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Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
29
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
19
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
16
Media Law & Regulation
14
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
13
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
13
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
13
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
9
Journalism Education & Training
9
Press Landscapes
8
Television
8
Media Use, Media Consumption
7
Internet
7
Social Media in Political Communication
7
Social Media
7
Television Landscapes
7
Politics and Media
7
Democracy / Democratization and Media
7
Al-Jazeera
7
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
6
Mobile Phone Use
6
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
6
Satellite Television
6
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
6
Political Transition and Media
6
Islam and Communication
6
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
5
Audiences & Users
5
Arab Cinema, Middle Eastern Cinema
5
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
5
Media / Communication Control
5
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
5
Digital & Information Literacy
5
International Communication
5
Radio
5
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
4
Censorship
4
Twitter & Microblogs
4
ICT Industries & Markets
4
ICT Regulation
4
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
4
Journalism Ethics
4
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
4
Female Journalists & Media Workers
4
Feminism & Communication
4
Journalism
4
Radio Landscapes
4
Influence of Media on Politics
4
Islamist Communications & Media
4
Muslim Digital Media & Online Communities
4
Muslim Television Broadcasting
4
Internet & Social Media Use: Women
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
3
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
3
Children's Television Programmes
3
Television Programme & Format Trade
3
Editorial Independence
3
Freedom of Expression
3
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
3
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
3
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
3
War Reporting
3
Ecological Footprint & Sustainability of Digitalization, E-Waste & Recycling
3
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
3
Mobile Phone Markets
3
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
3
COVID-19 Communication
3
Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
3
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
3
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
3
Associations & Networks of Journalists
3
Journalistic Quality
3
Journalists
3
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
3
Labour Market for Journalists
3
Television News
3
News Agencies
3
Election Reporting
3
Media & Communication Policies
3
Media & Information Literacy
3
Media Management
3
Politics
3
Religious Television Programmes
3
Television Programmes & Genres
3
Reality Television Programmes & Daily Talks
3
Television Talk Shows
3
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
2
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
2
Advertising Markets & Industries
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
2
Area & Regional Studies
2
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
2
Television Use: Children
2
Media Use: Entertainment
2
Media Use: Youth
2
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
2
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
2
Book Publishing
2
Christian Television
2
African Cinema
2
Film Industries
2
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
2
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
2
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
2
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
2
Arabic culture
2
Social Change & Media / Communication
2
Digital Entrepreneurs, Tech Entrepreneurs
2
Digital Media Landscapes
2
E-Governance, E-Democracy
2
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
2
Digital Political Communication
2
Internet Markets
2
Open Access Publishing
2
Blogging, Blogs
2
Facebook
2
YouTube
2
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
2
Digitalization, Environment & Sustainable Development
2
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
2
ICT Indicators
2
LGBT & Communication / Media
2
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
2
Economics of Media
2
Media Clusters
2
Media Concentration
2
Television Markets
2
Media Ownership
2
Curricula: School Education
2
Open, Distance and Digital Education (ODDE)
2
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
2
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
2
Defamation Law & Regulation
2
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
2
Gender & Religious Communication
2
Women's Magazines, Women's Press
2
History (General)
2
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
2
Foreign News, International News
2
Foreign Television Programmes
2
United Nations (UN)
2
Journalism Education Curricula
2
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
2
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
2
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Arabic Language
2
Television Policies
2
Media Literacy: Youth
2
Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
2
Accountability & Transparency
2
Democratization
2
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
2
Political Communication
2
Public Spheres
2
Press
2
Islam
2
Judaism and Communication
2
Religion and Politics
2
Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
2
Research in Media & Communication
2
Society
2
Civil Society
2
Telecommunication Infrastructure
2
Television Channels
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Media Assistance: Access to Public Information
1
Flow of Information
1
Advertising
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
1
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Agriculture
1
Environmental & Land Conflicts
1
Land Property, Land Grabbing, Land Reforms
1
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
1
Book Reading Habits, Book Readers, Book Consumption
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Gaming: Uses & Effects
1
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
1
Media Use: Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups
1
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
1
Music Consumption & Use
1
Print Media Use, Press Readers
1
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
1
Reading, Reading Habits, Reading Skills
1
Religious Media Use, Religious Media Audiences
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
1
Book Policies (National & International)
1
Literary / Fiction Book Publishing
1
Professional, Specialist & Technical Books
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Election Campaigns
1
Catholic Church
1
Catholic Church: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
