"This literature review explores current thinking and analysis of the role of culture in development communications addressing HIV and AIDS prevention, treatment and care. It takes as its starting point the relationship between culture and the global strategic response to HIV/AIDS, tracing the impli
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cations of an absence in cultural thinking in global action strategies devised by lead bodies. It explores recent progress in developing a cultural approach to HIV/AIDS, including work by UNESCO, and the challenges faced by current dominant modes of development communications which draw on cultural approaches. The primary challenges, it argues, stem from an overt focus on behaviour change, coupled with the dominance of Western-derived IEC (Information, Education, Communication) methods which allow little space for community participation. A further challenge arises from current Monitoring and Evaluation methods. The ‘levels’ model of culture and development, which evolved from the Routemapping Culture and Development project by Creative Exchange, is seen as offering an opportunity for a more complex understanding of the relationship between culture, development and development communications. The review makes the point that adapting current modes of development communication to incorporate more culturally sensitive approaches will require greater commitment to community participation, and wider recognition of cultural issues among development actors." (Abstract)
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"This document accompanies a toolkit designed to help Bank task managers plan and supervise the implementation of communication activities in population, health, and nutrition (PHN) projects. It reviews the basic principles of communication for behavior change, presenting a step-by-stop guide to pla
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nning and implementing communication activities and linking those steps to the Bank's project cycle. The toolkit contains a set of practical modules, including: communication research approaches for bank projects; a guide to communication indicators; sample term of reference for Bank and Borrower consultants; guide questions for assessing organizational capacity; sample budget and implementation plan; and case studies of best practice in behavior change communication." (Publisher description)
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"The Johns Hopkins University Population Communication Services (JHU/PCS) project has been the Office of Population’s leading project for communication and behavior change since 1982. Now working under its fourth cooperative agreement* with USAID, JHU/PCS and its subcontractors provide technical a
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nd financial support for communication projects in all stages of design, implementation, and assessment, including audience identification, message design, determination of appropriate media mix, materials development, and program evaluation. Previous versions of the PCS project (i.e., those carried out under the first three PCS projects) emphasized production of and training for the development of posters, brochures, flip charts, and other materials for providers and facilities materials which were largely lacking at that time. The earlier projects also pioneered the use of mass media, music, and drama for family planning and health promotion. The design of the current PCS project recognizes the importance of community mobilization and interpersonal communication and counseling (IPC/C), and incorporates all three elements in a three-pronged strategy wherever possible. In addition to these planned additional areas of responsibility, PCS IV has become increasingly involved in functional areas that were not anticipated when it was awarded in 1995. These include child survival (including polio eradication), prevention of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), environmental health, and—representing the most obvious departure from the project’s traditional orientation—democracy and governance. PCS has assumed responsibility for virtually all of these unanticipated new tasks in response to field support–funded requests from USAID Missions. Indeed, the field support–driven nature of the PCS project is one of its central characteristics. At present, approximately 80 percent of PCS funds are derived from Mission field support funds—a substantial portion of which (approximately 30 percent) has been provided to address communication needs in the areas beyond family planning/reproductive health noted above. The evaluation presented herein was designed to assess JHU/PCS performance in meeting the objectives set forth in the current cooperative agreement, as well as to examine the project’s effectiveness in responding to these new and unforeseen challenges. The evaluation team was asked to review the tools and methodology that JHU/PCS and its partners apply to these tasks, as well as the communication science that underlies PCS’s strategic approach." (Executive summary)
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"Das Buch befasst sich mit den Vorraussetzungen der Wirksamkeit von Kommunikation, die auf Einstellungs- und Verhaltensänderung ausgerichtet ist. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Überzeugungsstrategien, die bedeutsam für die Vermittlung von Kommunikationsinhalten über Massenmedien sind, insbesondere im Rah
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men kommerzieller und nicht-kommerzieller Marketingziele. Die Erörterung der einzelnen Themenbereiche basiert auf den Erkenntnissen der internationalen Forschung." (Vorwort)
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"Section One, Fundamental Concepts in Environmental Education and Communciation (EE&C) provides an orientation to four theoretical perspectives that have shaped GreenCOM’s approach to environmental education and communication projects: behavior change, participation, gender, and systems thinking.
