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Two Sides of the Same Coin? An Examination of the Cognitive and Psychosocial Pathways Leading to Empowerment and Radicalization, and a Model for Reorienting Violent Radicalization

Michael Niconchuk, Kyle Dietrich et al.

Equal Access;USAID (2018), 31 pp.

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Journalism in Times of War

Awad Joumaa, Khaled Ramadan (eds.)

Qatar: Al Jazeera Media Institute (2018), 170 pp.

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Un protocolo modelo de seguridad para medios locales en Centroamérica y México: Una guía práctica

Christa Bollmann

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2018), 25 pp.

"Urge poner por delante el respeto a la vida, a la integridad física, mental, emocional y a la dignidad de los periodistas de medios privados y comunitarios. Pero este principio no se cumple en una región flagelada por el narcotráfico, las pandillas y la corrupción. Informar y opinar hacen parti ... more

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Sustainable War Journalism and International Public Law

Stig Arne Nohrstedt, Rune Ottosen

In: What is Sustainable Journalism? Integrating the Environmental, Social, and Economic Challenges of Journalism

Peter Berglez; Ulrika Olausson; Mart Ots (eds.)

New York et al.: Peter Lang (2018), pp. 199-217

"[This chapter] primarily devotes analytical attention to mainstream news media's ability, or rather lack of ability, to report violations against international public law in the context of war and conflict reporting, and their continuing vulnerability to propaganda and manipulation. In the introduc ... more

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Trauma, Memory and Religion

Freek Bakker, Lucien van Liere (eds.)

Journal for Religion, Film and Media (JRFM), volume 4, issue 1 (2018), pp. 7-77

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Performing Trauma in Central Africa: Shadows of Empire

Laura Edmondson

Bloomington: Indiana University Press (2018), xviii, 348 pp.

"What are the stakes of cultural production in a time of war? How is artistic expression prone to manipulation by the state and international humanitarian organizations? In the charged political terrain of post-genocide Rwanda, post-civil war Uganda, and recent violence in the Democratic Republic of ... more

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Democratic Defense Against Disinformation

Daniel Fried, Alina Polyakova

Washington, DC: Atlantic Council (2018), 16 pp.

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Participatory Communication, Theatre and Peace: Performance as a Tool for Change at the End of Conflict

Valentina Baú

Communicatio: South African Journal for Communication Theory and Research, volume 44, issue 1 (2018), pp. 34-54

"This article presents insights on a participatory theatre initiative implemented in Kenya, with the aim of understanding the changes that were initiated towards the re-establishment of peace between communities. The project was carried out in the aftermath of the post-election violence that took pl ... more

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Taliban Narratives: The Use and Power of Stories in the Afghanistan Conflict
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Thomas H. Johnson

London: Hurst (2017), xxxvi, 376 pp.

"Why has the Taliban been so much more effective in presenting messages that resonate with the Afghan population than the United States, the Afghan Government and their allies? This book, based on years of field research and the assessment of hundreds of original source materials, examines the infor ... more

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Digital Trauma Processing in Social Media Groups: Transgenerational Holocaust Trauma on Facebook

Anna Menyhért

Hungarian Historical Review, volume 6, issue 2 (2017), pp. 355-376

"In recent years, more and more social media (Facebook) groups have been created dealing with memories of the Holocaust in Hungary. In this article, I analyze and compare two groups, “The Holocaust and My Family” and “The Descendants of the Victims and Survivors of the Holocaust” in the fram ... more

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Memorias: 12 historias periodísticas

Bogotá: Consejo de Redacción;Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2017), 249 pp.

"La publicación “Memorias: 12 historias que nos deja la guerra” es una apuesta y un acercamiento a los diversos acontecimientos que se entretejen en las regiones colombianas, a las memorias que víctimas, excombatientes, comunidades indígenas, afrodescendientes, líderes sociales y el país en ... more

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Expanding Influences Research to Insecure Democracies: How Violence, Public Insecurity, Economic Inequality and Uneven Democratic Performance Shape Journalists’ Perceived Work Environments

Sallie Hughes et al.

