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Representing Gender-Based Violence: Global Perspectives

Caroline Williamson Sinalo, Nicoletta Mandolini (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), xvii 314 pp.

"This book focuses on the politics, ethics and stereotypical pitfalls of representational practices surrounding Gender-Based Violence (GBV) from a global perspective. The originality of the volume is linked to its cross-disciplinary perspective as the topic of representing GBV is analyzed across the ... more

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The Routledge Handbook of Media Education Futures Post-Pandemic

Yonty Friesem, Usha Raman, Igor Kanižaj, Grace Y. Choi (ed.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xxvi, 531 pp.

"Combining an innovative mix of traditional chapters, autoethnography, case studies, and dialogue within an intercultural framework, the handbook focuses on the future of media education and provides a deeper understanding of the challenges and affordances of media education as we move forward. Topi ... more

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Global Issue, Global Coverage? How climate change is reported in African countries and countries in the Global North with regard to national issues and international relations

Merle Elisabeth van Berkum

London: City University of London, Doctoral Thesis (2023), 246 pp.

"This research investigates how the global challenge of climate change is portrayed in five African countries, Ghana, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, and South Africa, along with Germany, the UK, and the US. Several studies have investigated climate change reporting; this research adds to the literature by ... focusing on a comparative analysis of media coverage and including questions of historic responsibility and international relations [...] The overarching question guiding this research is: How do the different countries report climate change in comparison to each other, and with regard to international dynamics? From this, the project investigates three sets of more nuanced research questions diving deeper into the analysis of climate change reporting and the influence of structural or content-related issues on the reporting. The thesis draws on sociological approaches to journalism studies as well as postcolonial perspectives. It combines a quantitative content analysis of 1,348 news articles with 18 semi-structured interviews with environmental journalists to highlight the different viewpoints and experiences as a lens on global debates. The study finds that to a large extent climate change reporting demonstrates a strong national and sometimes even local focus, while covering an issue of global scale. Contradicting the familiar ‘Africa is a country’ trope, the research reveals the extent to which climate change reporting in Africa covers a global issue but is reported through a particular national lens of each country, led by the common news values of relevance and proximity. International (power) relations are mostly only reproduced indirectly through a conscious or unconscious focus on specific voices and regions. Additionally, the distinction between ‘active’ countries who contribute to the rising greenhouse gas emissions and ‘passive’ countries that are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change is no longer a reflection of the media coverage. Instead, the simplified classification does not do justice to the complex world that we live in today. Overall, the thesis contributes to the emerging discussion of approaching climate journalism from a critical perspective and relating it to international (power) structures. This approach is not limited to the analysis of climate change reporting but can be applied to other issues, as well." (Abstract) more

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UK Aid Match: Real Aid or Charity-Washing?

Martin Scott

All-Party Parlimentary Group for Aid Match; University of East Anglia (2023), 32 pp.

"UK Aid Match (UKAM) is a match-funding scheme, funded by the UK government, designed to incentivise greater charitable giving amongst the UK public towards projects that reduce poverty in developing countries. For every £1 donated to a UKAM charity appeal, the government also contributes £1 of UK ... aid – usually up to £2 million. This report examines UKAM’s communication requirements and considers their potential limitations, contradictions, inconsistencies, and political implications. UKAM’s overall aim is to allow the British public to have a say in how UK aid is spent and provide opportunities to engage with international development issues, whilst boosting the impact of civil society projects to reach the poorest people in developing countries8. According to the UKAM documents analysed for this report, all participating Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) are required to comply with various communication requirements, to be eligible for government matchfunding, most notably to use a pro bono communications partnership that can provide at least 400,000 opportunities for the UK public to view information about the appeal and the match funding offer. [...] This report shows that UKAM appeals have generally been very successful in achieving their communications objectives. Since 2011, UKAM appeals have generated over 14 billion unique Opportunities To be Viewed (OTVs) by the UK public. These communications include appeals involving Ministers, Parliamentarians or the Secretary of State receiving over 45 million OTVs in 2019 alone14. In just the February 2020 round of UKAM , the ‘value in kind for pro bono communications’ of the 1.7bn OTVs was given as £2.2 million. However, this report also highlights several concerning contradictions with UKAM’s current communication requirements. For example, setting a minimum requirement for generating ‘Opportunities to View’ (OTV) appears likely to restrict the participation of NGOs with smaller marketing capabilities. This limits the extent to which UKAM can achieve its stated objective – in line with two consecutive Conservative Party Manifesto commitments – to ‘give the public a say in how a portion of the UK aid budget is spent. This report also notes that UKAM funding has only amounted to approximately 0.2% of UK Official Development Assistance (ODA) since 2011, while ODA has been reduced to 0.5% of Gross National Income (GNI)18. Given this, the 14 billion OTVs generated by UKAM may inadvertently give the UK public a misleading impression of the true extent to which they are directing a portion of the UK aid budget to their favoured charities. In fact, there is evidence to suggest that – rather than giving the UK public a greater say in directing UK aid – incentivising campaigns to have greater reach may instead be providing greater reputational benefits to government Ministers – who charities are required to feature in their campaigns." (Executive summary, pages 5-6) more