1
Child Migrants, Child Refugees, Child Diasporas
1
Children's Media
1
Media Reception & Effects: Children
1
Street Children
1
Christian Minorities
1
Digital & Social Media Pastoral
1
Homiletics, Preaching, Sermons
1
Persecution of / Violence Against Christians
1
Sects
1
Cinema
1
Cinema in the Global South & Third Cinema
1
Female Film Actors, Directors & Producers
1
Comedies
1
Educational Films & Videos
1
Film Markets
1
Film Training & Film Schools
1
Latin American Cinema
1
Transnational Film Co-Productions
1
Communication Rights
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
1
Intellectual Property
1
Plagiarism
1
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
1
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Press Releases & Press Conferences
1
Public Relations Education, Public Relations Training
1
Graffiti, Wall Paintings, Street Art
1
Participatory Communication
1
Armed Conflicts
1
Ethnic Conflicts
1
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
1
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
1
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
1
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
1
Architecture
1
Religious Art
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
1
Creative & Cultural Industries
1
Cultural Studies
1
Culture (General)
1
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
1
Poetry
1
Religious Literature & Religious Motifs in Literature
1
Religion and Culture
1
Development Assistance
1
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
1
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
1
Influence of Media on Development Aid
1
Digital Businesses
1
Digital Media, Internet & Religion
1
Digital Skills, Digital Production Skills
1
Digital & Social Media Effects
1
Governance & Accountability: Role of Digital Communication
1
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
1
Internet / ICTs and Social Change
1
Political Blogging
1
WhatsApp
1
Streaming Media
1
Digital Industrial Policies
1
Female ICT Sector Personnel / Professionals
1
Diaspora Media
1
Ethnic Radios, Minority Radios
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
1
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Libraries
1
Library Cataloguing & Classification
1
Media Industries
1
Music Industries & Markets
1
Media Markets
1
Press Markets
1
Radio Markets
1
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
1
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
1
Political Economy of Media
1
Religion and Economics
1
Educational Radio Programmes
1
Educational Television
1
Literacy, Literacy Campaigns, Postliteracy, Alphabetisation Policies
1
Entertainment and Media / Communication
1
Gaming, Video Games
1
Humour, Parody, Satire
1
Political Parody and Satire
1
Docudrama
1
Television Entertainment: Audiences
1
Tourism & Travel
1
Climate, Climate Change, Climate Change Adaptation
1
Ethics in Media & Communication
1
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
1
Gender & Television
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Gender Relations
1
Women (General)
1
Innovations
1
Health Communication
1
Counselling
1
Food, Food Security, Nutrition
1
Health Communication & Campaigns: Youth
1
HIV / AIDS Communication
1
Vaccination Campaigns & Vaccine Hesitancy
1
History of Communication: Islam
1
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
1
Adaptation of Media Products to Other Countries / Cultural Contexts
1
Intercultural Dialogue
1
Africa: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
Foreign ICT & Telecommunication Investments & Ownership
1
International News Flow
1
Globalisation of Media
1
Image Abroad
1
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
1
Transnational Television, International Television
1
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
1
China: Foreign Policy, Foreign Investments, Development Assistance
1
Foreign Policies
1
Francophonie
1
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
1
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
1
Exiled Journalists
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
1
Political Reporting
1
Judaism: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Religious Journalism, Religion News
1
Television Journalism
1
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Language and Media
1
Translations & Translating
1
Media Assistance
1
Media Assistance: Interaction with Foreign Policies
1
Media Development Indicators
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
1
Media, Mass Media
1
Organizational Communication, Institutional Communication
1
Media Literacy: Curricula
1
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Human Rights
1
Human Rights Violations
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
1
Sharia, Fatwas
1
Media Outlets, Media Associations
1
BBC
1
Radio Sawa
1
Diasporas
1
Music Videos
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Blind & Visually Impaired People
1
Deaf & Hard of Hearing People
1
Clientelism
1
Coup d'Etat
1
Conservatism
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Political Resistance
1
Failed States
1
Political Transition
1
Agenda Setting
1
Election Campaigns: Social Media
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
1
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Propaganda
1
Watchdog Role of the Media
1
Magazines
1
National Press
1
Newspapers
1
Public Media, State Media
1
Public Service Broadcasting
1
Youth Radio Programmes, Youth Radio Stations, School Radios
1
Satellite Radios
1
Media Effects
1
Manipulation
1
Uses-And-Gratifications Approach
1
Religion and Communication
1
Taliban
1
Hinduism and Communication
1
Jihad
1
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
1
Muslim Cinema & Film Representation of Islam
1
Religion (General)
1
Religion and Society
1
Religious History
1
Religious Movements
1
Religious Practice
1
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
1
Corruption & Combating Corruption
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Society & Media, Media Sociology
1
Informatics
1
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Television Transmitters
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Mobile Phone Apps
1
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
1
Telephone
1
Cable Television
1
Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
1
China Global Television Network, CGTN (formerly China Central Television, CCTV)
1
Television Networks
1
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
1
Visual Communication
1
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Youth and Media
1
Youth & Digital Media
1
Youth & Television
1
Youth Television Programmes
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
"Jamal Khashoggi is known for his very sharp critics to Saudi Arabian Governments. He was murdered at the Consulate facility of Saudi Arabia in Istanbul-Turkey. The case has become a concern of international society, put the questions of freedom of expression and press as well the security of journa ... more

