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Panorama des médias en ligne: Algérie, Égypte, Jordanie, Liban, Maroc, Palestine, Syrie, Tunisie

Laurent Giacobino

Paris: CFI Coopération Médias (2015), 78 pp.

"La présente étude, menée entre juillet 2014 et janvier 2015, est basée sur plus de 45 entretiens approfondis, sur 130 candidatures reçues par CFI dans le cadre de sa compétition EBTICAR-Média1, soutenue par l’U.E., ainsi que sur l’analyse de nombreux rapports, articles et essais. Cette � ... more

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Publishing for Peanuts: Innovation and the Journalism Start-Up

J. J. Robinson, Kristen Grennan, Anya Schiffrin

Columbia University, School of International and Political Affairs; Open Society Foundation (2015), 200 pp.

"Our remit was to look for innovative media outlets that are producing high-quality news, that are technologically innovative and that might actually survive financially. Accordingly, we spent three months interviewing media innovators around the world and reading what others have written on the sub ... ject. This report is divided into seven sections: 1) this introduction, 2) our main findings, 3) two sets of recommendations, one for the media development community and another set for people starting a media outlet, 4) an “Innovation Index” listing practices that we found around the world, 5) a description of our methodology, 6) a review of practitioner reports we read, 7) write-ups describing 35 media outlets, based on interviews we conducted [...] We were inspired and encouraged by what we saw. All over the world, independent media outlets are innovating and overcoming obstacles. Globally, start-ups are demonstrating the drive to take risks for the sake of a good idea. The challenges facing these outlets—and the innovations employed to tackle them—broadly fall into four categories: editorial, business, distribution and security. Operating with agility, media start-ups are finding creative ways to gather and disseminate information. In India, Gram Vaani uses a mobile phone social network to connect the rural poor and circumvent legislative prohibitions on radio broadcasting. In Zimbabwe, The Source survives in the repressive media climate by focusing on business journalism. Oxpeckers in South Africa uses geomapping to report on rhino poaching. Crikey in Australia has built a successful business model based on soliciting tips and scandal from the same audience it reports on and Kenya’s African SkyCAM deploys drones to avoid negotiating with police for access to disaster zones [...] Instead of finding a clear model for what works, we found confirmation of many things we knew or suspected. Independent media outlets vary in size, ambition and model. Few have fully succeeded, while many do one thing well, which typically reflects the founder’s particular strength—usually in journalism or technology [...] Most media outlets we found are small, run by a few full-time staff supplemented by volunteers and freelancers, and supported by a combination of grants, donations and haphazard business endeavors. The leaders at most organizations we interviewed were motivated by a desire to produce high-quality journalism rather than meet particular financial or audience goals." (Executive summary, page 5-7) more

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Primer estudio de medios digitales y periodismo en América Latina: Iniciativas, modelos de negocio y buenas prácticas
Deep Insights

Jordy Meléndez Yúdico

México, DF: Factual A.C.; Fondo Regional para la Innovación Digital en América Latina y el Caribe (FRIDA) (2015), 71 pp.

"El panorama de medios digitales en América Latina es sumamente diverso. Existen numerosas apuestas y distintos modelos de periodismo, pero se identifican claramente al menos tres retos comunes a todos los medios digitales de la región: 1. Financiamiento. Los medios digitales tienen como principa ... l reto y preocupación desarrollar modelos de negocio que vayan más allá de la venta de pauta publicitaria y les permita, si no la rentabilidad, al menos la sostenibilidad del proyecto en los próximos años. La mayoría de los medios que realizan periodismo de investigación recibe apoyo o financiamiento de donantes internacionales y ha generado diversas estrategias de fondeo colectivo. Sin embargo, se percibe una necesidad importante por diversificar las entradas de recursos, para no depender exclusivamente de un donante, que condicione la existencia del medio. 2. Potencial digital. Existe un área de oportunidad enorme para todos los medios digitales para experimentar con nuevos formatos, herramientas y hacer mayor uso de la tecnología con fines periodísticos. Hasta inicios de 2015, son pocos los medios nativos digitales que tienen portales 100% responsivos, aún cuando el flujo de lectores desde dispositivos móviles es cada vez mayor y las tendencias indican que seguirá creciendo. Se percibe escasa o nula experimentación con tecnologías móviles, que permitan la geolocalización de noticias o la entrega personalizada de información. Salvo Soy502 y Animal Político, tampoco se han identificado el uso estratégico de drones o herramientas similares de video y recopilación de información en marchas o manifestaciones. 3. Interacción y creación de comunidades. La mayoría de los medios sigue pensando solamente en capturar lectores, si bien se identifica cierta tendencia a crear audiencias participativas y gestionar comunidades. El medio que ha llevado esto a un nivel de experimentación interesante es La Silla Vacía, con su apuesta de crear una red social dentro de su misma plataforma “La Silla Llena”, en donde líderes de opinión, políticos y lectores, pueden crear foros de discusión, debates y generar una dinámica propia de intercambio. Esto requiere, sin embargo, dedicación y entendimiento de las lógicas digitales, y de estar dispuesto a entablar conversaciones horizontales entre audiencias y periodistas. En conclusión, puede afirmarse que los medios nativos digitales que realizan periodismo en América Latina están entendiendo poco a poco la lógica digital. Es decir: desarrollar y publicar contenido periodístico en internet permite no sólo reducir costos de impresión y distribución, sino generar otro tipo de dinámicas que le son útiles a los medios, como elevar el debate público, crear comunidades activas y generar mayor incidencia a partir de información periodística de calidad." (Conclusión) more

