"This collection of essays explores current issues surrounding the media and conflict in the Twenty-first Century. Essays will look at the role of evolving media technologies, the globalization of television and communications, public diplomacy, gender and war coverage, terrorism, and other issues."
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(Publisher description)
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"Während die Untersuchung von Kriegsberichterstattung und Propaganda auf eine lange Tradition in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung zurückblicken kann, gibt es bislang erst wenige empirische Untersuchungen, welche die Berichterstattung über Nachkriegs- und Friedensprozesse zum Gegenstand habe
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n. Das vorliegende Buch untersucht diese Fragen unter einer dezidiert sozialpsychologischen Perspektive und enthält sowohl theoretische als auch empirische Arbeiten, in denen die Rolle der Medien in Kriegs- und Nachkriegssituationen aus drei Perspektiven beleuchtet wird: Produktionsbedingungen, Medieninhalt und Rezeption. Ausgehend von sozialpsychologischen Theorien und empirischen Befunden über Kriegsberichterstattung und Propaganda werden Konzepte einer konstruktiven Konfliktberichterstattung entwickelt und zu den Produktionsbedingungen von Journalismus in Beziehung gesetzt. Im Mittelpunkt des Projektes stehen vier empirische Untersuchungsfelder: (1) die Untersuchung der deutschen Presseberichterstattung über Frankreich von 1946 bis 1970, (2) die Untersuchung der deutschen, griechischen und serbischen Berichterstattung über Jugoslawien nach dem Sturz von Miloševiæ, (3) die Untersuchung der Akzeptanz deeskalationsorientierter Berichterstattung und ihrer Auswirkungen auf die mentalen Modelle der Leser, (4) die Untersuchung der Produktionsbedingungen von Konfliktberichterstattung." (Einleitung, Seite 7)
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"What follows from the analysis of the surveyed cases is a high level of variety of public television activity on the regional level. This clearly depends on the size and population of different countries, on the central and local administrative organization, on the level of linguistic homogeneity a
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nd from a series of historical, political and cultural factors. For this reason is difficult to talk of variable models of public regional television. In reality, however, there is an important factor of comparison, which allows us to subdivide the surveyed cases in two large categories how we did in the first step report: the statute of regional television centres in terms of independence or organic dependence on the national television companies. In Bosnia, Denmark, Greece, Netherland, Portugal, Russia and Serbia there are public regional television centres independent from national television companies. In Albania, Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Ireland and Slovenia there are regional centres, which constitute an organic and integrated part of the national television companies. Where regional public televisions are independent in some cases they broadcast only to the regional population as in Denmark, Portugal, Netherland, Finland, Russia, in other cases they broadcast at national level as in Belgium and Greece. Where regional public televisions are local branch of national companies in some case they produce only for regional transmissions as in Albania and Finland, in other cases they produce also for national public television channels as in Czech Republic and Sweden. In the case of Portugal, regional television centres are independent companies, owned in part by national public television, and they produce programs also for the international public channel to reach the “diaspora” of regional population. A second factor of comparison concerns the relationship between the regional television centres and the regional political, cultural, and social context. In some cases the relationship is important as in Bosnia, Portugal, Belgium, Russia, Serbia in other are not evident as in Ireland, Netherlands, Sweden, Finland. A third factor of comparison concern the extension of regional broadcasting activities. In some cases the regional activity is limited to some daily news broadcasted in a window inside the national programs as in Finland and Ireland, in other cases it concern a more or less wide range of programs of various genres as in Netherlands, Denmark, Russia, Portugal. In correspondence to that dimension there are differences of the economic resources at disposal of each regional television." (Introduction, page 2-3)
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"This report represents the first attempt by a nongovernmental organisation (NGO) to appraise the media-development work of OSCE in the field. It is the outcome of a project designed by Press Now, an NGO based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. For the past decade, Press Now has assisted media in the co
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untries of the Balkans and Eastern Europe, working with funds from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture a nd Science, and the European Agency for Reconstruction, as well as from other governments and private donors. With its experience of cooperating with many OSCE field missions and offices, Press Now believes that the importance of the OSCE’s activities in media development merit this methodical survey. Despite many differences in mandate, resources and context, the OSCE operations analysed in this report reveal a number of distinctive achievements and patterns. Unless these patterns are more widely discussed, there is a risk that the OSCE will not draw the lessons that are offered by its own experience. Press Now hopes that this report will help to catalyse such discussion." (Preface, page 5)
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"USAID’s assistance to the media sector, implemented through the International Research and Exchanges Board (IREX), directly contributed to the creation and continued functioning of two Kosovo-wide independent television stations, the terrestrial transmission network, and the news agency KosovaLiv
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e. Continued high levels of effort focused on TV21 and KTV, however, have overshadowed other important aspects of its Kosovo Independent Media Program (KIMP). This also created a continuing sense of entitlement by the larger recipients that has negated, to a large extent, IREX efforts to help them become self-sufficient and to improve the quality of their product. With the significant reduction in funding expected by USAID/Kosovo to implement its 2004-2008 strategy, the Assessment Team recommends that USAID refocus its assistance on strengthening the media as an integral system¾one that provides timely and quality information to citizens and which fulfills the media’s critical watchdog role." (Executive summary, pages iv-v)
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"ERNO is in the opinion of all directors and leading editors I talked to for the purpose of this report a very important tool, not only for the exchange of news in the not so far very troubled region of Europe, but is also a very suitable mechanism for starting an even more productive and widespread
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cooperation between public broadcasters in SE Europe. The ERNO news exchange has established itself as an “irretrievable source” of TV news between the countries in South East Europe in a very short time. Currently it produces more than 1000 items annually with the quality of the exchanged items (content and shooting) improved considerably from year to year. Although some differences in quality still exist, the overall quality of the offered news items is in accordance with prevailing EBU standards. Beyond the news exchange, the ERNO mission should be the promotion of co-productions, professionalism in all fields of TV production: journalistic skills, editing, shooting etc. and reinvention of the traditional cooperation between public broadcasters in the region." (Conclusion and recommendations, page 20)
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"This study, ‘Media Operations during SALW Control Interventions’ attempts to encapsulate best practices for dealing with mass media outlets when implementing SALW [Small arms and light weapons] control projects. It draws on a number of communication and media operation’s studies, but draws it
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s major lessons from case studies of communication during SALW control programmes conducted in South East Europe from 2001 to 2003. The first section of this report sets out the principles for effective media work during SALW control interventions, and offers useful tools for applying them. The case studies from which the principles are derived have been included in Section Two. They summarise the experiences of project staff that have worked with the media during the recent micro-disarmament interventions in the region." (Page 1)
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