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A Communication Audit of the Catholic Diocese of Kabgayi in Rwanda

Théoneste Ndahimana

Nairobi: Daystar University, School of Communication, Language and Performing Arts, Master of Arts in Communication Thesis (2017), xiii, 130 pp.

"The purpose of this study was to conduct a communication audit of the Catholic Diocese of Kabgayi with a view to establishing the effectiveness of communication strategies used by Kabgayi Diocese in resource mobilization. The objectives of this study were: firstly, to establish communication strate ... gies utilized by Kabgayi Diocese for local resource mobilization; Secondly, to assess how well the current communications flow is working in supporting the local resource mobilization; and thirdly, to establish the laity's perception regarding the communication strategies used by Kabgayi Diocese for local resource mobilization. The study revealed that the clergy of Kabgayi Diocese mobilize local resources in collaboration with some church's leaders from the laity. It has been recommended that the clergy and laity leaders should mobilize local resources frequently. The study further established that face-to-face group communication, the bishop's pastoral letter, the letters to individuals or families were the most used communication approaches currently in local resource mobilization and should, as a recommendation, be combined with other new communication approaches, such as, radio, television, newsletter, event fundraising, notice boards, and social media, especially WhatsApp. The study found out that there was lack of a resource mobilization strategic plan and a communication plan to support it at the parish and diocesan level. Therefore, the formulation of these two kinds of strategic plans has been perceived as a matter of urgency for Kabgayi Diocese. The study revealed that the amount of information currently received by the laity on local resource mobilization and related themes was not adequate. The study established that the information flow about local resource mobilization was predominantly one-way, downward communication. As a recommendation, upward and horizontal communication flows should be also encouraged by Kabgayi Diocese in resource mobilization. The study established that the laity was little involved in decision-making regarding the church's activities aiming at mobilizing domestic resources. To increase the laity's commitment and their sense of ownership, the Kabgayi Dioecese has been recommended to involve the laity more in decision-making regarding resource mobilization." (Abstract) more

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Freedom on the Net 2017: Manipulating Social Media to Undermine Democracy
Deep Insights

Sanja Kelly, Mai Truong, Adrian Shahbaz, Madeline Earp, Jessica White (eds.)

Washington, DC; New York: Freedom House (2017), 1060 pp.

"Governments around the world have dramatically increased their efforts to manipulate information on social media over the past year. The Chinese and Russian regimes pioneered the use of surreptitious methods to distort online discussions and suppress dissent more than a decade ago, but the practice ... more

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Country Reports 2017

Celia Collins (ed.)

Pan African Media Research Organization (PAMRO) (2017), 258 pp.

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Citizen Journalism and Democratisation of Mainstream Media in Rwanda

Dominique Nduhura, Michael Prieler

African Journalism Studies, volume 38, issue 2 (2017), pp. 178-197

"This paper explores the role that citizen journalism is playing in democratising the mainstream media in Rwanda. Through in-depth interviews with journalists from two radio stations and by using the public sphere theory as a theoretical framework, this research sought to answer the question as to w ... more

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ICT Sector Strategic Plan (2018-2024)

Kigali: Ministry of Information Technology and Communications (2017), 50 pp.

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Measuring Peacebuilding Cost-Effectiveness

Institute for Economics & Peace (2017), 68 pp.

