"Movements towards open data involve the publication of datasets (from metadata on publications, to research, to operational project statistics) online in standard formats and without restrictions on reuse. A number of open datasets are published as linked data, creating a web of connected datasets.
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Governments, companies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) across the world are increasingly exploring how the publication and use of open and linked data can have impacts on governance, economic growth and the delivery of services. This article outlines the historical, social and technical trajectories that have led to current interest in, and practices around, open data. Drawing on three example cases of working with open and linked data it takes a critical look at issues that development sector knowledge intermediaries may need to engage with to ensure the socio-technical innovations of open and linked data work in the interests of greater diversity and better development practice." (Abstract)
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"This paper will use the example of the approach taken by UK Community Radio station, 'Future Radio' to obtain both quantitative data primarily through street surveys and qualitative data through on-line questionnaires, exploring why the station felt such research to be both necessary and beneficial
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. Showing how reasonably accurate data can be obtained on a cost-effective basis, issues of accuracy and practical difficulties will also be explored. Finally, the paper will examine some of the opportunities and challenges raised by the changing nature of radio listening and interaction brought about by new methods of consumption such as Internet streaming and mobile 'smart-phone' applications." (Abstract)
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"In this article we reflect on three themes that highlight current trends in research communication for development and, in turn, shape this issue of the IDS Bulletin. We argue that shifts in the sociopolitical and theoretical context within which development research communication is being put into
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practice; the range and configurations of actors and roles being deployed; and technological advances or innovations available for research communication are affecting important and often contested changes. In introducing this collection of articles relevant to these themes, we conclude that further work is needed in mapping out this evolving landscape and better understanding the interlinkages, antecedents, and tensions between perspectives. Doing so, we argue, could contribute to a stronger praxis of development research communication." (Abstract)
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"In moving away from prescriptive one-way communications exercises, participatory development communications use better strategies to engage communities and capture nuance. This article examines a communications case study in Egypt: a photography competition aimed at understanding how local photogra
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phers depict women and empowerment in their images. Opportunities for discussion and selfreflection provide cultural producers the space to delve into how they see women and how they then choose to represent them. This type of communications initiative actively courts a richer understanding of empowerment, leaving room for the complexities this might entail." (Abstract)
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"Este es un ensayo tentativo, exploratorio, que quiere proponer de manera asequible algunas rutas de exploración de las consecuencias que la presencia de la Internet, las distintas tecnologías de información y comunicación y en general las nuevas formas de comunicación, plantean a las personas
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y a las sociedades. No es un ejercicio académico mayor, sino una aproximación algo populista, que espera motivar una conversación más amplia y, al mismo tiempo, más intensa, sobre los temas aquí discutidos [...] Algunas partes de este libro se basan en entradas de mi blog (evillan.blogspot.com), o han sido escritas para proyectos no realizados." (Prefacio, página 9)
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"About 39 percent started to read regularly at elementary school age, and 44 percent at primary and high school age. As compared to the last five years, 37 percent of respondents stopped reading completely, 43 percent read less, 6 percent read as much as they read before, and only 14 percent said th
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ey read more as compared to the last five years. The more the dynamic of reading decreases, the more the number of male representatives increases (from 34 percent to 51 percent). The more the dynamic of reading increases, the greater the share of young people (18-34 years old) becomes (from 29 percent to 61 percent) The more the dynamics of reading increases, the greater the number of people with higher education becomes (from about 18 percent to 53 percent), while the number of people with a secondary education decreases (from about 42 percent to 16 percent)." (Summary of quantitative research results, page 43)
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"This study of the digital storytelling (DST) project at the South Asia Hub of the Pathways of Women’s Empowerment Research Programme Consortium examines the capacity of DST practice to articulate women’s diverse experiences of empowerment, given the genre’s formalities and narrative guideline
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s. I challenge notions that DST mediation is limited to relationships between the storyteller and the technology, and instead focus on mediation as a co-creative process. There are at least two overlooked dynamics in DST. The first is how the organisation adopts narrative guidelines to fit their framework and purpose; and second, the social relationships mediating the way actors related to one another in the workshop. I find that the workshop model and specific narrative structure may constrain ways of conveying ‘experience’. Not every participant’s experience or mode of narration is readily suited for DST. On the other hand, participants also report DST as useful for strengthening community relationships and opening up a more self-reflexive space for critical thinking." (Abstract)
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"This thesis operates from the observation that "Decolonising the Mind", i.e. a cultural decolonisation process, was needed after the independence of African countries to support and flesh out political decolonisation. Culture, as shown, played a major role in the mobilisation of support for nationa
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list movements, but after independence nationalist culture was just one among many. In both cases presented here, the most pressing issue after political independence was how to deal with the different identities that had previously existed and were onyl partially cushioned by political and cultural nationalism. Now that the political kingdom had been attained, the different language, cultural and political groups started to ask questions about their place in this kingdom. Although many politicians shared the idea that "once you have a national identity, the question of culture becomes something which flows automatically", it soon turned out to be misguided. Media and education were seen to be the major tools in "decolonising the mind". However, a close analysis of the electronic media in the two cases presented here shows that the policies for promoting national unity in programmes were largely ineffective. Instead, radio programmes, both before and after independence, provided a space to negotiate issues of national identity. This space was sometimes more, sometimes less restricted, but listeners used it as much as they could.
