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Media Freedom, Press Freedom
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Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
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Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
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Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
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Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
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Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
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Legal Threats to Media Freedom
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Foreign Correspondents
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Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
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Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
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Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
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Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
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Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
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Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
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Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
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Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
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Journalistic Social Media Use
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Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
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Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
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Journalism
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Editorial Independence
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Government Communication Strategies
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Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
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Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
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Social Media in Political Communication
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Countering Defamation & Harassment
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Journalism Ethics
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Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
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Journalism Education Curricula
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Photojournalism
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Media Assistance
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Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
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Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
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Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
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Journalists
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Political Reporting
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Human Rights Protection
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Military
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Open Data
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Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
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Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
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Election Campaigns
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Catholic Media
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Data Protection: Law & Regulation
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Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
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Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
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Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
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Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
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State Influence on the Media
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Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
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Alternative Communication & Media
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Terrorism
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Boko Haram
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Iraq War (2003)
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Dealing With the Past
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Discourse & Discourse Analysis
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Theatre
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Digital Media Startups
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Online Magazines & Newspapers
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Social Media
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Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
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Trolling (Social Media)
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Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
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Minority Journalists
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Religious Minorities & Media
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Humanitarian Law
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Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
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Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
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Health Disinformation & Misinformation
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Identifying & Researching Disinformation
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Media Ownership
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Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
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Political Economy of Media
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Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
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Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
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Defamation: Effects on Victims
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Defamation Law & Regulation
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Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
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Bias in News Media
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Self-Regulation of Media
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Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
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Gender Discrimination, Gender Inequalities
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Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
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Good Practice Examples
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Health Journalism
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History of Journalism
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History of the Press
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Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
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Council of Europe
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Associations & Networks of Journalists
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International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
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Reporters Sans Frontièrs
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Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
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Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
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Labour Market for Journalists
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Newsroom Management
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Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
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Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
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Local Television
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International Media Support (IMS) (Media Development NGO, Denmark)
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Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
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Media & Communication Policies
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Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
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Transitional Justice
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Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
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Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
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Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
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Conflict & War Photography
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Hindu Nationalism
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Political Extremism
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Right-Wing Extremism
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Parliaments
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Politics and Media
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Influence of Media on Politics
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Political Transition and Media
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Fundamentalisms (Religious)
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Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
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Human Security
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Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
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Rohingya
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Al-Jazeera
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Online Harassment of Journalists in Zimbabwe: Experiences, Coping Strategies and Implications
In: New Journalism Ecologies in East and Southern Africa: Innovations, Participatory and Newsmaking Cultures
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), pp. 95-111
"This chapter examines the safety risks faced by Zimbabwean journalists as they conduct their day-to-day professional work in online spaces. Given that journalists in Africa are increasingly utilising and adopting social media tools for news production and distribution, it is timely to examine the d
...
Arab authorities use digital surveillance to control press freedom: Journalists’ perceptions
Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, volume 25, issue 3 (2023), pp. 250-266
"The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent of digital surveillance by Arab authorities, which face risks and threats of surveillance, and how journalists seek to press freedom by using tools and techniques to communicate securely. Design/methodology/approach: The study used focus group
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Workplace Happiness, Journalism and COVID-19 in South Asia
"This chapter explores some of the positive strategies employed by South Asian media institutions to enhance workplace happiness and help journalists to cope with stress and traumatic experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Happiness is crucial for media institutions because journalism is one of t
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What it's like to be a journalist in the Sahel
Paris: Reporters Without Borders (2023), 39 pp.
Impact of Job Risks on Job Performance and Propensity to Quit Journalism among Television Camerapersons Covering Conflicts in Nigeria
Electronic News, volume 17, issue 2 (2023), pp. 76-92
"This study examined the impact of job risks on job performance and the propensity to quit journalism among 576 TV camerapersons covering insecurity in Nigeria. The result of the study showed a significant main effect of job risks on job performance, F(2,548)*=*241.016, p*=*.001, eta squared, *p2*=*
...
Uncensored journalism in censored times: Challenges of reporting on Azerbaijan
Journalism, volume 24, issue 2 (2023), pp. 313–327
"Azerbaijan is an authoritarian regime, whose government maintains a tight grip over the media landscape. Independent and opposition media are regularly persecuted, with journalists and their family members intimidated by law enforcement agencies via arrests, beating, threats and other forms of pers
...