Online Supplement to Working Paper 2018.1. Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation

Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute;Computational Propaganda Research Project (2018), 81 pp.
"These are the background case notes complied for MEMO 2018.1: Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation. For details on the methods behind this content analysis please see the methodology section of the report. This document contains data from over 500 s ... more

Media Use in the Middle East: A Five-Year Retrospection

Qatar: Northwestern University in Qatar (2018), 79 pp.
"The retrospection, which covers Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and the United Arab Emirates, includes the following highlights: Internet penetration has increased in every country since 2013. The biggest increase occurred in Lebanon – from 58 percent to 91 percent in the la ... more

Produire des films: Afriques et Moyen Orient

Presses Universitaires du Septentrion (2018), 386 pp.
"Dans des pays caractérisés par une profusion d’images essentiellement venues d’autres continents, et par une production très inégale, voire inexistante, quels ont été les modèles dominants de production ? Quels sont ceux que les mutations en cours font émerger ? Quels sont les enjeux é ... more
"Governments around the world have dramatically increased their efforts to manipulate information on social media over the past year. The Chinese and Russian regimes pioneered the use of surreptitious methods to distort online discussions and suppress dissent more than a decade ago, but the practice ... more
"Satellite TV and the Internet revolutions have reinvigorated religious discourse in public spaces. Across the world, religious TV channels and Internet religious websites have taken up the roles of traditional religious spaces such as churches, mosques, synagogues, gurdwaras and temples. Islamic re ... more
"This edited volume offers the first extended, cross-disciplinary exploration of the cumulative problems and increasing importance of various forms of media in the Middle East. Leading scholars with expertise in Middle Eastern studies discuss their views and perceptions of the media’s influence on ... more

Journalists in the UAE

Worlds of Journalism Study (2017), 5 pp.
"With regards to professional role orientations, journalists in the UAE found it most important to educate the audience, to influence public opinion, to promote tolerance and cultural diversity, to tell stories about the world, and to support government policy. Still, more than two out of five respo ... more

Media Use in the Middle East: A Seven-Nation Survey

Qatar: Northwestern University in Qatar;Harris Interactive (2017), 139 pp.
"Compared to five years ago, internet penetration rose in all six countries surveyed and most dramatically in Jordan, Lebanon, and Tunisia. Smartphone ownership tracks closely with internet use in the six surveyed countries. Nearly all nationals in Lebanon, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE own a sma ... more

Journalists in Oman

Worlds of Journalism Study (2017), 6 pp.
"Regarding professional role orientations, journalists in Oman found it most important to be detached observers, to advocate for social change, to support national development, to provide analysis of current affairs, to provide the kind of news that attracts the largest audience, to influence public ... more

Auf Sand gebaut: Saudi-Arabien - ein problematischer Verbündeter

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Lizenzausg. (2017), 281 pp.
"This book argues that Internet diffusion and use in the Middle East enables meaningful micro-changes in citizens’ lives, even in states where no Arab Spring revolution occurred. Using ethnographic evidence and taking a comparative perspective, it presents a grass roots look at how new media use f ... more
"Children, defined internationally as under-18s, account for some 40 per cent of Arab populations and the proportion of under-fives is correspondingly large. Yet studies of children's media and child audiences in the region are as scarce as truly popular locally produced media content aimed at child ... more

Humanitarian Response and Media in the Arab Gulf Countries

In: The Routledge Companion to Media and Humanitarian Action
Robin Andersen; Robin Purnaka L. de Silva (eds.)
London: Routledge (2017), pp. 329-340
"Two major media revolutions transformed the humanitarian response to disasters facing the Arab Gulf States, namely the 1991 launch of Pan-Arab satellite TV channels, and the 2010 advent of social media. Drawing on her own professional experience, the author argues that both media revolutions have h ... more
"Maestri and Profanter highlight that the methodological approaches adopted in this volume are both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary. Focusing on the changing relationship between the dynamics of Arab communication spaces and the role of Arab women both in and through the media, the introduct ... more
"This book provides empirical analysis of the day-to-day use of online platforms by activists in Egypt and Kuwait. The research evaluates the importance of online platforms for effecting change and establishes a specific framework for doing so. Egypt and Kuwait were chosen because, since the mid-200 ... more
"The Saudi state has permitted government-appointed religious scholars and clerics and government institutions to refer to religious minorities such as Shia in derogatory terms or demonize them in official documents and religious rulings. In addition, in recent years, government-appointed clerics ha ... more

Disability and Social Media: Global Perspectives

London; New York: Routledge (2017), xxii, 340 pp.
"Social media is becoming an increasingly important part of our lives yet the impact on people with disabilities has gone largely unscrutinised. Similarly, while social media and disability are often both observed through a focus on the Western, developed and English-speaking world, different global ... more

Media Industries in the Middle East 2016

Qatar: Northwestern University in Qatar;Doha Film Institute (2016), 174 pp.
"This report contains the collected, examined, and produced information on the fundamental characteristics of the media and communication industries, whenever possible, in the MENA region as a whole. It typically includes 14 countries from Mauritania on the Atlantic Ocean to Oman on the Arab Gulf. F ... more