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Theory of Change
Florence: UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti (2014), 13 pp.
"This brief discusses the concept of theory of change in the broader sense of the term, while recognizing that it is sometimes defined more narrowly. A theory of change can be used for strategic planning or programme/policy planning to identify the current situation (in terms of needs and opportunit
...
Creating Your Theory of Change: NPC’s Practical Guide
London: New Philanthropy Capital (NPC) (2014), 29 pp.
"Theory of change is actually a very simple concept. Throughout our work and personal lives we have aims, objectives and ideas about how to achieve our goals, but we rarely take the time to think these through, articulate and scrutinise them. All a theory of change process does is to make these assu
...
Pathways for Change: 10 Theories to Inform Advocacy and Policy Change Efforts
Center for Evaluation Innovation (2013), 30 pp.
"This brief lays out 10 theories grounded in diverse disciplines and worldviews that have relevance to the world of advocacy and policy change. These theories can help to untangle beliefs and assumptions about the inner workings of the policy making process and identify causal connections supported
...
Practical Approaches to Theories of Change in Conflict, Security, and Justice Programmes. Part II: Using Theories of Change in Monitoring and Evaluation
London: Department for International Development (DFID); Search for Common Ground (2013), 29 pp.
"The goal of this document is to improve the effectiveness of DFID programmes and the measurement of their impacts by providing DFID Advisers with the practical skills to develop high quality theories of change, to understand the role they play in programme design and assessment. It is intended for
...
"The goal of this document is to improve the effectiveness of DFID programmes and the measurement of their impacts by providing DFID Advisers with the practical skills to develop high quality theories of change, to understand the role they play in programme design and assessment. It is intended for
...
Design Research for Media Development: A Guide for Practitioners
New York: Reboot Design; Internews (2013), 125 pp.
"This is a hands-on reference guide for media development practitioners. It is based on principles and practices of design research that have been long used by the private sector, and grounded in the experience Reboot has gathered in designing and implementing international development projects arou
...
Theories of Change in Anti-Corruption Work: A Tool for Programme Design and Evaluation
Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI) (2012), 42 pp.
"Governments and donor agencies are under increasing pressure to show hard evidence that their interventions are effective and good value for money. Anti-corruption is a challenging field in this regard, with few evidence-based models to draw upon, so both the design and the evaluation of programmes
...
The Message Matrix: A Participatory Programme Design Tool
In: Learning with Community Media: Stories from the Commonwealth and Latin America
Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning (COL) (2012), pp. 99-111
"The message matrix facilitates local stakeholder groups and community members to take an active, empowered role in content development for an educational communication programme. The method enables active participation of target audiences and stakeholder groups in the identification, analysis and r
...
A Guide to Assessing Needs: Essential Tools for Collecting Information, Making Decisions, and Achieving Development Results
Washington, DC: World Bank (2012), xvi, 299 pp.
"A Guide to Assessing Needs offers a much broader perspective than many texts on project management or evaluation. It presents needs assessment within a results framework that applies to international development projects equally as well as to a variety of other contexts. An exceptionally wide range
...
Freedom of Expression, Media and Digital Communications: A Practical Guide
Key Guides
EPRD Policy & Development; European Commission (2012), 39 pp.
"The European Commission has begun to integrate a political economy (PE) approach throughout the project cycle. This guide tailors the political economy approach to the media development sector specifically. Using a political economy media matrix (PEMM) as its basis, it explains how to integrate the
...
Understanding and Evaluating Theories of Change
In: Evaluating Peacebuilding Activities in Settings of Conflict and Fragility: Improving Learning for Results
Paris: OECD (2012), pp. 80-86
"Aid work in relation to conflict and peace is often based on approaches, strategies and tactics that are rooted in theories of change (understandings about why particular inputs or activities are expected to achieve intended results [outputs, outcomes and impacts]) that are unstated or ill-defined.
...
Peacebuilding with Impact: Defining Theories of Change
London: Care International (2012), 12 pp.
"Focusing on theories of change can improve the effectiveness of peacebuilding interventions. A review of 19 peacebuilding projects in three conflict-affected countries found that the process of articulating and reviewing theories of change adds rigour and transparency, clarifies project logic, high
...
"This research report considers the application of ToC to governance programmes in post-conflict and fragile states. It should be noted that, because of what information is available, the examples reviewed in this report are from post-conflict and least developed (though not necessarily fragile) sta
...
Developing Independent Media as an Institution of Accountable Governance: A How-To Guide
Key Guides
Washington, DC: World Bank, Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP) (2011), xi, 81 pp.
"This handbook is designed for those who may be interested in supporting media development programs, but are unclear about the whys, hows, and whens. It introduces the fundamentals of media development, provide ways to conceptualize and analyze the sector, and helps guide programming based on politi
...
Media in Fragile Environments: The USIP Intended-Outcomes Needs Assessment Methodology
Key Guides
Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace (USIP) (2011), 64 pp.
"Over the past twenty years, media interventions have become an accepted tool for conflict management. Interventions have often proven ineffective, however, because they lacked clear definition of their intended outcomes. This volume presents an Intended-Outcomes Needs Assessment methodology (IONA)
...
Design Th!nking
Lausanne: AVA Academia (2010), 199 pp.
"Design is an iterative process and design thinking is present in each stage of the journey from client brief to finished work. Different solutions can be produced for any given brief and these can differ widely in levels of creativity, practicality and budget. This book aims to present an overview
...
The Community Builder’s Approach to Theory of Change: A Practical Guide to Theory Development
Key Guides
Aspen Institute (2009), 36 pp.
"[This publication] is for planners and evaluators who are going to facilitate a process for creating a theory of change with community-based programs and community change initiatives. It was designed as a “refresher course” for planners, evaluators, and others who have attended one of the Round
...