Journalism Studies, volume 18, issue 5 (2017), pp. 645-665

"Democracies with sharp violence and public insecurity have proliferated in recent decades, with many also featuring extreme economic inequality. These conditions have not been explicitly considered in comparative research on journalists’ work environments, an omission that may obscure important r ... more

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El rol de las relaciones públicas comunitarias en una década de conflictos sociales en el Perú

Luis Urquizo Valdeiglesias

Lima: Universidad de San Martín de Porres (2017), 341 pp.

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Emerging Media and Press Freedoms as Determinants of Nonviolent and Violent Political Conflicts, 1990–2006

Jacob Groshek, Britt Christensen

International Communication Gazette, volume 79, issue 4 (2017), pp. 335-356

"Using aggregate-level data, this study compares instances of intrastate political conflict that occurred in both nonviolent and violent forms. Specifically, analyses presented in this study examine the relationships that exist between diffusion rates of emerging media and enhanced press freedoms in ... more

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When Media is Used to Incite Violence: The United Nations, Genocide, and Atrocity Crimes

Adama Dieng, Simona Cruciani

In: The Routledge Companion to Media and Humanitarian Action

Robin Andersen; Robin Purnaka L. de Silva (eds.)

London: Routledge (2017), pp. 60-67

"Adama Dieng and Simona Cruciani articulate how hate speech is defined, and draw out its possible consequences. Dieng makes the distinction between hate speech and incitement. Incitement is a very dangerous form of hate speech that can trigger violence and, in some instances, atrocity crimes and eve ... more

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Human Rights and Humanitarian Intervention: Legitimizing the Use of Force Since the 1970s

Norbert Frei, Daniel Stahl, Annette Weinke (eds.)

Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag (2017), 248 pp.

"The Balkan Wars of the 1990s, the Rwandan genocide and the Darfur conflict served as catalysts for debates which significantly changed the character and institutional frameworks of international politics and international law after the end of the Cold War. Humanitarian emergencies and grave human r ... more

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Child Protection and UNICEF's Communication and Media Strategy: A Conflict-Related Study from Mindanao, the Philippines

Priti Vaishnav

In: The Routledge Companion to Media and Humanitarian Action

Robin Andersen; Robin Purnaka L. de Silva (eds.)

London: Routledge (2017), pp. 359-368

"The author bases her analysis on five years of fieldwork in the conflict zones of Mindanao, the Philippines, where child protection is of critical importance. She works with the Nonviolent Peaceforce, which specializes in Unarmed Civilian Protection in close cooperation with the United Nations and ... more

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A Story Bigger than Your Life? The safety challenges of journalists reporting on democratization conflicts

Judith Lohner, Sandra Banjac

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression

Ulla Carlsson; Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)

Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 289-302

"This chapter investigates safety challenges journalists face when reporting on democratization conflicts and their impact on journalistic work. It builds on a comparative case study within the EU-funded project “Media, Conflict and Democratisation” (MeCoDEM), which explores journalistic work pr ... more

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Measuring Peacebuilding Cost-Effectiveness

Institute for Economics & Peace (2017), 68 pp.