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Globalisation, geopolitics, and gender in professional communication

Louise Mullany, Stephanie Schnurr (eds.)

New York; London: Routledge (2023), xiv, 225 pp.

"This edited collection investigates the linguistics of globalisation, geopolitics and gender in workplace cultures in a range of different contemporary international settings. The chapters examine how issues of globalisation, gender and geopolitics affect professionals in different workplace contex ... more

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Local News Deserts in the UK: What Effect is the Decline in Provision of Local News and Information Having on Communities?

Steven Barclay, Steve Barnett, Martin Moore, Judth Townend

JRSST Charitable Trust (2022), 40 pp.

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How Platforms Respond to Human Rights Conflicts Online: Best Practices in Weighing Rights and Obligations in Hybrid Online Orders

Matthias C. Kettemann (ed.)

Hamburg: Leibniz Institut für Medienforschung; Global Digital Human Rights Network (GDHRNet) (2022), 187 pp.

"Platforms have power. But this power is not unchecked. Governments have an important role to play in protecting their citizens' rights vis-à-vis third parties and ensuring a communication order in which rights are not violated. (And in addition, of course, they need to respect human rights themsel ... more

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Snap Judgements: How Audiences Who Lack Trust in News Navigate Information on Digital Platforms

Amy Ross Arguedas, Sumitra Badrinathan, Camila Mont'Alverne, Benjamin Toff, Richard Fletcher, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2022), 43 pp.

"In this report, we qualitatively examine how audiences who lack trust in most news organisations in their countries navigate the digital information environment, especially how they make sense of the news they encounter while using social media, messaging applications, or search engines. Drawing on ... a sample of 100 individuals in four countries – Brazil, India, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US) – we centre on how they use Facebook, WhatsApp, and Google, based on a unique interviewing approach anchored in their concrete everyday experiences. Participants were asked to describe and respond to what they actually saw on their screens as they navigated these platforms in real time while speaking to members of our research team. This research is focused on individuals with minimal trust in most news sources and below-average interest in politics – a population often neglected in audience research since these individuals tend to be least likely to consume news. However, for that same reason, understanding the way they encounter and engage with information online is of particular importance. Indeed, in line with prior survey-based research (Toff et al. 2021c), we found these individuals tended to be indifferent towards, or even opposed to, the idea of receiving news through platforms, which they said they primarily used for other purposes. What we found is that when they did encounter news on platforms and sought to assess how credible the information might be, they often relied on cues for making quick, in-the-moment judgements, which were particularly important since many of these users rarely clicked through to the original sources of news. The mental shortcuts people discussed, summarised in Figure 1, involved (1) pre-existing ideas they held about news in general or specific news brands (where the information was coming from), but also several other factors: (2) social cues from family and friends (who shared or engaged with the news), (3) the tone and wording of headlines (whether or not it was perceived as clickbait), (4) the use of visuals (which they often saw as important evidence for what could or could not be trusted), and (5) the presence of advertising (whether or not information appeared to be sponsored). Additional (6) platform-specific cues also played a role in shaping judgements about what to trust. These involved design decisions around how information appears on platforms (e.g. what labels appear, what is given most prominence), which in turn affect many of these other cues." (Introduction and key findings, page 3) more

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New Perspectives in Critical Data Studies: The Ambivalences of Data Power

Andreas Hepp, Juliane Jarke, Leif Kramp (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2022), xxv, 473 pp.

"This Open Access book examines the ambivalences of data power. Firstly, the ambivalences between global infrastructures and local invisibilities challenge the grand narrative of the ephemeral nature of a global data infrastructure. They make visible local working and living conditions, and the reso ... more

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The Trust Gap: How and Why News on Digital Platforms is Viewed More Sceptically Versus News in General

Camila Mont'Alverne, Sumitra Badrinathan, Amy Ross Arguedas et al.

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2022), 71 pp.

