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State of digital development and trends in the CIS region: Challenges and opportunities

Geneva: ITU (2025), iv, 47 pp.

"This publication offers a comprehensive overview of digital development in the CIS region. The data reveal a region where nine in ten people are online—well above the global average—and where mobile broadband networks now cover virtually the entire population. These are important milestones. At ... more

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Transitional Justice, Vergangenheitsarbeit und Auswärtige Kulturpolitik: Potenziale, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven einer Verzahnung

Barbara Unger, Natascha Zupan

Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2025), 23 pp.

"Wie gestaltet sich das Zusammenspiel von Vergangenheitsarbeit, Friedensförderung, Kunst und Kultur in der internationalen Zusammenarbeit der Bundesrepublik? Welche Verbindungen bestehen zwischen dem eigenen Umgang mit gewaltbelasteter Vergangenheit und der Unterstützung dieser Prozesse im Ausland ... more

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Cybercrime-Trends 2025

Köln: sosafe (2025), 22 pp.

"Die Reichweite der Cybercrime-Branche hat einen neuen Höhepunkt erreicht. 72% aller Organisationen weltweit berichten vom steigenden Cyberrisiko. Der Schaden durch Cybercrime betrug 2024 allein in Deutschland 178,6 Mrd. Euro. Das sind 20% mehr als im Vorjahr. Cyberkriminelle hängen Organisatione ... more

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Künstliche Intelligenz in politischen Kampagnen: Akzeptanz, Wahrnehmung und Wirkung

Simon Kruschinski, Pablo Jost, Hannah Fecher, Tobias Scherer

Frankfurt am Main: Otto Brenner Stiftung (2025), 108 pp.

"Im ersten Teil geben wir einen Überblick über den Einsatz von generativer KI in der politischen Kampagnenkommunikation. Insbesondere die generativen KI-Tools ChatGPT und Midjourney werden zunehmend in politischen Kampagnen eingesetzt, um menschenähnliche Texte beziehungsweise fotorealistische Bi ... more

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Künstliche Intelligenz im medialen Diskurs: Wird soziale Gerechtigkeit ausgeblendet?

Elke Grittmann, Lina Brink, Peter Kann

Frankfurt am Main: Otto Brenner Stiftung (2025), 84 pp.

[.] Auf Basis von über 2.000 Artikeln aus neun reichweitenstarken Print- und Onlinemedien untersuchen die Autor*innen, welche Themen in der Berichterstattung über KI gesetzt, wie Bezüge zu Fragen sozialer Gerechtigkeit hergestellt werden, welche narrativen Muster sich zeigen und welche Akteur*inn ... more

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Redes que atrapan: La explotación sexual de la infancia y la adolescencia en entornos digitales

Clara Burriel

Save the Children España (2025), 94 pp.

"Con este informe, se pretende arrojar algo de luz sobre un fenómeno especialmente complejo y todavía difícil de delimitar, en parte por la falta de una definición única y por la ausencia de datos que revelen su prevalencia real, pero también en parte por la normalización de determinadas cond ... more

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Charity representations of distant others: An analysis of UK charity visual communications in direct mail campaigns

David Girling, Deborah Adesina

University of East Anglia, School of Global Development (2025), 29 pp.

"In this phase of our research on charity advertising, we aimed to examine how INGOs represent distant others in direct mail communications compared to newspaper advertisements, building on findings from earlier studies. While the direct mail format offers greater potential for nuanced storytelling, ... more

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La comunicazione della Chiesa che verrà: Indagine sui giovani seminaristi e social media

Fabio Bolzetta

Todi (IT): Tau Editrice;Associazione Web Cattolici Italiani (WECA) (2025), 283 pp.

"Una ricerca di dottorato triennale ha indagato il rapporto tra i seminaristi in Italia e i social media. L’indagine, di cui vengono pubblicati qui i risultati, è stata condotta sotto la responsabilità scientifica della Facoltà di Scienze della Comunicazione sociale dell’Università Pontifici ... more

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World Radio TV Handbook: The Directory of Global Broadcasting 2025

Freising (DE): Radio Data Center, 79th ed. (2025), 800 pp.

"The WRTH 2025 is the world's most comprehensive and up-to-date guide to broadcasting. This is the 79th edition of World Radio TV Handbook and this great directory continues to offer the most comprehensive guide to broadcasting on the planet. Step into the world of radio like never before with the W ... more

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Redefining objectivity: Exploring types of evidence by fact-checkers in four European countries

Regina Cazzamatta

European Journal of Communication (2025), 21 pp.

