"The guidelines are intended to ensure that all actors who play a role in facilitating or engaging in media reporting on gender-based violence (GBV) are aware of and able to prioritize the ethical and safety considerations that preserve the safety, confidentiality and dignity of survivors, their fam
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ilies, their communities, and those who are trying to help them. The audience for these guidelines is two-fold: first, the guidelines are meant to support those actors who are working in humanitarian contexts to address the needs of GBV survivors, e.g. as part of a UN, NGO or Government entity, including senior management of these organisations. Second, the guidelines propose best practices for journalists and other media professionals who are reporting on GBV in emergency contexts." (Page 1)
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"Scientists and politicians are increasingly using the language of risk to describe the climate change challenge. Some researchers have argued that stressing the ‘risks‘ posed by climate change rather than the ‘uncertainties‘ can create a more helpful context for policy makers and a stronger
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response from the public. However, understanding the concepts of risk and uncertainty - and how to communicate them – is a hotly debated issue. In this book, James Painter analyses how the international media present these and other narratives surrounding climate change. He focuses on the coverage of reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and of the melting ice of the Arctic Sea, and includes six countries: Australia, France, India, Norway, the UK and the USA." (Publisher description)
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"This report is an evaluation of the methods and tools used by the Red Cross and Red Crescent to communicate with communities following the devastating 2010 earthquake in Haiti. The study draws recommendations for the continued and more effective use of communications to engage with communities in H
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aiti and elsewhere in the future." (Back cover)
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"This dissertation examines media coverage of the 2011-2012 famine in Somalia by the websites of BBC News, CNN and Al Jazeera. Using both quantitative and qualitative content analyses, it asks why coverage of the famine began as late as it did, despite ample evidence of the coming famine. It further
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surveys the famine--related news reports for evidence of four paradigms through which the causes of famine can be understood; as a Malthusian competition between population and land, as a failure of food entitlements as conceived of by Sen (1981a), as critical political event (Edkins, 2004), or as an issue of criminality (Alex de Waal, 2008). Findings include a dramatic silencing of victim’s accounts of famine, despite a reliance on their photographic images, as well as an overwhelming preference for Malthusian accounts of the famine. Late media coverage is explored via a new-values paradigm which links the sudden outburst of media coverage for the famine to a formal UN declaration, and suggests that this may have created a new elite-relevance to the event which did not exist before, and therefore making it of relevance to domestic publics." (Abstract)
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"The report presents findings that pose both unique challenges and opportunities for programs seeking to provide humanitarian information to Syrian refugees in Lebanon. So far, according to the report, there is little evidence of any comprehensive strategy or investment in providing a humanitarian c
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ommunication strategy. Various agencies are employing piecemeal tactics to communication through counseling lines, SMS and face-to-face outreach, yet all of these have their limitations. Furthermore it is clear from Internews research presented here that all current outreach tactics are fundamentally undermined by a profound lack of trust and/or understanding on the part of the refugees about what they are being told, and by whom. Syria has a long history as one of the most media-oppressed countries in the world and the Syrians have a mistrust of media and officialdom in general." (Internews website)
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"The media reporting of the Ethiopian Famine in 1984-5 was an iconic news event. It is widely believed to have had an unprecedented impact, challenging perceptions of Africa and mobilising public opinion and philanthropic action in a dramatic new way. The contemporary international configuration of
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aid, media pressure, and official policy is still directly affected and sometimes distorted by what was - as this narrative shows - also an inaccurate and misleading story. In popular memory, the reporting of Ethiopia and the resulting humanitarian intervention were a great success. Yet alternative interpretations give a radically different picture of misleading journalism and an aid effort which did more harm than good. Using privileged access to BBC and Government archives, Reporting Disasters examines and reveals the internal factors which drove BBC news and offers a rare case study of how the media can affect public opinion and policymaking. It constructs the process that accounts for the immensity of the news event, following the response at the heart of government to the pressure of public opinion. And it shows that while the reporting and the altruistic festival that it produced triggered remarkable and identifiable changes, the on-going impact was not what the conventional account claims it to have been." (Publisher description)
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"Exploring communication ecologies rather than discrete communication practices remains a difficult challenge. Indonesia: Crisis Communication Channels is one of the early attempts to develop this practice, with case-study examples [...] The three case-study disasters are: Jakarta’s January 2013 f
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loods; the ongoing low-level Rokatenda volcano eruption on Palue Island in Sikka Regency, Flores, eastern Indonesia (beginning late 2012); Aceh’s April 2012 earthquake and tsunami warning. The case studies were selected to examine crisis communication across a range of contexts: urban and rural; areas with extensive infrastructure and without; disaster with local and national profiles, and in locations with extensive preparedness efforts and without." (Page 4)
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"This article describes and analyses the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) communication policy in the current world environment where a variety of well-doers attempt to pursue attention. The analysis is reflected against the results of focus group interviews with Congolese women
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in two refugee camps in Rwanda in November 2010. Although the women are not provided with any form of mediated communication, they do not appear to have any interest in it either. Daily concerns fill their lives in the ‘non-place’ and although that strongly limits their lifestyle and living conditions, it also ensures their safety. This article discusses both the possibility of establishing ‘small media’ or community media in the camps and the possibility of changing the principles of the United Nations (UN) communication policies." (Abstract)
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"Dealing with uncertainty has been an important and distinct topic for PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (formerly MNP) and the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), in terms of analysis and communication. Acting responsibly with regard to this issue is