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How to Start Your Own Successful Podcast

Christian Cawley

MakeUseOf (2015), 28 pp.

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Advancing Independent Journalism While Building a Modern News Business: The Case of Malaysiakini

Tim Carrington

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2015), 12 pp.

"Malaysiakini, an online news platform launched in 1999 in a country of continuous and pervasive media controls, has taken advantage of a precarious space allowing comparatively free journalism on the Internet. Its success in Malaysia is two-fold: First, it has increased demand for reliable and inde ... more

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Innovators in Digital News

Lucy Küng

London; New York: Tauris (2015), xi, 125 pp.

"Why are organisations such as Vice and BuzzFeed investing in journalism and why are pedigree journalists joining them? Why are news organisations making journalists redundant but recruiting technologists? Why does everyone seem to be embracing native advertising? Why are some news organisations mor ... more

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Blogging Politics in Cuba: The Framing of Political Discourse in the Cuban Blogosphere

Stefania Vicari

Media, Culture & Society, volume 36, issue 7 (2014), pp. 998-1015

"By investigating the content of 62 blogs from four different ideological streams, this study specifically focuses on the Cuban blogosphere to address the question of how political consciousness and potential for collective action may emerge in blogging practice. Findings show that (1) critical eval ... more

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Mapping Digital Media: Global Findings. Digital Journalism: Making News, Breaking News
Deep Insights

Marius Dragomir, Mark Thompson (eds.)

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Program on Independent Journalism (2014), 360 pp.

"The Mapping Digital Media research confirms that digital television and the internet have had a radical impact on media businesses, journalists, and citizens at large. As might be expected, platforms distributing journalism have proliferated, media companies are revamping their operations, and citi ... more

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A Gesture of Compliance: Media Convergence in China

Liangen Yin, Xiaoyan Liu

Media, Culture & Society, volume 36, issue 5 (2014), pp. 561-577

"This study aims to examine journalistic convergence in China. Using qualitative data drawn from the case study of Shenzhen Press Group in Guangdong, South China, we argue that the media's response to the Chinese government's push for media convergence is simply a gesture of compliance. While media ... more

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Whither Blogestan: Evaluating Shifts in Persian Cyberspace

Laurent Giacobino, Arash Abadpour, Collin Anderson, Fred Petrossian, Caroline Nellemann

Philadelphia, PA: Annenberg School for Communication, Center for Global Communication’s Iran Media Program (2014), 45 pp.

"Our research confirms that the Persian blogosphere has undergone significant shifts since the late 2000s as a result of a confluence of multiple factors: state intervention, the rise of social networking sites, changes to iran’s socio-political culture, and personal/professional issues. Our study ... more

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Jornalismo século XXI: O modelo #MídiaNinja

Elizabeth Lorenzotti

e-galáxia (2014), 125 pp.

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Profiles in Blogging: How Bloggers Around the World Practice Their Craft

Christopher Connell

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2013), 30 pp.

"Examines the impact and reach not only of well-known bloggers such as Cuba’s Yoani Sánchez but also the independent Saudi journalist Ahmed Al Omran, who started writing the Saudi Jeans blog as a pharmacy student to improve his English skills and combat stereotypes about his country; Atiaf Alwazi ... more

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Political Communication in the Cuban Blogosphere: A Case Study of Generation Y

Rainer Rubira, Gisela Gil-Egui

Global Media and Communication, volume 9, issue 2 (2013), pp. 153-178

"Blogs have become a communicative alternative for Cuban civil society in recent years. Cuban communities, inside and outside the island, are characterized by substantial ideological differences and economic gaps that highlight the challenges for consensus building and collective action in the count ... more

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Mapa de medios digitales de Ecuador 2012

José Rivera Costales

Quito: CIESPAL (2013), 75 pp.

"El objetivo del estudio es conocer cuántos medios digitales tiene el Ecuador y determinar los niveles de actualización, secciones, hipertextualidad, multimedialidad, interactividad, redes sociales y herramientas multimedia que están empleando; esto permite comprender los procesos y lógicas de t ... more

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The Right to Blog

London: Article 19 (2013), 48 pp.