"Drawing on an original dataset of survey responses collected in the summer of 2022 across four countries - Brazil, India, the UK, and the US - they examine the relationship between trust in news and how people think about news on digital platforms, especially Facebook, Google, WhatsApp, and YouTube ... more

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Who owns the story? Live financial testing of charity vs participant led storytelling in fundraising

Jes Crombie, David Girling

London College of Communication; University of East Anglia (2022), 53 pp.

"This project demonstrates that there is another way of gathering and sharing the stories of people living in poverty around the world. Until now, there has been much positive and enthusiastic discussion amongst INGO communications and fundraising professionals about how to change the way we tell st ... more

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Ageing and the Media: International Perspectives

Virpi Ylänne (ed.)

Bristol: Policy Press (2022), 234 pp.

"Media representations of ageing play a role in stereotype formation and even reinforce them. Encountering these stereotypes can negatively impact the self-esteem, health status, physical wellbeing and cognitive performance of older people. This international collection examines different dimensions ... more

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Cyber security, surveillance and journalism in Scotland

Angela Daly, Elaine Robinson, David McMenemy

Dundee: Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Sciences (2022), 21 pp.

"The report is the output of a RSE-funded project on how journalists in Scotland undertake their work in the digital age from the point of view of cyber security and surveillance impacts. This research interviewed ten journalists from Scotland, from various beats, locations, and employment backgroun ... more

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Reporting the Covid-19 Pandemic: Trauma on Our Own Doorstep

Stephen Jukes, Karen Fowler-Watt, Gavin Rees

Digital Journalism, volume 10, issue 6 (2022), pp. 997-1014

"The political and media rhetoric of the pandemic is that of conflict and a call to arms in face of a hidden enemy. But this is not a distant war where journalists are parachuted in to report on the action for a few weeks and then fly home. It is on our own doorstep. Many of those covering the globa ... more

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Iniciativas de institucionalidad para la transparencia y rendición de cuentas de las grandes plataformas digitales

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 37 pp.

"Este informe elaborado por el Instituto de Desarrollo Digital de América Latina y el Caribe (IDD LAC) describe y analiza diversos modelos e iniciativas (tanto estatales como de la sociedad civil) sobre formas de institucionalidad para la supervisión de obligaciones de transparencia y rendición d ... more

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“I Really Wanted Them to Have My Back, but They Didn’t”—Structural Barriers to Addressing Gendered Online Violence against Journalists

Annina Claesson

Digital Journalism, volume 11, issue 10 (2022), pp. 1809-1828

"Despite rising scholarly interest in online violence as an “occupational hazard” for journalists, we know little about the dynamics that shape the often-limited support given by media organizations to media workers affected by online violence. In this study, I explore how the working environmen ... more

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The Role of Religions and Conspiracy Theories in Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes

Oliver Hidalgo, Alexander Yendell (eds.)

Politics and Governance, volume 10, issue 4 (2022), pp. 132-242

"This thematic issue asks about the role of religions and religious actors and conspiracy theories/theorists in democratic and authoritarian regimes in general. Special attention is given to the current Covid]19 pandemic, since the relevant state of emergency obviously endorses the persuasiveness ... more

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Éducation aux médias en Europe : Histoire, enjeux et perspectives

Laurence Corroy-Labardens (ed.)

Paris: L'Harmattan (2022), 214 pp.

"L'éducation aux médias apparaît comme une des clés indispensables pour comprendre nos sociétés dont les usages numériques sont devenus prépondérants. Elle intéresse le monde de l'éducation, les familles et les politiques. L'Union européenne a, ces dernières années, fortement encourag� ... more

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Remapping Cold War Media: Institutions, Infrastructures, Translations

Alice Lovejoy, Mari Pajala (eds.)

Bloomington: Indiana University Press (2022), ix, 312 pp.

"Cold War media cultures are typically remembered in terms of an East-West binary, emphasizing conflict and propaganda. Remapping Cold War Media, however, offers a different perspective on the period, illuminating the extensive connections between media industries and cultures in Europe's Cold War E ... more

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Civic Participation in the Datafied Society: Towards Democratic Auditing?

Arne Hintz, Lina Dencik, Joanna Redden, Emiliano Treré, Jess Brand, Harry Warne

Data Justice Lab; Cardiff University (2022), 188 pp.

"Digital infrastructure increasingly enables the extraction, exploitation, processing and analysis of personal and behavioural data. Data analytics have not just become the core of the digital economy but also constitute a growing feature of the public sector. Wide areas of public administration are ... more