"We have surveyed the history of the study of new media and religion, identified heuristic perspectives helpful in organizing current scholarship, and appraised methodologies employed in the study. The study of new media and religion has evolved from extreme utopian/dystopian discourses to a better
...
understanding of the observable effects of new media, to incorporating into its scholarship diverse disciplines—hence the “protestantization” of the field. Perspectives on religion and the Internet vary within religious traditions, as the diversity of thought within Christian uses demonstrates. Current heuristic perspectives in the study include the Internet as an information dissemination medium, the relationship between online and offline religion, the potential influence of online religion on offline religion, the distinction between online-religion and religion-online, and observations of the Internet medium itself. Researchers emply both qualitative and quantitative methodologies in the study of new media and religion, with each methods having its advantages." (Conclusion, page 16)
more
"The article addresses the use of the internet by Islamic social movement organizations (SMOs), focusing on the case of Justice and Charity (JC), the biggest opposition political group in Morocco. It examines the extent to which the SMO exploits the potential of the medium in collective action, and
...
the implications of this use for the SMO’s capacity to advance its cause and resist state repression. Drawing on social movement and radical democracy theories, the study highlights the implications of the internet for collective identity-building in the political project of the Islamic SMO. The article argues that while JC draws extensively on the internet to enhance collective identity-construction and build an antagonistic public sphere, it fails to benefit from the potential of the medium to promote gender equality and genuine participative communication, and to build an agonistic political sphere." (Abstract)
more
"Vor dem Hintergrund der digitalen Medienentwicklung hat die Publizistische Kommission der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz unter Vorsitz von Bischof Gebhard Fürst in ihrer Sitzung am 17. und 18. Oktober 2007 beschlossen, ein medienethisches Impulspapier zu den Herausforderungen der digitalen Medienwelt
...
unter dem Titel „Virtualität und Inszenierung – Unterwegs in der digitalen Medienwelt“ vorzubereiten. Der Text wurde am 29. Juni 2011 in Mainz vorgestellt. Die medienethische Schrift ist aufgrund des rasanten Wandlungsprozesses im Medienbereich als Werkstattbericht bzw. Impulspapier angelegt. Darin werden Trends und Tendenzen der digitalen Entwicklung und deren medienethische und medienpolitische Bewertung aus christlicher Perspektive aufgezeigt. Es soll so ein Beitrag zum aktuellen gesellschaftlichen Diskurs über die Chancen und Risiken neuer Medientechnologien geleistet werden. Das Impulspapier, das für eine Stärkung der Medienkompetenz plädiert, lädt zu einem konstruktiven Dialog ein und dient als Grundlage für eine weitere intensive Befassung mit medienethischen Fragestellungen. Communicatio Socialis lässt in diesem Heft Expertinnen und Experten aus verschiedenen Disziplinen und mit unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln das Impulspapier kommentieren. Kommunikationswissenschaftler, Theologen, Juristen und Journalisten wurden gebeten, folgende Fragen zu beantworten: Sind im Impulspapier die wesentlichen Probleme – hinsichtlich des von Ihnen zu bearbeitenden Themenfelds – erkannt? Teilen Sie mit Blick auf dieses Themenfeld die Analyse des Impulstextes? Wo sehen Sie Anknüpfungspunkte für eine weiterführende Diskussion? Wo sehen Sie Möglichkeiten einer praktischen Umsetzung der im Impulstext genannten Anregungen und Empfehlungen? Nachfolgend wird zunächst in einem kurzen Überblick über den Entstehungsprozess des medienethischen Papiers berichtet." S.395)
more
"Unsere Gesellschaft befindet sich seit einiger Zeit in einem großen Umbruch. Ein wichtiger Motor der Veränderungen sind die Medien. Die technische Entwicklung hat zu einem Medienwandel geführt. Der Wandel hat weit reichende Folgen, gerade auch für das soziale Gefüge. Die Aufspaltung in viele K
...
leingruppen, erweiterte Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten unabhängig von Zeit und Ort, zunehmende Individualisierung und neue Lebens- und Kommunikationsgewohnheiten sind nicht zuletzt Symptome einer medialen Revolution [.] Eine medienethische Analyse, so wie wir sie vornehmen möchten, verfolgt das Anliegen, mit Distanz und Gelassenheit aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Mediengesellschaft wahrzunehmen, über Prozesse zu reflektieren und Einordnungen vorzunehmen. Ziel unseres Nachdenkens ist es, medienethische Impulse und Anregungen für eine gerechte und menschendienliche Medien- und Kommunikationsordnung zu geben." (Vorwort, Seite 5-6)
more
"Papua New Guinea’s Tok Pisin language newspaper Wantok, founded in 1969, is one of the publishing icons of the South Pacific. Drawing on interviews with Fr Francis Mihalic and Bishop Leo Arkfeld made in the early 1990s, a manuscript history of the early days of the Wantok, written by Mihalic, and
...