"1) This paper provides a conceptual framework for counting and categorising peacebuilding activities as well as a hard working-definition of the actions that count as peacebuilding. One of the primary inhibiting factors for assessing peacebuilding cost-effectiveness has been the lack of commonly ag ... reed definitions and confusion about what activities constitute peacebuilding. Without this, it is simply not possible to measure and compare the cost-effectiveness of peacebuilding activities. 2) A comprehensive accounting of global peacebuilding expenditures from 2002 to 2013, using the working definition that was developed in partnership with the UN Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) and Peacebuilding Support Group. This is the first known attempt at comprehensively accounting for peacebuilding activities — without this data it is not possible to empirically assess different peacebuilding strategies and assess the cost-effectiveness of them or individual peacebuilding actions. This data shows that peacebuilding activities are unevenly distributed geographically and thematically and are prioritised to differing extents by international donors. 3) A detailed case study of peacebuilding expenditures is presented to analyse an example of peacebuilding success — Rwanda from the wake of genocide to 2014. This analysis shows US$18.35 billion was committed to peacebuilding expenditures in Rwanda from 1995 to 2014. That means peacebuilding commitments in Rwanda from the international community were at least $27 per capita each year for the past 15 years. This demonstrates that the assistance associated with peacebuilding is not exhausted in the five or even ten years following a conflict, meaning that the success of peacebuilding cannot be judged on whether there has been a relapse into a conflict after such a short period of time has elapsed. If some moderate level of peacebuilding expenditure indeed leads to a reduction in violence, and if Rwanda is illustrative of the levels of peacebuilding required to reduce violent conflict, then the current levels of global peacebuilding expenditure are insufficient to build global peace. 4) A global model of the cost-effectiveness of peacebuilding, based on the case study findings and the data generated from them. Using 20 years of peacebuilding expenditure, Rwanda’s experience as a baseline, and combining this with IEP’s research on the global cost of conflict, the paper presents scenario analysis and a model of peacebuilding cost-effectiveness. It finds that using conservative assumptions, the cost-effectiveness ratio of peacebuilding is 1:16, showing that increased funding for peacebuilding would be hugely beneficial not only to peacebuilding outcomes but in terms of the potential economic returns to the global economy. This means that if countries currently in conflict increased or received levels of peacebuilding funding to appropriate levels estimated by this model, then for every dollar invested now, the cost of conflict would be reduced by $16 over the long run. Projected forward ten years from 2016 this would save US$2.94 trillion in direct and indirect losses from conflict. However, achieving this outcome would require an approximate doubling of peacebuilding toward the 31 most fragile and conflict affected nations of the world. Of course, this does not preclude other important factors for peacebuilding success such as the external influence of other states or the role of political elites, but rather establishes a working framework for resources required for programmatic peacebuilding activities. 5) In order to take this research forward, this paper also provides detailed approaches for a future research agenda to look deeper into the ultimate aim of assessing the cost-effectiveness of particular peacebuilding interventions. Through drawing upon existing impact evaluations on peacebuilding interventions in Liberia, it demonstrates a basic approach to how the cost-effectiveness of specific peacebuilding interventions could be compared within a specific context. However, this approach demonstrates the long-term needs for a fully-fledged research agenda in this area. Impact evaluations are resource intensive and require a very significant upscaling of research. Currently, it is estimated that there are only 61 impact evaluations globally on programmes with peacebuilding outcomes. In other domains such as health or education there are hundreds and thousands of such impact evaluations, which highlights the clear need for more impact evaluations in peacebuilding." (Executive summary) more

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Internet Use Barriers and User Strategies: Perspectives from Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Rwanda

Margaret Nyambura, Fola Odufuwa, Albert Nsengiyumva, Lwando Mdleleni, Mpho Moyo, Sinethemba Mthimkhulu

Research ICT Africa; Mozilla Foundation (2017), 40 pp.

"The study tested the following hypotheses: the use of subsidised services only forms part of data use; people do not move beyond the use of subsidised services; using the internet first through subsidised services leaves people with less of an understanding of the Internet. Using subsidised data fo ... more

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The Evolution of the Internet in Ethiopia and Rwanda: Towards a “Developmental” Model?

Iginio Gagliardone, Frederick Golooba-Mutebi

Stability: International Journal of Security & Development, volume 5, issue 1 (2016), 24 pp.

"The Internet in Africa has become an increasingly contested space, where competing ideas of development and society battle for hegemony. By comparing the evolution of the Internet in Ethiopia and Rwanda, we question whether policies and projects emerging from two of Africa’s fastest growing, but ... more

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Freedom on the Net 2016. Silencing the Messenger: Communication Apps Under Pressure
Deep Insights

Sanja Kelly, Mai Truong, Adrian Shahbaz, Madeline Earp (eds.)

Washington, DC; New York: Freedom House (2016), 1021 pp.

"Internet freedom has declined for the sixth consecutive year, with more governments than ever before targeting social media and communication apps as a means of halting the rapid dissemination of information, particularly during antigovernment protests. Public-facing social media platforms like Fac ... more

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Supporting the Media Sector in Eastern and Southern Africa Region: Capitalisation of Experiences in SDC Supported Programs, Kigali 24-26.05.2016. Synthesis Report

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Southern, Eastern, Northern Africa and Palestine Division (SENAP) (2016), 22 pp.