"Fact-checking journalism challenges procedural norms of objectivity by providing truth verdicts. By actively evaluating statements and online rumors based on evidence weight, fact-checkers aim for robust, scientific objectivity. Despite this trend, there is a lack of studies analyzing evidence type ... more

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Putting ‘filter bubble’ effects to the test: Evidence on the polarizing impact of ideology-based news recommendation from two experiments in Germany and the U.S.

Katharina Ludwig, Philipp Müller, Nevena Nikolajevic, Alexander Grote

Information, Communication & Society (2025), 20 pp.

"Algorithmic news recommender systems (NRS) are present in many digital platforms. A decade after Eli Pariser introduced the infamous ‘filter bubble’ hypothesis, empirical evidence challenges the assumption that recommendation algorithms predominantly create homogeneous opinion environments. Stu ... more

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African Media Reporting on the Russia Ukraine War

Zaphesheya Dlamini, Samba Dialimpa Badji

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2025), 38 pp.

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The Expanding Media Landscape, Decline in Journalists' Safety, and Low Media Literacy. The Future of the Media in Kosovo – Facts and Trends

Jeton Mehmeti

Sarajevo; Pristina; Ljubljana: Mediacentar;Press Council of Kosovo;Peace Institute;South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2025), 32 pp.

"Kosovo enjoys a relatively good legal framework when it comes to the protection of freedom of expression and freedom of the media. Laws concerning protection of journalism sources, protection of whistleblowers, and access to public information appear to be in line with European standards. The overa ... more

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Satellite Ministries: The Rise of Christian Television in the Middle East
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Febe Armanios

New York: Oxford University Press (2025), xxx, 337 pp.

"Through extensive fieldwork and archival research, Febe Armanios explores how Western evangelicals and indigenous Christians harnessed terrestrial and satellite technologies to promote Christian television in the Middle East. The sixteen channels analyzed in this study fall into three main categori ... more

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Eroding Media Freedoms, Eroding Democracy. The Future of the Media in Bosnia and Herzegovina – Facts and Trends

Anida Sokol

Sarajevo; Ljubljana: Mediacentar;Peace Institute;South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2025), 37 pp.

"Significant changes in journalism and the media have been unfolding in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), yet these shifts have not been accompanied by adequate policies or interventions. This report outlines key trends affecting journalism, media usage, and democracy, highlighting issues crucial for th ... e future of the profession: • The number of journalism students has significantly decreased over the past decade, a trend which could lead to a shortage of qualified professionals in the long run. • Although unemployment among journalists has declined in recent years, 2023 saw a considerable number of journalists lose their jobs due to the non-renewal of fixed-term contracts or being deemed surplus labour. Unionizing remains unpopular among journalists in the country and without protection mechanisms, journalism in BiH risks becoming even more unstable. • Reports of attacks and violations of journalists’ rights have increased in recent years, reflecting a decline in BiH’s rankings on media freedom indexes. • Despite rapid technological advancements, including the emergence of generative artificial intelligence, the media lack guidelines for their use or studies addressing potential abuses in the media. This absence of regulation and oversight increases the risk of misuse and potential harm. • While regulatory and self-regulatory mechanisms exist, they fail to tackle a core issue in the media: biased reporting, which risks becoming normalized in journalistic practices. • The digital era has brought a proliferation of media outlets, including new television channels. The growth of media outlets does not necessarily improve media pluralism, but could lead to smaller newsrooms, increased workloads of journalists and less quality journalistic content. • Print media has been on the decline, and the country’s major political weekly magazines have ceased publication. Without strategic interventions, print media operations will be difficult to sustain in the future. • Media ownership transparency remains unregulated further aggravating media capture. Media outlets are predominantly owned by companies or individuals with business interests beyond the media sector. • The advertising market has grown slightly in recent years, likely influenced by inflation. However, it remains insufficient to support the growing number of media outlets, posing challenges to financial sustainability. • Television still dominates advertising revenue, but online media’s share is steadily increasing, signalling that digital marketing will become increasingly dominant in the coming years. • Public budgets and donor support remain important for sustaining media operations. Without proper regulation, financing from public budgets, however, bring risks to media independence. • Media primarily serve the interests of the three major ethnic groups, excluding minorities from decision-making roles and positions in mainstream outlets, limiting media pluralism." (Executive summary) more

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Circulating Films Online: Insights from Independent Distributors in Europe

Roderik Smits

Rotterdam: Erasmus University Rotterdam (2025), 44 pp.

