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Narrative Framing of EU Accession on Most Popular Moldovan Online Platforms: A Discourse Analysis

Anja Wollenberg, Marian Vogel

Berlin: Media in Cooperation and Transition (MiCT) (2024), 18 pp.

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Silenced But Resilient: Belarusian Exiled Media since the 2020 Revolution

Berlin: JX Fund (2024), 45 pp.

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Structuring Exiled Journalism in a More Authoritarian World

Mediation: Biannual Publication of Fondation Hirondelle, issue 13 (2024), 6 pp.

"Hundreds of endangered journalists living in authoritarian or conflict countries are forced into exile each year. And the phenomenon is growing. How can we organize collectively to protect them, help them recover and keep on doing their job from the host country?" (Page 1)

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Mapping a Surge of Disinformation in Africa

Washington, DC: Africa Center for Strategic Studies, March 13 (2024)

"Disinformation campaigns have targeted every region of the continent. At least 39 African countries have been the target of a specific disinformation campaign. Disinformation tends to be concentrated. Half of the countries subjected to disinformation (20 of the 39) have been targeted three or more ... times, up from just seven countries meeting that threshold in 2022. African countries experiencing conflict are subject to much greater levels of disinformation—facing a median of 5 campaigns– highlighting the connection between instability and disinformation. Countries confronting disinformation typically face multiple disinformation actors. At times, these actors amplify one another’s misleading narratives, while at others, they clash or stay in separate lanes. Nearly 60 percent of disinformation campaigns on the continent are foreign state-sponsored—with Russia, China, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Saudi Arabia, and Qatar as the primary sponsors. Russia continues to be the primary purveyor of disinformation in Africa, sponsoring 80 documented campaigns, targeting more than 22 countries. This represents nearly 40 percent of all disinformation campaigns in Africa. These 80 campaigns have reached many millions of users through tens of thousands of coordinated fake pages and posts. Aggressively leveraging disinformation is a mainstay of Russia’s use of irregular channels to gain influence in Africa. Russia has promulgated disinformation to undermine democracy in at least 19 African countries, contributingto the continent’s backsliding on this front. African elections provide prime opportunities for disinformation. Some employ mercenary disinfo-ops teams. One private Israeli group, dubbed “Team Jorge,” has reportedly implemented disinformation campaigns to disrupt over 20 African elections since 2015. Domestic actors have also increasingly integrated disinformation into their political playbooks, notably during Kenya’s 2022 and Nigeria’s 2023 election. African countries that uphold presidential term limits (i.e., those with stronger checks and balances) are less exposed to foreign sponsored disinformation, with an average of 1.5 campaigns compared to an average of over 3 campaigns for countries without term limits. This underscores the common aim of foreign disinformation to prop up authoritarian actors." (Highlights) more

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Flight and Fight: Supporting Exiled Media to Survive and Sustain

Isabelle Schläpfer, Rosie Parkyn

London: Internews (2024), 63 pp.

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Winning the Battle of Ideas: Exposing Global Authoritarian Narratives and Revitalizing Democratic Principles

Joseph Siegle

Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2024), 23 pp.

"Rather than selling authoritarianism as such, authoritarian narratives focus on themes that have popular appeal—while attributing a wide range of visceral grievances to the shortcomings of democracy. Authoritarian narratives fall into four broad categories: 1. Noninterference, Choice, and Threats ... to Sovereignty: Narrative attempts to invoke universal themes such as sovereignty, noninterference, and choice which are presented as under threat from the spread of democracy. 2. Exploiting Grievances in the Global South: Tactics designed to attribute the numerous grievances in the Global South to exploitation by the West. 3. Democracies Failing to Deliver: A narrative that takes aim at the efficacy of democracy and, by implication, amplifies the ill-informed narratives about effectiveness of authoritarian governance. 4. Need for a New World Order: Collectively, the claims of Western interference, exploitation, and governance failures are intended to generate disillusionment with democracy and receptiveness to nondemocratic rule. Autocrats use a variety of channels to disseminate these preferred narratives at scale. The four following methods are particularly noteworthy: 1. Social Media: Authoritarians have taken advantage of the enormous—and still growing—social media sphere to promote narratives legitimizing autocracy. They exploit many users’ limited digital literacy skills through information influence campaigns and the employment of bots and online “troll farms” to peddle their preferred worldview. 2. State Broadcasters: Authoritarian actors also disseminate narratives through state media like RT, Sputnik, Xinhua, and China Global Television Network (CGTN). These outlets have the tone and imprimatur of an official news service, giving them a veneer of credibility that expands their reach. 3. Partnerships with Local Media: Authoritarian state-backed outlets aim to embed their content within national information environments. By disseminating preferred narratives through local media outlets and training foreign journalists, authoritarian actors are able to propagate norms of state control over the public information sphere. 4. Foreign Media Cooptation: Finally, authoritarian states are forging partnerships with other state broadcasters. These relationships have the indirect effect of incentivizing self-censorship and enable the intimidation of journalists and activists who criticize authoritarian leadership." (Executive summary, page 1-.2) more

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Analysis of Peruvian Newspaper Portrayal of Chinese Foreign Direct Investments From 2001 to 2020: An Exploration of Factors Influencing International Economic News Reporting

Longxing Wang, Yicheng Zhu, Juan Diego Zamudio Padilla, Ruitong Huang, Zejia Bi, Yue Shu, Haoyi Chen

International Journal of Communication, volume 18 (2024), pp. 2598-2625

"In recent years, the economic exchanges between China and Latin American countries have been further deepened, and news about Chinese foreign direct investments (FDIs) in the region responds to economic reality and the different stages of changing international relations and media characteristics. ... more

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Two Years On: An Analysis of Russian State and Pro-Kremlin Information Warfare in the Context of the Invasion of Ukraine

London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2024), 25 pp.