"In this policy paper, ARTICLE 19 proposes a set of recommendations to state actors and policy makers about what they should do to promote and protect the rights of bloggers domestically and internationally. It also gives practical advice to bloggers about their rights and explains how - and in what ... more

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New Media Entrepreneurs and Changing Styles of Public Communication in Africa: Introduction

Tilo Grätz

Journal of African Cultural Studies, volume 25, issue 1 (2013), pp. 1-13

"Central to the work represented in this issue is what we have called the emergence of new media entrepreneurs in sub-Saharan Africa. These actors generate a multitude of new (and often not easily definable) genres of information as well as entertainment and distraction, but also persuasion and heal ... ing (Böhme 2013). They are often categorized as cultural brokers (cf. Thalen 2011), mediating between dispersed audiences and spaces of communication, and taking advantage of their privileged access to new media technologies and/or advanced positions in the media field. Thus, we propose to refer back to quite classical notions of intermediaries, stemming especially from the realm of political and economic anthropology, such as brokers or middlemen (cf. Boissevain 1974, 148; Lewis and Mosse 2006), interpreting these figures mainly as entrepreneurs who control second order resources such as information, social relations, or channels of communication. In our articles we exemplify the relevance of such a conceptualization for contemporary African media fields, also beyond more functionalist aspects as we discuss their often ambiguous positions as well, caught as they are between contradicting loyalties to clients and colleagues or authorities, and also between professional standards and aspirations on the one hand and the need for income on the other. This category of media entrepreneurs, benefitting fromthese newopportunities and opening new social spaces and realms of creativity, may include journalists, radio producers (cf. Gunner et al. 2011), media technicians, or artists working within private as well as public structures, as well as those who are establishing institutions that offer media-related training, counselling, and marketing. Other media entrepreneurs are, for example, individuals who, thanks to their mass-mediated appearances and particular preaching style, draw large groups of supporters in their role as religious or political actors (Meyer 2003, cf. also the contribution by Sounaye). Examples of such media entrepreneurship also include the rising number of independent media production outlets, studios, or PR agencies doing public or private contract work, and who often profit from the new opportunities raised by national and transnational ventures in commerce and finance which require advertising and publicity. As already indicated, among those who are benefitting most from these new opportunities are many young people, often graduates, who have not always received formal training to prepare them for a job in media production, but who make their way through the various steps of internship, freelance, and contractualwork, often combining severalmedia activities in the press, in radio andTV, or asPRofficers. Some have even been successful at establishing themselves as leading media figures or local celebrities in this field." (Page 49) more

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Chasing Sustainability on the Net: International Research on 69 Journalistic Pure Players and Their Business Models
Deep Insights

Esa Sirkkunen, Clare Cook, Risto Kunelius (eds.)

Tampere: Tampere Research Centre for Journalism, Media and Communication (2012), 125 pp.

"The SuBMoJour study has mapped journalistic startups in nine countries. It has created an online database detailing the business models of journalistic startups that are deemed sustainable (www.SuBMoJour.net) and this accompanying narrative report. The study supports research to date that online en ... more

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National Web Studies: Mapping Iran Online

Richard Rogers, Esther Weltevrede, Sabine Niederer, Erik Borra

Philadelphia: Annenberg School for Communication, Center for Global Communication Studies (CGCS) (2012), 25 pp.

"Instead of defining a priori the types of websites to be included in a national web, the approach put forward here makes use of web devices (platforms and engines) that purport to provide (ranked) lists of URLs relevant to a particular country. Once gathered in such a manner, the websites are studi ... more

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Digital Media in the Arab World: One Year After the Revolutions

Jeffrey Ghannam

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 31 pp.

"Following the revolutions, the battle for the Arab blogosphere has turned from being a competition over accessing the Internet and circumventing government controls to a cyberwar for the predominant narrative through Facebook, Twitter, and traditional media [...] Social media is reinvigorating trad ... more

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Beyond Click-Activism? New Media and Political Processes in Contemporary Indonesia

Yanuar Nugroho, Sofie Shinta Syarief

Berlin: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2012), 110 pp.

"We investigate the extent to which new media impacts upon political processes in Indonesia and the factors that affect it. Reflecting on the Indonesian political systems and structure, and detailing some empirical case studies on new media use, we argue that most uses of social media, including tho ... more

Primer estudio de medios digitales y periodismo en América Latina: Iniciativas, modelos de negocio y buenas prácticas Deep Insights

Mapping Digital Media: Global Findings. Digital Journalism: Making News, Breaking News Deep Insights

Chasing Sustainability on the Net: International Research on 69 Journalistic Pure Players and Their Business Models Deep Insights

Primer estudio de medios digitales y periodismo en América Latina: Iniciativas, modelos de negocio y buenas prácticas
Deep Insights

Mapping Digital Media: Global Findings. Digital Journalism: Making News, Breaking News
Deep Insights

Chasing Sustainability on the Net: International Research on 69 Journalistic Pure Players and Their Business Models
Deep Insights