernsehprogrammen eine breite Palette von ausländischen Medienangeboten zugänglich geworden, deren dokumentarische, unterhaltende und kulturelle Inhalte zuneh-mend Tendenzen der Internationalisierung aufweisen. Und durch das Internet ist ferner die rasche Information über Ereignisse in anderen Ländern, aber auch die gegenseitige interpersonale Kommunikation zwischen Menschen - Stichwort "E-Mail" - möglich geworden, die in verschiedenen Ländern leben (müssen)." (Publisher description)
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"This paper begins by analyzing the trends and technologies comprising new media. Social networking sites, new mobile phone technologies, and online broadcasting sites like YouTube are assessed to show how they can be incorporated in media assistance projects. The second section continues to examine
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these changes by providing a resource base of new media tools and suggestions for developing competitive, sustainable media businesses. With a goal of establishing sustainable media businesses, development professionals should understand how quality web design principles, professionalism, and innovative approaches to measuring success all affect the long-term viability of projects. Third, this paper assesses and explains how freedom of expression, security, and privacy are affected by new media and the current legal and policy frameworks concerning new media. Widespread state-sponsored internet filtering is not common in Europe and Eurasia, though there are other forms of surveillance and instances of targeted blocking have been observed. This section also provides additional resources on governance issues covering media law and freedom of information for more in-depth reading. As media assistance projects constantly struggle to analyze impact, the fourth section provides audience and demographic information on new media technologies. Audiences using new media tend to consist of younger groups and those who are likely to drive public policy debates. Further, these resources provide useful guidance regarding new media use in Europe and Eurasia. Finally, this paper contains several reference points, including three case studies of new media technologies in Europe and Eurasia, a listing of resource-rich websites, and a glossary of new media terminology." (Executive summary)
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"This book brings together some of the most outstanding and novel papers on media and development presented at the AMIC Annual Conferences in Bangkok, Thailand in July 2004. It features over a dozen contributions from around the region, providing a wealth of fresh case studies as well as breaking ne
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w ground in highlighting emerging frontiers of media development discourse in Asia, comparing regional development along multiple dimensions and frameworks and pointing the direction towards further media initiatives at a national level. The papers selected are grouped into three key themes: media and development; new narratives and political discourse; and media impacts and capacity building. Part I addresses macro-level impacts and policies pertaining to media and development in Asia. Part II deals with more direct media issues such as new narratives and emerging forms of political discourse and groupings in Asia. Part III shifts the focus to traditional media impacts on youth and tribal audiences, as well as new media impacts on the education and business sectors. The contributors to this book have highlighted not just an interesting range of media and development issues in Asia, but have also introduced a good variety of media research methods. These include quantitative assessments of media impacts in society, comparative and longitudinal frameworks for evaluating regional ICT competitiveness, structural analyses of political and activist communication systems, in-depth case studies of individual organisations, and broad-based surveys of stakeholders in ICT4D." (Publisher description)
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"The thirteen significant case studies presented here examine the challenges faced by media practitioners reporting on conflicts across the diverse media ecologies of Asia. Significant themes covered include: how media culture affects the way conflict is covered, including aspects such as resource l
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imitations, different standards of professionalism, government intervention, and the degree of importance given to the concept of independent media; how media bias can be aggravated by competing demands of various ethnics, religious and political groups and how bias among journalists can contribute to spiralling violence; how journalist can face an 'identity barrier' in terms of access to news and sources; and, how the media can be affected by poor working conditions, pay, training and recognition, and a lack of physical or financial security. The chapters provide a valuable range of perspectives on reporting about conflicts within Asia." (Publisher descrition)
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"Media democracy is a concept as well as an advocacy movement aiming at making the mainstream media more plural, and reflective of a broad set of ideas and opinions than churning out and propagating just routine socio-politico-economic news stories and articles in the name of news, information and e
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ntertainment." (Page 2)