"Burundi: even in very difficult situations, SDC partners managed to identify entry points and continue their work. Networking with international media as a source of information is very crucial in such situations. Policy dialogue is also important to work on issues that divide the government and me ... more

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Im Gespinst der Gerüchte

Anjan Sundaram

welt-sichten (2016)

"Journalisten leben in Ruanda gefährlich. Für Kritik am Regime riskieren sie Prügel oder ihr Leben. Von einem, der sich nicht einschüchtern lassen wollte." (Einführung)

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The Inherent Danger of Hate Speech Legislation: A Case Study from Rwanda and Kenya on the Failure of a Preventative Measure

Andrea Scheffler

Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2016), 119 pp.

"Based on the analyses of Rwandan and Kenyan cases, hate speech legislation is not an appropriate tool to prevent harm emanating from hate speech. The empirically verifiable costs of the tool by far outweigh its putative benefits. In Rwanda, opposition politicians are convicted for criticising gover ... more

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Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 2
Key Guides

Deep Insights

Justine Limpitlaw

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2016), xxiv, pp. 295-627

"Volume 2 of the Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa is a practical guide for journalists practising in Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda. The handbook not only contains a comprehensive overview of applicable media laws for each country reviewed, it also contains suggestions on possible law reforms to impr ... more

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Building Capacity for a Changing Media Environment in Africa: A Focus on Training Needs and Gender Concerns

Journal of African Media Studies, volume 8, issue 3 (2016), pp. 247-318

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The Use of IVR to Support Monitoring and Evaluation of Media Interventions: A Case Study of the VOTO System in Rwanda

Lauren Kogen, Briar Smith

Philadelphia, PA: Annenberg School for Communication, Center for Advanced Research in Global Communication (CARGC) (2016), 21 pp.

"This report described a pilot study using the VOTO Interactive Voice Response (IVR) platform to 1) distribute content and 2) collect quantitative and qualitative monitoring and evaluation data regarding a media program in Rwanda. In addition to showing that the VOTO system worked well as a distribu ... more

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Global Information Society Watch 2016: Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Internet

Association for Progressive Communications (APC); International Development Research Centre (IDRC) (2016), 269 pp.

"The 45 country reports gathered here illustrate the link between the internet and economic, social and cultural rights (ESCRs). Some of the topics will be familiar to information and communications technology for development (ICT4D) activists: the right to health, education and culture; the socioec ... more

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Survey on Children’s Readership Preferences and Market Demands for Children’s Reading Materials in Rwanda

Hannah Mathews

Save the Children (2016), 57 pp.

"A qualitative study into the readership preferences of children in Rwanda, from the perspective of over seventy children under the age of nine from around the country, and ten key publishing houses in Kigali." (Abstract)

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Médias et journalisme dans le travail pour la paix

Christiane Kayser, Flaubert Djateng (eds.)

Berlin: Brot für die Welt (2015), 112 pp.

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Freedom on the Net 2015: Privatizing Censorship, Eroding Privacy

Sanja Kelly, Madeline Earp, Laura Reed, Adrian Shahbaz, Mai Truong (eds.)

Washington, DC; New York: Freedom House (2015), 986 pp.

"Internet freedom around the world has declined for the fifth consecutive year, with more governments censoring information of public interest and placing greater demands on the private sector to take down offending content. State authorities have also jailed more users for their online writings, wh ... more

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Nachbarschaftstreffen on air: Brücken bauen in einer konfliktgeschüttelten Region

Johanna Wild

Nah Dran (GIZ), issue 1 (2015), pp. 8-10

"Politische Spannungen und Vorurteile belasten das Verhältnis zwischen Ruandern, Burundiern und Kongolesen. So manch einer verzieht bei der Vorstellung ins Nachbarland einreisen zu müssen, das Gesicht. Das Spukgespenst des bösen Nachbarn verbreiten und verstärken nicht zuletzt die Medien. Doch e ... more

Freedom on the Net 2017: Manipulating Social Media to Undermine Democracy Deep Insights

Freedom on the Net 2016. Silencing the Messenger: Communication Apps Under Pressure Deep Insights

Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 2 Key Guides Deep Insights

Freedom on the Net 2017: Manipulating Social Media to Undermine Democracy
Deep Insights

Freedom on the Net 2016. Silencing the Messenger: Communication Apps Under Pressure
Deep Insights

Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 2
Key Guides

Deep Insights