Colonial media had, for all their focus on political control and censorship, accompanied and mediated social change. As described, this happened specifically in cultural programmes, where broadcasters were much freer in their work. However, Northern Rhodesian media were supposed to work as a catalyst to further the process of modernisation, and to help its listeners come to terms with the transition from being 'traditional' to becoming 'modern' Africans. In the Apartheid broadcasting system, culture was used consciously to construct a specific 'ethnic' identity, emphasising cultural traditions of the different language groups. But while the intentions were different, both broadcasting institutions were at the centre of negotiating ideas of tradition and modernity.
Both were also established because there was a need to legitimate the respective political system. Be it the Central African Federation or a 'democratic' "South West Africa/ Namibia", the political models promoted by the authorities could not just be imposed on the people. The radios were established to give reality to these constructs, to make listeners identify with a social, political and cultural space that had been defined by colonial authorities. As shown, colonial ideologies not only surfaced in obvious propaganda programmes but also significantly determined the technical and managerial setup of the stations. While radio infrastructure was formed and reformed to structure that space – by linking three territories with different political and social power structures or, following Apartheid ideology, by assigning each language group their own space according to the homeland system – culturally as well as geographically. As shown, infrastructure mirrored the proposed political models, not just in its technical aspects (i.e., the stations' footprints, transmitting posts and frequencies), but also in management structure. As the Federal Broadcasting Services were subdivided in European and African Services, respectively catering for the whole White or Black population of all three territories, the South West African Broadcasting Corporation separated first Black and White, then subdivided the three Departments in the several language Services, each broadcasting to the designated "homeland". This infrastructure not only formed the whole process of programme production and reception but was also part of it as it imparted ideological considerations. The first order of business for independent countries was therfore to restructure the radio according to the needs of the new nations." (Conclusion, page 274-275)
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"Ce livre présente un répertoire de vingt-six concepts qui décrivent de manière synthetique les enjeux théoriques et critiques autour de la création hypermédiatique, plus spécifiquement les oeuvres artistiques et littéraires conçues pour une diffusion sur Internet. Il accompagne une exposi
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tion virtuelle du même nom, produite et diffusée par le Laboratoire NT2 de l'UQAM." (Introduction)
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"Music is an omnipresent part of the often so-called great Indian election circus and much more than a mere by-product of what is the greatest democratic exercise worldwide. Songs and tunes are an integral part of political communication, strategically used by political actors which are confronted w
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ith an extremely complex and heterogeneous electorate. In the last decades, underlying changes in the media technology and the party system transformed music from a mere vehicle for messages on a regional level to a powerful tool of political advertisement for a nation-wide, professional planed and media based campaign. In course of this study the analysis of both, the historical development of Indian election music and the national election campaigns in 2009, clarify this trend. As part of their media based campaigns the two biggest Indian parties, INC and BJP, used the same song not only to entertain the electorate but – following patterns of brand advertisement – to convey different symbolic messages linked to opposing images of the Indian nation." (Abstract)
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"This introduction is more of an outline than a detailed description of and for intercultural communication. This book should help to introduce students and anybody interested into the field of intercultural communication. The main approach in the presentation comes from the social communications fi
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eld, but an attempt is also made to incorporate interdisciplinary considerations from fields like anthropology and missiology." (Forweord to the first edition)
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"Este trabajo busca discutir las relaciones que se han establecido en la sociedad paraguaya entre el Estado, la sociedad civil y los medios de comunicación como expresión de diversos intereses sociales, políticos y económicos. Al mismo tiempo, también se propone hurgar y desvendar por un lado,
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y por el otro, desarrollar una exégesis, sobre los distintos elementos y momentos históricos, a partir de los cuales se fue conformando, mínimamente, un pensamiento en el campo comunicacional paraguayo. La propuesta atraviesa diversas etapas históricas y se nutre en varios aspectos del desarrollo e impulso de las ciencias sociales paraguayas. Al mismo tiempo, se intenta establecer relaciones entre un pensamiento local, y otro desarrollado fuera del país –o a la inversa–, y que de alguna manera constituyen una propuesta de “rango medio” de lo que puede denominarse el despliegue de unas teorías de la comunicación. Analizando documentos producidos desde el poder durante la Primera República paraguaya (1811-1870), asimismo estudiando cuatro textos sobre el periodismo paraguayo publicados entre los años 1890-1911 (Parodi, Rodríguez Alcalá, Pane y E. Solano López), el presente libro intenta reconstruir y presentar el camino histórico recorrido por aquello que podría ser denominado un “borrador” del pensamiento comunicacional paraguayo." (Contratapa)
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"The first part deals with the increasingly important role of production as project managers, a role which has not been adequately written about in any of the recent literature on publishing. The second part deals with the processes and raw materials used in developing and manufacturing print on pap
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er products. Case studies are used to illustrate why and how some processes or raw materials may or may not be appropriate for a particular job." (Publisher description)
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"This book takes students step-by-step through the process of doing qualitative content analysis. Margrit Schreier show how to: create a coding frame; segment the material; try out the coding frame; evaluate the trial coding and then carry out the main coding; and consider what comes next. She also
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discusses software choices for doing qualitative content analysis. Each part of the process is described in detail and research examples are provided to illustrate each step. Frequently asked questions are answered, the most important points are summarized, and end of chapter questions provide an opportunity to check for understanding." (Publisher description)
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