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More Media, Rising Challenges for Journalists. The Future of the Media in Montenegro – Facts and Trends

Milica Bogdanovic

Sarajevo; Skopje; Ljubljana: Mediacentar;Montenegro Media Institute;Peace Institute;South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2025), 34 pp.

"Since the change of the long-standing DPS government in mid-2020, Montenegrin society has faced political crises. Frequent election cycles and instability in ruling majorities have affected the speed and quality of Montenegro’s integration into the EU, the work and functioning of institutions, an ... d the general social and political environment. After the reconstruction of Montenegro’s 44th government, anti-democratic and anti-European tendencies emerged. These tendencies are reflected in the advocacy for legislation aimed at changing the constitutional order regarding language and citizenship, suppressing criticism from the civil sector, and undermining relations with neighbouring Croatia, an EU member state. This has been accompanied by a decline in trust in key political institutions and an overall unsatisfactory political culture. Although several international studies monitoring the state of democracy, the rule of law, corruption perception, and media freedoms show progress compared to previous years, the current situation in media and journalism is not encouraging. In recent years, institutions have attempted to strategically address the media sector through the adoption of a Media Strategy and amendments to media laws. However, these regulations have not adequately addressed some of the key issues affecting the media landscape, such as media ownership transparency, strong foreign influence in media ownership structures, unregistered portals, and the fight against disinformation. Additionally, they have not implemented new European regulations in this area, indicating that media laws will need to be revised again. The significant increase in the number of media outlets in Montenegro has not led to greater media pluralism or improved journalistic standards. The media market is small, and the launch of new outlets lacks economic justification. The media scene is heavily influenced by foreign actors, predominantly from Serbia. Owners from Serbia control four out of five television stations with national frequency, and two out of three daily newspapers are foreign-owned. These media outlets inevitably influence public opinion and are used to expand political influence, which affects the quality of media reporting and threatens the survival of locally owned media outlets. Year after year, the amount of public funds allocated to media outlets through the Media Pluralism Fund has increased, which is important for their sustainability. The Agency for Electronic Media and the Ministry of Culture and Media distribute the funds transparently, but mechanisms for evaluating the quality of financed projects need to be established. The national regulator, the Agency for Electronic Media, has improved its communication with the public. Recent amendments to the law have expanded its jurisdiction, enabling it to impose measures of varying intensity. While it remains responsible only for electronic media, there is clear potential for the agency to develop into an independent and professional regulator that consistently applies regulations. Current self-regulatory mechanisms in Montenegro’s media sector are not effective, but there is potential for further development in the new amendments to the law. These amendments require media outlets to develop internal self-regulation if they wish to receive funds from the Media Pluralism Fund. Implementing this legal provision must be accompanied by raising awareness among media and journalists about the importance of strong self-regulation. This will help citizens recognize self-regulation as an independent authority capable of improving the quality of reporting and providing a reliable platform for submitting complaints." (Conclusions, pages 28-29) more

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Digital occupation: Pro-Russian bot networks target Ukraine’s occupied territories on Telegram

Yuliia Dukach, Iryna Adam, Meredith Furbish

Atlantic Council, July 16 (2025)

"This joint report from OpenMinds and the Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab) analyzes the activity of a network of 3,634 automated accounts that posted pro-Russian comments on Telegram channels between January 2024 and April 2025 targeting Ukrainian populations inside Russian-occupied territorie ... more

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In Eastern Europe, freeze on US aid leaves door open to Russian disinformation

Romain Chauvet

Washington, DC: International Center for Journalists, February 25 (2025)

"The Trump administration’s freeze on U.S. foreign aid will lead to a surge in Russian disinformation across Eastern Europe, experts warn, as independent media outlets across the region will be forced to shutter, leaving a vacuum of credible information in their wake. “Russian disinfo will have ... more

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The Routledge International Handbook of Online Deviance

Roderick Graham, Stephan G. Humer, Claire Seungeun Lee, Veronika Nagy (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2025), xxvii, 765 pp.

"Covering a wide range of different online platforms, including social media sites and chatrooms, this volume is a comprehensive exploration of the current state of sociological and criminological scholarship focused on online deviance. Understanding deviance broadly, the handbook acknowledges both ... more

Satellite Ministries: The Rise of Christian Television in the Middle East Top Insights

Satellite Ministries: The Rise of Christian Television in the Middle East
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