"1) This paper provides a conceptual framework for counting and categorising peacebuilding activities as well as a hard working-definition of the actions that count as peacebuilding. One of the primary inhibiting factors for assessing peacebuilding cost-effectiveness has been the lack of commonly ag ... reed definitions and confusion about what activities constitute peacebuilding. Without this, it is simply not possible to measure and compare the cost-effectiveness of peacebuilding activities. 2) A comprehensive accounting of global peacebuilding expenditures from 2002 to 2013, using the working definition that was developed in partnership with the UN Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) and Peacebuilding Support Group. This is the first known attempt at comprehensively accounting for peacebuilding activities — without this data it is not possible to empirically assess different peacebuilding strategies and assess the cost-effectiveness of them or individual peacebuilding actions. This data shows that peacebuilding activities are unevenly distributed geographically and thematically and are prioritised to differing extents by international donors. 3) A detailed case study of peacebuilding expenditures is presented to analyse an example of peacebuilding success — Rwanda from the wake of genocide to 2014. This analysis shows US$18.35 billion was committed to peacebuilding expenditures in Rwanda from 1995 to 2014. That means peacebuilding commitments in Rwanda from the international community were at least $27 per capita each year for the past 15 years. This demonstrates that the assistance associated with peacebuilding is not exhausted in the five or even ten years following a conflict, meaning that the success of peacebuilding cannot be judged on whether there has been a relapse into a conflict after such a short period of time has elapsed. If some moderate level of peacebuilding expenditure indeed leads to a reduction in violence, and if Rwanda is illustrative of the levels of peacebuilding required to reduce violent conflict, then the current levels of global peacebuilding expenditure are insufficient to build global peace. 4) A global model of the cost-effectiveness of peacebuilding, based on the case study findings and the data generated from them. Using 20 years of peacebuilding expenditure, Rwanda’s experience as a baseline, and combining this with IEP’s research on the global cost of conflict, the paper presents scenario analysis and a model of peacebuilding cost-effectiveness. It finds that using conservative assumptions, the cost-effectiveness ratio of peacebuilding is 1:16, showing that increased funding for peacebuilding would be hugely beneficial not only to peacebuilding outcomes but in terms of the potential economic returns to the global economy. This means that if countries currently in conflict increased or received levels of peacebuilding funding to appropriate levels estimated by this model, then for every dollar invested now, the cost of conflict would be reduced by $16 over the long run. Projected forward ten years from 2016 this would save US$2.94 trillion in direct and indirect losses from conflict. However, achieving this outcome would require an approximate doubling of peacebuilding toward the 31 most fragile and conflict affected nations of the world. Of course, this does not preclude other important factors for peacebuilding success such as the external influence of other states or the role of political elites, but rather establishes a working framework for resources required for programmatic peacebuilding activities. 5) In order to take this research forward, this paper also provides detailed approaches for a future research agenda to look deeper into the ultimate aim of assessing the cost-effectiveness of particular peacebuilding interventions. Through drawing upon existing impact evaluations on peacebuilding interventions in Liberia, it demonstrates a basic approach to how the cost-effectiveness of specific peacebuilding interventions could be compared within a specific context. However, this approach demonstrates the long-term needs for a fully-fledged research agenda in this area. Impact evaluations are resource intensive and require a very significant upscaling of research. Currently, it is estimated that there are only 61 impact evaluations globally on programmes with peacebuilding outcomes. In other domains such as health or education there are hundreds and thousands of such impact evaluations, which highlights the clear need for more impact evaluations in peacebuilding." (Executive summary) more

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Defending Journalism: How National Mechanisms Can Protect Journalists and Address the Issue of Impunity. A Comparative Analysis of Practices in Seven Countries
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Elisabeth Witchel, Esben Q. Harboe (eds.)

International Media Support (IMS) (2017), 250 pp.

"The research documents how, despite immense ongoing challenges, in Afghanistan, Iraq, Nepal and Pakistan, some important advances have been made to develop joint structures and innovative approaches to defend the practice of journalism. It examines the long road Colombia has followed in the establi ... more

Taliban Narratives: The Use and Power of Stories in the Afghanistan Conflict Top Insights

Defending Journalism: How National Mechanisms Can Protect Journalists and Address the Issue of Impunity. A Comparative Analysis of Practices in Seven Countries Top Insights

Taliban Narratives: The Use and Power of Stories in the Afghanistan Conflict
Top Insights

Defending Journalism: How National Mechanisms Can Protect Journalists and Address the Issue of Impunity. A Comparative Analysis of Practices in Seven Countries
Top Insights