material drawn from the archives in the Society of the Divine Word’s mother house in Mt Hagen, this article seeks to present a picture of a man who was at once a priest, a publisher, a propagandist, a linguist, a lecturer and often a cause of bewilderment to the very bishops whose work he was supposed to be doing. While acknowledging Mihalic’s role as the creator of Wantok, it places the emergence of the newspaper within an historical, educational, religious and social framework that shows it emerging and growing in response to several broad trends." (Abstract)
more
"Twenty years after the fall of communism in Romania, there are two main pilgrimages that dominate the Orthodox religious environment: the pilgrimage to Saint Parascheva of Iasi and the pilgrimage to Saint Dumitru cel Nou, Basarabov in Bucharest. These two pilgrimages are practiced in old sacred cen
...
tres with a long tradition and with their own unique identity. The objective of this article is focused on how the mass mass media understands and relates to the religious phenomenon and the way that journalists depict the image of the pilgrimages in the published articles. The study investigates the articles published in newspapers during the period 1990-2010 and frames the information according to the existing interest areas." (Abstract)
more
"As the manuscript treasures in the libraries of Timbuktu and throughout the northwestern quarter of Africa become known, many questions are raised. How did a manuscript culture flourish in the Sahara and in Muslim Africa more generally? Under what conditions did African intellectuals thrive, and ho
...
w did they acquire scholarly works and the writing paper necessary to contribute to knowledge? By exploring the history of the trans-Saharan book and paper trades, the scholarly production and teaching curriculae of African Muslims and the formation, preservation and codicology of library collections, the authors of this original volume provide a variety of answers. The select number of invited contributions represents current research in the material, technological, economic, and cultural dimensions of manuscript production, circulation, and preservation, and the development of specific scholarly and intellectual traditions in Saharan and Sudanic Africa." (Publisher description)
more
"The religious media in Cuba currently provide the most substantial alternative to the official media, other than academic and cultural publications such as TEMAS and those of the universities and research centers. Given that the academic and cultural publications are published by institutions techn
...
ically within the state sector, the religious media is, using a strict definition, the only fully autonomous media sector in Cuba, other than the independent journalists’ movement. With respect to the religious media in Cuba, it should be noted that virtually all suffer from a scarcity of resources. Most of the material resources come from abroad and are subject to government regulation and control, thereby encouraging caution on the part of churches and other religious organizations. They, as well as foreign religious donors, have been careful not to become identified with some of the dissident or oppositional sectors of civil society. Even so, the increased role of religions in responding to the socioeconomic needs of the population has expanded the credibility and influence of most religions within civil society and hence their publications. Overall, while religions and the religious media are emerging as critical elements of a revitalizing civil society, there is an understandable desire on their part not to precipitate serious conflicts with the government. While religious leaders, by and large, may have become more publicly critical of the government, this has not translated into substantial efforts on their part to directly mobilize civil society." (Conclusion, page 199-200)
more
"In the Republic of Benin, we are currently witnessing an enormous proliferation of religious radio broadcasting in various forms, especially with regard to Pentecostal churches. Apart from already established Christian broadcasters such as Radio Immaculée Conception, Radio Alléluia or Radio Maran
...
atha, operating on a regional or even on a national scale, various smaller groups and individual pastors, mainly from evangelical and Charismatic churches, are increasingly contracting broadcasting hours with public, private or community radio stations. Furthermore, many pastors have started to record CDs with prayers and gospel sounds to broadcast, or hire professional media production companies to ensure a large media coverage of their appearances in various media. On the one hand, these strategies represent a particular form of media appropriation, an attempt to obtain a greater share in the changing public sphere, and are part of the growing competition between various religious media actors, especially with regard to their ambitions of moral guidance. On the other hand, these programmes could be seen as stages for creative individual religious actors, among them also laymen, offering moments of self-assertion and granting social prestige." (Abstract)
more
"Die Umbrüche in Ägypten 2011 haben gezeigt, dass Medien eine wesentliche Rolle für die Mobilisierung politischer Partizipation spielen. Die Muslimbruderschaft, einer der wichtigsten gesellschaftlichen Akteure Ägyptens, hat seit 2002 gezielt auf Internetmedien gesetzt, um das Regime Mubaraks her
...
auszufordern. Unter Rückgriff auf Ansätze aus der Forschung zu sozialen Bewegungen und politischer Transformation ordnet die Autorin zunächst die Medienstrategien der Islamisten in die Strukturen des politischen Systems und des Mediensystems Ägyptens ein. Mittels einer Inhaltsanalyse der Website der Muslimbrüder, ikhwanonline.com, Interviews mit deren Produzenten sowie einer Nutzerbefragung wird überprüft, welches Potenzial islamistische Medien haben, zu einer Demokratisierung Ägyptens beizutragen." (Klappentext)
more