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Protecting the Safety of Journalists, Protecting Freedom of Expression: A Handbook for EU Delegations
Key Guides
Brussels: Media4Democracy (2020), 102 pp.
"This Handbook, which provides non-compulsory technical guidance to EU Delegations, aims to provide tools and hands-on examples to support them in implementing the the 2014 'EU Human Rights Guidelines on Freedom of Expression Online and Offline' and in taking actions to support the safety and securi
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Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists: Annual Report, 2019
Paris: UNESCO (2020), 163 pp.
"This progress report presents the main findings and achievements of a self-evaluation exercise conducted by the responsible UNESCO project officers at Headquarters and in the relevant Field Offices." (Page 3)
Introduction: Rethinking Safety of Journalists
Media and Communication, volume 8, issue 1 (2020), pp. 1-4
"The introductory chapter to the thematic issue, entitled "Rethinking Safety of Journalists," shows how promoting the safety of journalists is closely related to press freedom. It presents the articles of the thematic issue and highlights how the safety of journalists is no longer a concern of indiv
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Threats To Journalism Profession: Negotiations For Efficiency And Safe Practice
Journal of Communication and Media Studies, volume 1, issue 2 (2020), pp. 1-12
"Despite a plethora of threats such as funding, violence, ownership etc., challenging Journalism profession; amateurs who engage in the practice, seem to continually pose more threats. Amateurs arguably exacerbate the spread of fake and misleading information, disinformation, misinterpretation of is
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A Mission to Inform: Journalists at Risk Speak Out
Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2020), 149 pp.
"The present study brings together a unique collection of open testimonies from 20 journalists working in different member states of the Council of Europe. Each of these journalists spoke about the risks and pressures they perceived and experienced in exercising their profession, as well as their st
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Safety of Journalists Covering Conflict & Sensitive Issues
Conflict & Communication Online, volume 18, issue 1 (2019), 103 pp.
Violence against Journalists
"This entry introduces the concept of violence against journalists and the press. It synthesizes multiple approaches to the phenomenon to create a comprehensive definition, reviews dimensions of violence and the occupational and individual domains in which they create harm, identifies key findings a
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Worlds of Journalism: Journalistic Cultures Around the Globe
Deep Insights
New York: Columbia University Press (2019), xi, 434 pp.
"How do journalists around the world view their own function and role in society? Based on a landmark study that has collected data from more than 25,000 journalists in 66 countries between 2012 and 2015, Worlds of Journalism examines the different ways journalists conceive of their responsibilities
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Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2019), xxx, 408 pp.
"The Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety is an essential reference source that evaluates how diverse threats impact on journalists wellbeing, their right to freedom of expression, and overall media freedoms in various contexts and assesses inadequacies in
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The staging trap: Right-wing politics as a challenge for journalism
Journalism, volume 20, issue 1 (2019), pp. 24-26
Strengthening Police and Media Relations for the Safety of Journalists and Peaceful, Free and Fair Elections in West Africa
Accra; Copenhagen: Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA); International Media Support (IMS) (2018), 42 pp.
"The relationship between the media and security agencies, including those in the law enforcement and intelligence services, has always been a delicate one. In the West African context, this relationship is often characterized by frequent clashes, arising from a somewhat startling inability of eithe
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Why there is no culture of journalists’ safety
Australian Journalism Review, volume 40, issue 2 (2018), pp. 9-13
"As I am writing this, the United Nations has counted 68 journalists killed in the line of duty around the world in 2018 (UNESCO, 2018a). That is nothing unusual. From 2012 to 2016, 530 journalists died on the job - an average of two per week. Very few of these are accidental deaths. Some are killed
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How Journalism Responds to Right-wing Populist Criticism
In: Trust in Media and Journalism: Empirical Perspectives on Ethics, Norms, Impacts and Populism in Europe
Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2018), pp. 137-154
"Right-wing populists often criticise the established media for being untruthful or censoring what critics consider to be important information—for instance, the ethnic background of perpetrators—and for being biased against right-wing populist actors. That hostility towards journalism can be un
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Journalists as Victims and Perpetrators of Violence
"This chapter explores the complicated ways in which journalists became subjects within the stories of Ferguson and Baltimore through a particular focus on the discursive identification of journalists as either victims or perpetrators of violence. It focuses on two evaluative frameworks: journalists
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Freedom of Expression and Violence Against Journalists
Lex ET Scientia International Journal (LESIJ), volume 2 (2017), pp. 118-135
"This study will contain an analysis on the international and regional standards in the field of freedom of expression, as stipulated in the United Nations conventions and in the European Convention of Human Rights. Further we will establish a link between the breach of the freedom of expression whe
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Comparing Journalistic Cultures Across Nations
Journalism Studies, volume 18, issue 5 (2017), pp. 525-535
"Comparative studies of journalism have become immensely popular in recent times, yet a range of methodological and logistical challenges persist in existing work. This introduction to the special issue on “Comparing Journalistic Cultures” provides a brief overview of these challenges, before pr
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World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2017/2018
Deep Insights
Paris: UNESCO (2017), 200 pp.
"We have noted profound transformations in the field of media freedom, which is making progress in certain areas, but losing ground in others. Media freedom is limited in particular by many legal restrictions on the right to impart information and ideas, although progress is being made with regard t
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Explorations in an Emerging Research Field
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 141-146
"When discussing the safety of journalists, it is quite natural that the focus is foremost on practitioners: those professional journalists, citizen journalists and other media workers who report about incidents, processes and their consequences from troubled sites around the world. Their accounts o
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Shooting the messengers
British Journalism Review, volume 28, issue 1 (2017), pp. 57-62
"More and more countries are deciding the answer to a bad press is to imprison journalists who dare to report anything that is critical." (Abstract)
Assaults against Journalists: We see the tip of the iceberg
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 119-128
"The summarised reports in this chapter show that the scope of safety and sacrifice is far greater than each actor alone or their sum can account for. Although the discussion did not offer an investigation into the USA and other mature democracies, it is clear from the survey in the European territo
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