Modeling safety challenges journalists faced in reporting anti-police brutality protests (ENDSARS protests) in Nigeria
Information Development, volume 29, issue 3 (2023), pp. 344-356
"Limited studies exist on the safety challenges that journalists face in reporting conflict related issues within their localities. This study extends literature in this direction by providing a model that explains the safety challenges that journalists faced in reporting the 2020 END SARS protests
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Blurred Boundaries of Journalism to Guarantee Safety: Approaches of Resistance and Resilience for Investigative Journalism in Latin America
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 916-935
"News organizations and journalists around the world have seen an increase in threats and attacks against themselves and their work. In Latin America, this is heightened by the ongoing state of violence. To continue producing quality investigative journalism, professionals must find ways to deal wit
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Journalistic role conceptions and performance in the global south: A comparison between Egypt and the UAE during COVID-19
International Communication Gazette, volume 85, issue 8 (2023), pp. 646-662
"Journalists in Egypt and the UAE have been differently challenged by the COVID-19 situation at multiple levels, (1) individual (2) work/routines and (3) media/organizational while covering COVID-19. Using the hierarchy of influences model, we analyze the differentiated journalists’ role conceptio
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Beyond Self-Censorship: Hong Kong’s Journalistic Risk Culture under the National Security Law
China Journal, volume 90 (2023), pp. 129-153
"Professional and liberal-oriented news media in Hong Kong have been under severe political pressure since the establishment of the National Security Law in 2020. Journalists now have to navigate a more dense and uncertain legal minefield. Self-censorship has intensified. This article argues that se
...
Media Capture and Journalism as Emotional Labor: How Do Media Professionals Manage Bureaucratic Violence in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq?
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 876-895
"This paper focuses on the (in)direct tools of governmental bureaucracy used to control journalistic work in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). It calls for understanding media capture not only through structural-level consequences, but also through the methods used to create an environment of inst
...
A Decolonial Analysis of the Cyberbullying of South African Women Journalists
In: Decolonising Journalism Education in South Africa: Critical Perspectives
London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 135-148
"At the heart of decolonial theory is the love for woman, particularly black woman, as the most oppressed of political categories in the old colonial structures of race, class and gender hierarchy. This chapter uses decolonial theory, specifically Chela Sandoval’s concept of ‘decolonial love’
...
Egypt’s #MeToo Moment: Using Social Media to Help Address Violence Against Women in Egypt
In: Violence Against Women in the Global South: Reporting in the #MeToo Era
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), pp. 173-199
"Adjusting the focus to the time and research of the present, this chapter analyzes two case studies that occurred before and after the revitalization of the global #MeToo movement in 2017. The selected cases investigate how women have used social media platforms to combat VAW. The first case is Daf
...
Modelling the impact of safety threats on professional journalistic reporting of protests by Indigenous People of Biafra among Nigerian journalists
Journal of International Communication, volume 29, issue 2 (2023), pp. 234-252
"This study aimed to determine the impact of safety challenges on professional journalistic reporting of IPOB protests in Nigeria. A total of 400 Nigerian journalists who were covering IPOB activities were surveyed. Data were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), multivariate an
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Occupational Hazards: Individual and Professional Factors of Why Journalists Become Victims of Online Hate Speech
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 838-856
"Journalists are regularly exposed to online hate speech their profession. Because discrimination often harms targets and can prompt self-censorship in journalistic content, undermining journalism’s public duty, it is essential to understand factors explaining why journalists become victims of onl
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“Living a lie at the workplace”: Ghanaian Media Practitioners’ understanding of emotional labour and response patterns
IFE PsychologIA, volume 31, issue 1 (2023), ?? pp.
"The authors saw the need to explore the emotional labour experiences of media practitioners owing to the sparse literature on the phenomenon from an African perspective. The study explored how media practitioners explain emotional labour, the factors that predispose them to emotional labour experie
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Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech
Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 2 (2023), pp. 283-300
"In many parts of the world, journalists work in increasingly hostile environments. To better understand the characteristics and implications of hostility against the press in a hybrid regime, this study explores how journalists in Serbia perceive and experience anti-press hate speech. Based on 20 i
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“We always report under pressure”: Professionalism and journalistic identity among regional journalists in a conflict zone
Journalism, volume 24, issue 4 (2023), pp. 709–728
"This study explores how regional journalists in Pakistan conceptualize journalistic professionalism, how they perceive their journalistic identities, and how local socio-political and economic realities shape their professional identification. Analysis of interviews with 33 journalists working in P
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Unprepared for Reality: Early-Career Journalists Ill-Equipped for Hostility in the Field
Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, volume 78, issue 3 (2023), pp. 301-316
"Scholarly calls surrounding the need to prepare journalism students for hostile encounters and harassment are emerging. Using in-depth interviews with 28 early-career journalists from across the United States, this project underscores a need for content related to hostility within journalism course
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Repressed media and illiberal politics in Turkey: The persistence of fear
Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, volume 23, issue 1 (2023), pp. 159-177
"This article examines the historical roots of the role of successive Turkish governments’ fear of media and Turkish media’s fear of government authority with respect to the development of press freedom over the long run and closely analyzes the historical pressures imposed on journalists throug
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