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Media Under Attack: Balkans and Former Soviet Union Press Freedom Review, January 2011 - December 2013

Brussels: International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) (2013), 69 pp.

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Journalists’ Safety Indicators: National Level. Based on the UNESCO’s Media Development Indicators

Paris: UNESCO (2013), 34 pp.

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Internet und soziale Netzwerke in Russland

Russland-Analysen, issue 264 (2013), pp. 2-17

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Western Balkans and Turkey Media and Freedom of Expression Fact-Finding and Scoping Study

Bjørn Erichsen, Rita Naseniece, Dušan Reljic, Günter Seufert, Aleksandra Tomanic, Isabela Uribe

European Commission;Particip (2013), 104 pp.

"The first component of this report focuses on the improvement of the performance of public sector broadcasters. Based on evidence that the team gathered during field research, and the preparatory survey of the existing body of knowledge, 23 main problems were identified in this component [...] The ... more

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Safety and Protection of Kenyan Journalists: Is it Common Sense or Common Cents?

John Gachie

Kenya Media Programme;Hivos (2013), 48 pp.

"This national baseline survey sets out to achieve two main objectives. First, it seeks to shed more light on and generate awareness of safety and protection issues for journalists within the profession and the public. Secondly, it seeks to provide a knowledge-based platform with which to lay future ... more

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Attacks on the Press: Journalism on the World's Front Lines

Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) (ed.)

Wiley;Bloomberg Press (2013), 304 pp.

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WorldCat (7)

Killing Me Softly with His Words: Censorship and Self-Censorship from the Perspective of Turkish Journalists

Esra Arsan

Turkish Studies, volume 14, issue 3 (2013), pp. 447-462

"Turkey is a country where democratization process has been repeatedly interrupted by military interventions in the past 50 years. Censorship and self-censorship have become ordinary practices in the media, mainly due to weak parliamentary representations followed by oppressive coup periods. Yet eve ... more

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A Free and Pluralistic Media to Sustain European Democracy

Vaira Vike-Freiberga, Herta Däubler-Gmelin, Ben Hammersley, Luís Miguel Poiares Pessoa Maduro

High Level Group on Media Freedom and Pluralism (2013), 51 pp.

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China and the African Internet: Perspectives from Kenya and Ethiopia

Iginio Gagliardone

Index Communicación, volume 3, issue 2 (2013), pp. 67-82

"Through the lens of China in Africa, this paper explores the transformations in the relationship between the Internet and the state. China’s economic success, impressive growth of Internet users and relative stability have quietly promoted an example of how the Internet can be deployed within the ... more

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Freedom of Expression and the Internet

Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression (2013), v, 81 pp.

"In this document the Office of the Special Rapporteur endeavors to make available to all States in the region, general principles for the protection of the right to freedom of thought and expression online. These principles are intended to provide guidance to governments, legislative and regulatory ... more

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Media Crackdown in Kazakhstan: The Cases of Vzglyad, Respublika, Stan TV, and K-Plyus

Javier El-Hage

New York: Human Rights Foundation (2013), iv, 23 pp.

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Censorship by Bullet

William Horsley, Jackie Harrison

British Journalism Review, volume 24, issue 1 (2013), pp. 39-46

"It's time to confront the tide of violence used by governments against journalists, argue two fighters for media freedom." (Abstract)

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Soft Censorship: Strangling Serbia’s Media

Jovanka Matic

Paris: World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers (WAN-IFRA) (2013), 29 pp.

"The mechanisms of state media funding in Serbia are used as indirect, and usually not easily visible, “soft censorship.” Soft censorship is used to promote positive coverage of - and to punish media outlets that criticize - officials or their actions. State funding of media is unregulated, unmo ... more

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The PEN Report: Creativity and Constraint in Today’s China

Sarah Hoffmann, Larry Siems

London: PEN International (2013), 61 pp.

"This report arises out of five years of research and targeted advocacy on behalf of writers and journalists who have been censored or persecuted for their work in the People’s Republic of China. It presents PEN International’s findings, compiled by our international researchers and by our colle ... more

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Media in West Africa: A Thematic Report Based on data 1900-2012

Richard Asante, Maavi Norman, Eitan Tzelgov, Staffan I. Lindberg

Kellogg Institute for International Studies;University of Gothenburg;V-Dem Institute (2013), 38 pp.

"The media sector in West Africa has seen significant region-wide improvements, attributable not just to improvements in isolated cases but to general improvements in all countries. Nevertheless, despite general improvement, aspects of the media sector lag behind others, including: 1) government har ... more

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Kontrolle durch Aufkauf

José Gama

Afrika Süd, issue 2 (2013), pp. 22-25

"Angolas Medien werden weitgehend von der Regierung kontrolliert. Mit dubiosen Firmen, die aus dem Nichts entstehen, ermächtigt sich die regierende MPLA kritischer Privatmedien und bringt sie auf Linie. Ausnahme ist allein die Zeitung Folha 8, die ihre Unabhängigkeit wahren konnte." (Seite 22)

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The New Gatekeepers: Controlling Information in the Internet Age

Bill Ristow

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2013), 54 pp.

"Internet companies have become the new gatekeepers of information–and their data-parsing algorithms the twenty-first century equivalent of the stereotypical editor with the green eyeshade who filtered the news before passing it along to readers .. As they have expanded globally, these pioneering ... more

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Journalism in Afghanistan: Current and Post-2014 Threats and Journalist Safety Mechanisms

Copenhagen: International Media Support (IMS) (2013), 28 pp.

"This report seeks to provide an immediate overview of the current insecure media environment in which Afghan journalists work and the threat scenario potentially facing them after the 2014 withdrawal of international troops. The aim of the report is to provide input into local and international dis ... more

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Selective Control: The Political Economy of Censorship

Cristina Corduneanu-Huci, Alexander Hamilton

World Bank Group (2013), 60 pp.

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Pressing for Freedom: 20 Years of World Press Freedom Day

William Horsley (ed.)

Paris: UNESCO (2013), 95 pp.

"The origins of World Press Freedom Day arise from a declaration signed by a group of African journalists who gathered at a UNESCO seminar on “Promoting an Independent and Pluralistic African Media” that was held in Windhoek, Namibia from 29 April to 3 May 1991. Subsequently, painstaking lobbyin ... more