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important; particularly where policy analyses are concerned. Without adequate attention to the role and implications of uncertainty, the outcome of research and assessments may be of limited value and could result in incorrect policy decisions, with all the attendant consequences. However, the general public does not always appear in need of very detailed information in ‘documents full of subtle distinctions’. Consequently, information on uncertainty is not always considered relevant, understood, or even noticed. Thus, uncertainty remains an awkward issue and a challenge for the authors of policy reports. This Guide comprises hints and points of attention, as well as questions that researchers should try to answer when communicating about uncertainty (e.g. in written reports and presentations). It is not intended as a protocol; every situation is unique and demands its own approach. Thus, the Guide for Uncertainty Communication is intended to support the researcher/communicator in making well-considered choices. Communication on uncertainty regarding a particular study requires having a clear picture of why this communication is important and to whom it should be addressed. For this, the issues and concerns of the intended target audience(s) must be known, as well as all relevant uncertainties involved in the study and their possible effects on the results of the study. This involves serious reflection on certain topics, such as on where uncertainties originate, what significance and/or implications they have, if uncertainty may be reduced, on the context of the study, and on the manner in which uncertainty was dealt with in the study. The purpose of the study will strongly determine what uncertainty information would be relevant. For example, a study which primarily deals with the effects of policy measures will focus less on uncertainty about the severity of environmental problems than would be the case when a newly emerging environmental problem is explored. Addressing these questions, ideally, would provide a clear insight into all relevant aspects of uncertainty, which should be communicated effectively to the intended target audiences. This Guide is set up to support this process." (Preface, pages 4-5)
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"Between June 30th and July 10th, 2012, a team of four trained interviewers conducted interviews with 400 randomly selected adults, representative of the adult population of the town of Zemio and its surroundings, over 1,000 km east of the capital Bangui in the prefecture of Haut Mbomou, near the bo
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rder with the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The rapid assessment was conducted to serve as a comparison case to the previously published assessment conducted in Obo, the capital of Haut Mbomou, in July 2012. The Haut-Mbomou, one of the 14 prefectures of the Central African Republic (CAR) is under the threat of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a notoriously violent armed group from northern Uganda. These results suggest that information must first be local. Respondents in Zemio lacked a local source of news that would contribute to a better perceived access and quality of information. However, having a local quality information source may not necessarily have an impact on understanding and reported perception of humanitarian action." (Internews website)
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"Between May 19th-27th, 2012, a team of four trained interviewers conducted interviews with 400 randomly selected adults representative of the adult population in Obo, the capital of Haut-Mbomou, one of the 14 prefectures of the Central African Republic (CAR), and its surroundings [...] Radio is the
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most important source of information, especially the local community radio, Radio Zereda. However, women tended to also rely on friends, family and local authorities as main sources of information. None of the respondents mentioned printed media, television or Internet as a main source of information. Mobile phones are relatively common, one-fifth of the respondents (21%) indicated owning one, but just 9% indicated using text messages and less than 1% accessed Internet with their phone." (Executive summary)
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"DRR (Disaster risk reduction) advocates are increasingly asked by government and local partners what the exact scope and content of their subject is, and to explain, beyond generalities, the ‘actionable risk reduction messages.’ Key messages comprise the core, common and comprehensive informati
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on about safety and resilience that are needed to promote consistent and sustained DRR. If these actionable messages were universally practised, we could substantially avoid the effects and impacts of disaster. This document focuses on harmonizing these messages. This has meant working to ensure that the key points are conveyed consistently, even when they are conveyed to different audiences or by different stakeholders. This is different from standardizing messages, which involves working to achieve consensus around a single set of uniform messages for a particular audience. By setting out this common reference source, it is hoped that practitioners will make voluntary efforts to harmonize their messages. The goal is common understanding and consistency in the application of common themes, worldwide." (Page 11)
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"The main objective of the media component of the Environmental Planning and Disaster Risk Management (EPDRM) programme of GIZ in India is to enable journalists to better and more efficiently perform their roles, functions and tasks in the context of disaster risk management, i.e. information to the
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public, awareness building with regard to disaster risks and preparedness, warning in case of disasters, information on response, relief and reconstruction. In order to achieve this objective, the project has been planned under different components, viz., orientation workshops for the practicing journalists in different high-on-disaster-risk states; facilitating a virtual platform for information exchange and knowledge sharing among participants from the orientation workshops as well as other experts; and developing curriculum on reporting disaster for the journalism students of various Indian journalism institutes. Orientation workshops were conducted in seven states (Tamilnadu, Odisha, Gujarat, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Assam and Punjab) during 2010-2011. A Facebook community and a web portal have been established to facilitate the virtual exchange among the journalists and thematic experts. In order to extend awareness and capacity building activities related to disasters to journalists, the project also facilitated development of a curriculum on reporting disaster to be used in journalism departments of universities and media training institutes. A core-group of experts and trainers from media training institutes, as well as from other relevant organizations was formed, which deliberated upon the overall structure and outline of the DRR curriculum required to be introduced to the students of journalism. A team of authors and editors had then put together the contents of the curriculum along with guidance on how to use the contents, which is being produced in the form of this handbook. This curriculum was piloted in September this year, with journalism students in the North Eastern Region of India, and inputs on the training methods used were also received from faculty members during a ToT of this curriculum. This Training Handbook on "Reporting Disaster and Disaster Preparedness" provides basic concepts, case studies, and examples that can be customized as a module in a course or an entire course as part of the overall curriculum of a journalism course in Indian universities and institutes." (Preface)
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