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Each has its own research framework and following, yet each contributes an important set of ideas to environmental education and communication activities. In Section Two, Planning EE&C Programs, a variety of GreenCOM experiences illustrate the basic process of designing education and communication programs: needs assessment, formative research, pre-testing, and evaluation. Taken together they form a reliable and well-tested model for program development. Section Three, Conducting EE&C Activities, looks at staff and participant training workshops, mass media campaigns, and how EE&C can affect public policy. Section Four, Putting It All Together, highlights several successful countrywide strategies from GreenCOM’s field experience. These cases illustrate some of the diverse approaches to building capacity and planning and implementing environmental education and communication. The projects involved training, policy initiatives, awards schemes, curriculum development, and multifaceted communication campaigns." (Page xiv)
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"Health communication scholars have tried to understand how individuals process information and have identided the factors that contribute to appropriate behavior change. Some of these theorists have, implicitly or explicitly, assumed that if individuals were provided with the ““rightÏÏ inform
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ation they would adopt the recommended behavior. Some others have endorsed the need to provide behavioral skills along with information so that individuals are able to carry out the desired behavior. Both approaches, however, are concerned with individual behavior change. Sociodemographic variables like class, gender, and race have seldom Ðgured in sociopsychological analyses in the AIDS context. L imited attention has been paid to the manner in which political, economic, and social variables have constrained or enabled individual behavior related to AIDS. In this article, the various sociopsychological theories/models that inform AIDS prevention are delineated; the sociopsychological approaches in the context of class, race, and gender issues are critiqued; and an analytical framework that integrates behavioral and societal level variables to guide policy interventions is provided." (Abstract)
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"This manual provides a wide range of the latest know how about social change with regard to water supply, environment and sanitation programmes. The focus is on sound principles in programme communication. It intends to provide guidance on how to incorporate adequate communication and behaviour cha
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nge approaches in water and environmental sanitation programmes. The emphasis lies on the development of practices by individuals and communities that will be sustainable throughout a lifetime." (https://www.ircwash.org/resources)
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Based on the work of HealthCom, a fifteen-year, twenty-country project funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development, the book builds on a practical, five-step model for communication that promotes change in existing behaviors and supports preventive health practices. Using numerous exampl
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es from actual health communication projects in developing countries - including immunization, diarrheal disease control, and water and sanitation programs - the authors provide step-by-step guidance in applying.
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"This book presents practical lessons from 15 years of experience on the part of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) in promoting the health of infants and children in developing countries. It has been compiled by the Academy for Education Development which conducts the Communicati
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on for Child Survival or HEALTHCOM project for USAID. The book is a collection of 24 case studies and anecdotes produced by developing country and U.S. programme implementors in confronting the challenges of diarrhoeal dehydration, vaccine-preventable diseases, acute respiratory infection, malaria and inadequate nutrition. It illustrates different aspects of a systematic approach to influencing behaviour among the family, the community, and the health care provider. The examples demonstrate the importance of balancing demand creation activities with service delivery support, and the need for advocacy at the highest leadership levels. The field notes are divided into six categories: 1) research: the foundation of decisions; 2) strategies for behaviour change; 3) designing effective materials; 4) principles and tools for training; 5) new policies, new products, new markets; and 6) management for the long term." (https://www.ircwash.org/resources)
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"This book provided the best synthesis of social marketing and social mobilization theory and practice in international development, as it stood in the 1990s. At the time it was written, no other source provided such a comprehensive review backed-up by extremely useful bibliographies as well as proj
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ect data from major development sectors - health, population, nutrition, AIDS prevention, etc. It is of broad interest to various categories of readers: aid agency officials, frontline communication/development planners and particularly academics seeking a "real-world" summary of experiences in specialized seminars and training programs." (https://www.goodreads.com)
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