"This report provides an overview of how Russian state and pro-Kremlin propaganda undermining international support for Ukraine has evolved over the two years since the beginning of the full-scale invasion on 24 February 2022. It outlines a range of semi-covert tactics through which Russian state an ... more

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Capturing News, Capturing Democracy: Trump and the Voice of America

Kate Wright, Martin Scott, Melanie Bunce

New York: Oxford University Press (2024), viii, 294 pp.

"How did the Trump administration capture one of the world’s most important public service news networks? This book uses rare interviews and an analysis of private correspondence and internal documents to explain why and how Voice of America (VOA) became intensely politicized from 2020 to 2021. It ... more

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China, media, and international conflicts

Shixin Ivy Zhang, Altman Yuzhu Peng (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xii, 212 pp.

"This book focuses on China’s media diplomacy and its interplay with a range of international conflicts. It assesses the representation and framing of China, as well as the perception and reception of China’s media communication in relation to various crises and conflicts. Including detailed ana ... more

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COVID-19 and the Constructions of Africa in African News Media

Mphathisi Ndlovu, Maame Nikabs

Journal of African Media Studies, volume 15, issue 2 (2023), pp. 179-198

"This article examines the constructions of Africa in COVID-19-related stories that were produced by African news media. Dominant scholarship indicates that western media generally reproduce and perpetuate harmful stereotypes on Africa. Given that there is scant literature on how African media cover ... more

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Watching Competencies: Malay Women, Turkish Serial Dramas and Islamic Modernity

Md Azalanshah Syed, Christine Runnel, Rosya Izyanie Shamshudeen

International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics, volume 19, issue 1 (2023), pp. 101-120

"This article discusses the emergence of Turkish serial dramas as a site for contestation over the impact of Islamic modernity on Malay women in contemporary Malaysia. Despite its popularity among Malay women, Turkish serial drama has been criticized for misleading and confusing the audience about I ... more

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Hashtag activism: An alternative pathway for the transnationalization of protests a case study of #SaveSheikhJarrah

Nisreen Attaallah

Journal of Alternative and Community Media, volume 7, issue 2 (2023), pp. 157-177

"Digital media have provided activists with communication and organizational tools that have revolutionized the work of social movements. This article contributes to the literature on the role of digital media in the transnationalization of protests by examining a case study of a digital advocacy ca ... more

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Transnational Turkish Television Production and Consumption

International Communication Gazette, volume 85, issue 3-4 (2023), pp. 193-344

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Forced to Flee: How Exiled Journalists Hold the Powerful to Account

Celeste Katz Marston

NiemanReports, March 20 (2023)

"As press freedoms around the globe erode, journalists are building networks outsidetheir home countries to continue reporting." (Summary)

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The Malkevich Propaganda Machine: The Wagner-allied Network in Ukraine

Marianna Perebenesiuk, Jeanne Cavelier

Paris: Reporters Without Borders (2023), 16 pp.

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Putins Armee der Trolle: Der Informationskrieg des Kreml gegen die demokratische Welt

Jessikka Aro

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2023), 397 pp.

"Im Ringen um die globale Deutungshoheit setzt die russische Regierung seit Jahren auf die Verbreitung von Desinformation. Die finnische Journalistin Jessikka Aro hat nicht nur derartige Propagandataktiken aufgedeckt, sie wurde auch selbst zur Zielscheibe orchestrierter Drohungen durch vom Kreml unt ... more

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Beyond Western Afropessimism: The African Narrative in African and Non-Western Countries

Rebecca Pointer

Journal of African Media Studies, volume 15, issue 2 (2023), pp. 151-160

"Although some studies have previously indicated that the stereotypical western mainstream media narratives about Africa may be shifting, this Special Issue highlights the stickiness of the stereotypes, and some of the platforms on which they continue to be repeated. Some of these studies further sh ... more

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Breaking the Silence: The 10 Most Under-Reported Humanitarian Crises of 2022

London: Care International (2023), 28 pp.

"Our 2022 report shows that all of the most under-reported crises are now in Africa. Hunger is rampant and spreading, particularly in East Africa where one of the worst droughts in living memory is causing over 21 million people to face life-threatening hunger. Water becomes scarcer every day, crops ... more

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Is Pro-Kremlin Disinformation Effective? Evidence from Ukraine

Aaron Erlich, Calvin Garner

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 28, issue 1 (2023), pp. 5-28

"Can residents of Ukraine discern between pro-Kremlin disinformation and true statements? Moreover, which pro-Kremlin disinformation claims are more likely to be believed, and by which audiences? We present the results from two surveys carried out in 2019—one online and the other face-to-face—th ... more