Extremism & Hate Speech
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Defining and Diminishing Hate Speech

In: Freedom from Hate: State of the World’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2014
London: Minority Rights Group International (2014), pp. 19-25

Genozid in Ruanda

Message, issue 4 (2014), pp. 36-45
"Bei der Aufarbeitung des Völkermords in Ruanda liefern die Medien kaum Neues. Ihre zugespitzten und vereinfachende Berichte werden dem komplexen Ereignis oft nicht gerecht. Im Interview kritisiert Stefan Brüne überholte Gut-Böse-Narrative und fordert, im Angesicht aktueller Krisen den Fokus der ... more
"Der Umgang mit den Relikten nationalsozialistischer Propaganda ist insbesondere in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland heftig umstritten; dies zeigen gerade die Diskussionen um eine wissenschaftliche Edition von Hitlers 'Mein Kampf'. Die Aufsätze des Bandes beschäftigen sich mit verschiedenen Propagan ... more
"The study examined various sampled media content and interviewed key informants to understand professional and ethical considerations informing media coverage of terror, religious extremism and radicalisation. From the findings, it is evident that the media somehow contributes to the propagation of ... more
"Based on the case study of the cyber war between Russia and Georgia in August 2008, this paper is a theoretical deliberation in an attempt to illustrate connection between the Digital Divide and cyber security. Through a qualitative study of cyber warfare between the two countries, one on the devel ... more
"Young People Combating Hate Speech Online is a project of the Council of Europe’s youth sector running between 2012 and 2015. The project aims to combat racism and discrimination in their online expression of hate speech by equipping young people and youth organisations with the competences neces ... more
"A number of international organisations and NGOs suggest strategies for countering hate speech, but there is limited evidence of successful interventions. There is a general lack of impact evaluations of interventions to counter hate speech. When impact is measured it tends to be done in the short- ... more
"The civil war in Syria is the most important propaganda topic for Islamists in Germany at the moment. Even German youngsters have already followed the calls, left their homes to join the fight and have been killed. When recruiting new followers, the jihadists use videos as a central element for spr ... more
"Given the Internet’s potential for full-spectrum surveillance and information disruption, the marshaling of computer networks represents the next stage of cyberwar. Indeed, it is upon us already. The recent Stuxnet episode, in which Israel fed a malignant computer virus into Iran’s nuclear faci ... more
"Visual images have been a central component of propaganda for as long as propaganda has been produced. But recent developments in communication and information technologies have given terrorist and extremist groups options and abilities they never would have been able to come close to even 5 or 10 ... more
"The dangers of hate speech in journalism are well-known and can have tragic consequences. In response, the Ethical Journalism Network launched the Turning the Page of Hate campaign in 2014 to mark the 20-year anniversary of the Rwandan genocide. As part of the campaign, the EJN has created a 5-poin ... more
"Das Radio galt in Russland lange als Biotop – ein Rückzugsraum für professionellen Journalismus. Die Berichterstattung über den Krieg in der „Volksrepublik Donec’k“ offenbart jedoch das Gegenteil. Manche Radiosender begreifen sich als Verlautbarungsorgane der Aufständischen, Moderatoren ... more
"The Freedom of Expression Institute sought to prepare a module on Hate speech in South Africa with the aim of providing basic insight on the framework of hate speech as an aspect of freedom of expression to individuals, communities, social groups and civil society in general. This comes out of the ... more
"The ability of individuals to openly speak their minds is a core principle not only of American journalism, but American democracy. Even when speech is insulting or disrespectful to others-speech that might run afoul of hate speech laws throughout Western Europe or be banned outright in much of the ... more
"The present analytical list of the most common clichés, stereotypes and examples of inaccurate (or reasonably questioned) information in the media of Armenia and Azerbaijan is based on the findings of a number of joint studies, administered by Yerevan Press Club and “Yeni Nesil” Journalists’ ... more
"Susan Benesch, human rights scholar, genocide prevention fellow at the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, and faculty associate at the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University, has, over the last several years, developed an analytical framework for identifying ‘dangerous speech’ ... more
"The rapid development in information technology during the last few decades has not only given us greater opportunities to freely search for information and contacts. The growth of the Internet has also created new opportunities for criminal organisations, political activists and terrorists to thre ... more