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"A study by De Alwis (2006) on the reporting of the Sri Lanka conflict under censorship, made comparisons to Western theories and models. The findings disclose the unique techniques used by the local press to circumvent media regulations. Censorship lacks the ability to tighten its hold on the local
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press who flaunt social responsibility and their watchdog instincts. These results are in stark contrast to Western scholarship and express an inadequacy of the Western theoretical perspectives for understanding Asian internal conflicts. The study posits the importance of understanding cultural dimensions before theorising on media behaviour and proposes an alternative model to arrive at new theoretical paradigms. Further, perceptions of non-Asian audiences on Asian media behaviour are evaluated to invite deliberations on Asian communication perspectives." (Abstract)
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"This case study investigates the launch of a women’s radio station in Herat, Afghanistan, in October 2003. It follows four women journalists’ struggles in balancing the demands of a highly conservative culture on the one hand, and the objectives of their Canadian journalism trainers on the othe
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r. By discussing how the radio station was forced to accede to the male-centric norms in Afghan radio production to avoid being labelled unprofessional, the study concludes that gender and media development must be conceptualised more carefully to present an effective challenge to gender inequality." (Abstract)
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"Given the limited nature of global media with its emphasis on ‘infotainment’ driven by commerce, it has very little role in community development. We see the alarming and growing impact of the global media on the socio-cultural life of different communities in India. The rampaging growth of cen
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tralized distribution systems has not only undermined local expressions but is also loudly proclaiming its sole legitimacy and relevance. Where does that leave the diverse forms of local media that abound in our cultural landscape? Abhivyakti Media for Development, a Nashik-based Indian development communication organization, believes that local media forms have a vital role in shaping community life and its development. Abhivyakti has initiated a programme in the Maharashtra state of India that seeks to identify those who are already using some media forms in order to support them to participate in a loose informal network. This network mobilizes their creative energies to focus on the local and, in doing so, brings a host of diverse realities into public awareness and generates alternative nodal centres to distribute these voices and images. The programme is already shaping different possibilities and allowing them to emerge as viable alternatives for community empowerment." (Abstract)
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"Islamische Gesellschaften haben zwei Gesichter: Nach außen führen die Menschen ein freies und normales Leben. Aber unsichtbar, in den von den Vätern beherrschten Häusern, in den von religiösen Fanatikern kontrollierten Dörfern und in den Gefängnissen der staatlichen Geheimdienste, werden die
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Menschen - meist Frauen und Mädchen - grausam unterdrückt. Die Journalistin Betsy Udink hat sich in Pakistan, dem"Land der Reinen", das sich als ideales muslimisches Gemeinwesen versteht, an diese sonst kaum sichtbaren Schauplätze begeben. Sie berichtet von der ständigen Angst von Frauen und Mädchen, von ihren Vätern oder Ehemännern im Namen des Korans und der Familienehre mißhandelt, verstümmelt oder getötet zu werden. Sie erzählt vom sexuellen Mißbrauch kleiner Jungen, den brutalen Folgen der Gesetze gegen Gotteslästerung und von einem Frauengefängnis, in dem selbst kleine Kinder wie Vieh gehalten werden. Das wunderbar lakonisch geschriebene Buch besteht aus Miniaturen über das Leben in Pakistan, die sich zu einer großen Erzählung über das Leben der Frauen im Islam zusammenfügen. An keiner Stelle werden Pakistan oder der Islam pauschal angeklagt. Die Autorin behält immer die Distanz der Beobachterin." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"The experience of citizen involvement in public policy advocacy around the world has shown that the status quo tends to prevail unless political will to implement change is strengthened by active citizen participation. A “Global Information Society Watch” is needed to make governments and inter
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national organisations accountable. This publication, the first in a series of reports covering the state of the information society on an annual basis, focuses on the theme of participation. The report has three interrelated goals: surveying the state of the field of ICT policy at the local and global levels; encouraging critical debate; and strengthening networking and advocacy for a just, inclusive information society. It discusses the WSIS process and a range of international institutions, regulatory agencies and monitoring instruments from the perspective of civil society and stakeholders in the global South. Alongside this discussion, we present a series of country reports which examine issues of access and participation within a variety of national contexts." (Introduction)
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