"Because of the different levels of ICT integration in the six countries, alongside many similarities in their experiences of ICT integration, there is a variety of approaches that should be explored and examined. An analysis of experiences and best practices and associated problems has generated le
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ssons learned in the following eight components of ICT integration in education: (i) broader environmental context, (ii) policy and regulatory environment, (iii) management and financing, (iv) ICT in schools – policy, vision and strategy, (v) technology infrastructure and connectivity, (vi) curriculum, pedagogy and content development, (vii) professional development, and (viii) monitoring and evaluation. These components provide the key foundation and framework in setting up ICT for education programmes. A synthesis of lessons learned from selected countries in the region provides the basis for the development of tools and blueprints to guide policy formulation and programme improvements. It also serves as an advocacy instrument to gain the support of policy-makers and other stakeholders for the appropriate use of resources to support the integration of ICT in education." (Executive summary, page 10)
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"El monitoreo sobre la información explícita de la pobreza en el periódico El Tiempo se propuso tres objetivos: en primer lugar, estudiar la representación que el periódico hace de la pobreza en sus páginas todos los días; en segundo lugar facilitar, a través del análisis de la información
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, un proceso de diálogo sobre el tema con otros medios y periodistas, y en tercero, aportar al mejoramiento de la calidad de la información periodística sobre el tema. El estudio se hizo sobre la información y las páginas de opinión del periódico durante el año 2002. Para ello se tomó como base muestral la información publicada en la edición de Bogotá durante cuatro meses, uno por cada trimestre del año." (Página 15)
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"The purpose of the Gender Guide is to encourage the incorporation of gender-based roles and responsibilities in the design, implementation, and evaluation of health communication programs. The guide does not directly address broad-based issues of gender equity. It does, however, provide questions t
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o help program managers determine how gender roles, for both women and men, may impede access to health information, restrict use of health services, or limit beneficial health outcomes. By identifying this information, health communication programs can encourage individuals and communities to pay attention to resolving gender inequities. Program planners should be aware that health behaviors, practices, or actions promoted by health communication programs may precipitate direct or indirect changes in gender roles. If program planners anticipate changes in gender attitudes or roles, they should define those changes clearly and include them in outcome indicators to measure changes." (Pages 1-2)
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"The current discourse on globalization has many far-reaching implications not only for African economics and politics, but also for the vital question of how we communicate in a ‘global village’. African governments and their development partners often tend to extrapolate communication models f
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rom the developed world and apply them wholesale in local environments in Africa that are quite unique. This paper argues that such communication strategies often do not impact on the rural masses for which they are meant because they are not ‘contextualized’ to the local settings, cultural dialectics and worldview of the people. The bulk of the rural people are non-literate, poor and have little or no access to modern mass media such as television, radio, film, newspapers, the internet and email. The roll-out of modern media should continue to occupy centre stage in planning by African governments, development agencies and nongovernmental organizations, and these modern media should continue to be used to disseminate various campaign messages (HIV/AIDS awareness, immunization of children, maternal health care, poverty eradication, etc.) to the communities. But given the dearth of these media in many poor countries, the limitation of their coverage to the urban centres, and the costly equipment involved, a strategy that relies solely on them has its drawbacks. Communication planners should not overlook the significant role indigenous forms such as popular theatre, drumming, village criers, storytellers, orators, etc., have played – and continue to play – in communication among rural, poor communities. The paper illustrates the ways in which these media continue to be utilized in development communication in Uganda, for instance, because of the way they are embedded in the cultural ideology of the rural people." (Abstract)
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"Au cours de la dernière décennie, les dépenses consacrées à la fourniture de manuels et d'équipements pédagogiques pour l'éducation de base, dans l'ensemble de l'Afrique francophone, se sont élevées à plus de 500 milliards de francs CFA. Pourtant, même un investissement aussi massif n'a
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pas permis d'atteindre l'objectif « Un livre un enfant en l'an 2000 », et il n'y a pas eu de développement significatif d'une industrie indigène du livre. Cette étude tente d'identifier les principales opportunités et causes des pratiques de corruption qui existent tout au long de la chaîne de financement, de production et d'édition des manuels scolaires, ainsi que de la distribution des livres scolaires et autres matériels éducatifs en Afrique francophone. En outre, elle s'efforce de définir les conditions qui favoriseraient une plus grande transparence et de bonnes pratiques dans la fourniture de manuels, et - en utilisant des projets en Tunisie, en Côte d'Ivoire et en République démocratique du Congo comme études de cas - fait un certain nombre de propositions sur la façon dont cela pourrait être réalisé." (Hans M. Zell, Publishing, Books & Reading in Sub-Saharan Africa, 3d ed. 2008, nr. 387)
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"It is widely acknowledged that a livelihoods approach provides a useful, logically consistent framework for thinking through the complex issues influencing the lives of the poor. In particular it draws attention to ways in which policies, institutions and decision-making processes influence resourc
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e access and ownership, and determine strategic livelihood options available to poor households. Information and communication systems are crucial in this regard, both in generating information required by the rural poor to make decisions on livelihood strategies, and in generating information required by institutions responsible for making decisions about policies and processes that affect those strategies. In each case, it is only through improved information that individuals and institutions can make informed choices about the opportunities and constraints associated with agriculture-based strategies. However, improved information alone is not sufficient for improved decision-making. Decision-making is a political process and promoting multi-stakeholder participation in decision-making processes is a key concern. Furthermore, different stakeholder groups each have specific information needs and delivery preferences. Highly differentiated information needs assessment is essential in order to effectively support decision-making at different levels. It is evident that effective promotion of poverty reduction and food security requires changes in institutions and attitudes, knowledge and information levels, processes and skills. Improved understanding of the capacity of decision-makers at different levels to make use of the information provided is key for the identification of appropriate systems and institutions for the delivery of relevant information. Enhancing the quality and quantity of information also relies on attention to the flow of information, such as the means of communication, format and content. Information can potentially have a catalytic role but much depends on its reliability and relevance to the needs of particular user groups. There is a necessary trade-off between the level of technical detail involved in information collection and analysis, and the practical usefulness of that information. Standardisation of techniques of information collection, storage and presentation is important, both to improve efficiency in information handling within agencies and also to ensure that information can be used externally by other agencies, thereby facilitating greater cross-sectoral communication and coordination. Equally important is developing effective means of prioritising information needs at different levels. Improved information can enable people to better defend their interests and articulate their needs; it increases their bargaining power and ability to influence decision-making processes which affect them. Transparency is equally important if information is to empower people to make better decisions. Improved communication systems can enable individuals to organise as groups and use information to hold institutions and authorities accountable." (Executive summary, page vi)
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"[...] pour lutter contre les affres du sous-développement, les autorités ont entrepris de réorganiser le secteur de la communication et décidé de la mise en œuvre d’une Politique nationale de communication pour le développement. C’est ainsi que, de 2000 à 2002, le Gouvernement, en parte
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nariat avec la FAO, le Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’Enfance (UNICEF) et le Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement (PNUD), a fait établir un état des lieux de la communication au Niger. A cet effet, 10 études sectorielles et thématiques ont été effectuées. Des ateliers tenus dans chacune des huit régions du pays ont per mis de recueillir la perception par les communautés de base de la problématique de la communication pour le développement. En janvier 2002, à l’issue d’un atelier national qui a regroupé plus de 200 participants, le Niger a jeté les bases d’une véritable Politique nationale de communication pour le développement (PNCD). Cette politique nationale de communication pour le développement vise à instituer un système d’implication rationnelle et pérenne de tous les moyens de communication et de tous les acteurs au processus de développement économique et social. La PNCD prend en compte les aspirations des populations à la base, les atouts et faiblesses dans la mise en œuvre des stratégies et du plan d’action aux niveaux régional et national [...] La PNCD, qui prône une approche participative, contribuera à un plus large accès des populations au débat démocratique, au renforcement du dialogue social en vue de la réalisation des pro grammes prioritaires de développement du Niger (lutte contre la pandémie du Sida, lutte contre le paludisme et la poliomyélite, promotion de la bonne gouvernance). La PNCD accordera la plus grande priorité au développement rural en appuyant les actions visant à améliorer les secteurs sociaux (santé – éducation – alphabétisation), la préservation de l’environnement, le désenclavement des zones à fortes potentia lités, l’accès des femmes et des jeunes aux moyens de produc tion ainsi qu’à la promotion d’une communication institution nelle pour appuyer le secteur. Enfin, la PNCD se veut un document de référence unique pour les partenaires au développement du Niger (pays amis, organi sations non gouvernementales, institutions, associations et groupements des producteurs) dans le cadre de leurs interven tions dans le domaine spécifique de la communication pour le développement." (Préface, page ix-x)
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"Herr Könsgen wies auf die Bedeutung einer professionellen Außendarstellung des DED hin und betonte den Stellenwert der entwicklungspolitischen Bildungsarbeit für den DED. Beides kann durch die Fachkräfte für Informations- und Bildungsarbeit (IBA-EH) unterstützt und vorangetrieben werden. Der
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Workshop solle den Erfahrungsaustausch unter den IBA-EH, aber auch mit den Hauptamtlichen aus der Zentrale ermöglichen. Ziel sei es, auf der Basis einer gemeinsamen Auswertung der Arbeitspraxis der IBAEH, den programmatischen Ansatz des Konzepts zu überprüfen und Empfehlungen für seine Aktualisierung zu formulieren. Dabei sollten Bedarf und Notwendigkeiten der Kolleginnen und Kollegen aus der DED-Zentrale, der Landesbüros sowie der IBA-EH berücksichtigt werden. Nach nunmehr gut fünf Jahren Laufzeit des Programms – der erste IBA-EH reiste Ende 1997 nach Uganda aus – gehe es nun darum zu prüfen, ob eine Erweiterung des Programms sinnvoll und möglich ist." (Eröffnung und Zielsetzung des Workshops, Seite 4)
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"This book has been written as a tool for people involved or interested in communication and natural resource management who seek a better understanding of how different theories and strategic change principles relate to actual practise. It is not, however, a book of theory nor is it an argument for
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one approach over another. Instead, it relates a variety of theories and change principles in simplified, almost schematic form, to a series of real initiatives in the field through interactive «experiences». It asks that the reader become a participant in a process that requires reading and analysing each initiative using different theoretical lenses. Each «experience» is organised around a theme, a learning objective, a description of an actual natural resource management and communication initiative, and one or two theoretical lenses through which to analyse the initiative. As you work through each «experience», you will be asked questions about the theory and change principles and how they relate to the initiative. The idea is not to «discover» the right approach but rather to create an interactive space that enables you to reflect on what might work in your own context and also on how different contexts may require different approaches, principles and theoretical frameworks." (Introduction)
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