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The Use of Social Media in Natural Hazard Early Warning Systems

Emma Bee, Mirianna Budimir

Science for Humanitarian Emergencies & Resilience (SHEAR) (2019), 5 pp.

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Communication-Related Vulnerability to Disasters: A Heuristic Framework

Sten Hansson, Kati Orru, Andra Sübak, Mario Krüger Asta Bäck et al.

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, volume 51, issue 92 (2019), 9 pp.

"The concept of social vulnerability has been increasingly applied in disaster literature, but its communicative drivers have remained understudied. In this article, we put forward a heuristic framework for explaining how communication-related factors may adversely affect people’s capacity to prep ... more

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Il faut qu’on parle : La communication efficace sur les risques liés au virus Ebola nécessite à la fois du respect et de la transparence et demeure plus vitale que jamais. Évaluation des besoins et des préférences de communication changeants à Beni, Nord-Kivu

C. Fricke

Translators Without Borders (2019), 44 pp.

"Les entretiens menés en septembre 2019 avec des communicateurs en santé et des résidents ont révélé que les barrières linguistiques empêchent la compréhension d’informations cruciales sur l’Ebola. Les informations diffusées en français et en swahili ne sont pas comprises par tout le ... monde. Les gens ont du mal à interpréter le sens de termes médicaux en français qui paraissent pourtant simples. Le swahili est mieux compris dans la variante locale de Beni, tandis que les femmes et les personnes âgées de la région ont besoin d’informations dans la variante locale du nande. Pour les militaires et leurs familles, c’est en lingala qu’il faut donner les informations. Pour communiquer de façon efficace au sujet d’Ebola, il faut relayer l’information dans ces quatre langues. L’utilisation de la terminologie technique présente sa propre barrière linguistique. Certains termes médicaux clés spécifiques à l’Ebola sont en français et ne sont pas toujours traduits de la même manière. Les personnes chargées de la communication en santé ellesmêmes se trompent sur leur sens. Les participants de cette étude ont expliqué que certains des mots liés à l’épidémie sont inacceptables sur le plan social et culturel. Ces mots sont perçus comme étant violents et offensants, surtout ceux associés à la mort. Par conséquent, beaucoup de gens rechignent à les employer. Les communicateurs en santé les remplacent par leurs propres explications enveloppées d’euphémismes. Ces alternatives peuvent parfois être incohérentes et vagues et causer des malentendus. Les personnes chargées de la communication en santé ont besoin de soutien pour traduire les termes liés à l’Ebola d’une manière harmonisée et acceptable pour la population locale. La teneur des informations communiquées pose, elle aussi, un problème. Les messages actuels sur l’Ebola ne communiquent que des informations et des consignes de base. Ils ne fournissent pas les éléments nécessaires qui pourraient aider les gens à comprendre pourquoi et comment la prévention et le traitement d’Ebola fonctionnent. Aussi, avec l’évolution de l'épidémie et de la stratégie d'intervention, les questions des gens ont changé. Les participants de cette étude ont demandé que des informations complexes et transparentes leur soient communiquées dans une langue et un style qui leur sont familiers. Ils veulent des explications approfondies sur les derniers développements. Or il manque aux communicateurs en santé les outils de communication et la formation adaptés à ces développements, d’où la difficulté qu’ils ont à fournir des réponses à la fois claires et cohérentes. Les malentendus et les contradictions qui en résultent sont source de confusion pour les populations, et le manque d’explications détaillées ne fait qu’exacerber les doutes et les frustrations." (Résumé, page 3-4) more

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Managing Misinformation in a Humanitarian Context: Internews Rumour Tracking Methodology. Part III: How to Guide
Key Guidance

Internews (2019), 61 pp.

"You will find information and advice on everything from how to source rumours and factcheck information, to how to share actionable and practical answers to address these rumours. Internews Rumour Tracking Methodology is designed to be flexible and responsive to local context – and you should be ... more

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Communicating During Humanitarian Medical Crises: The Consequences of Silence or "Témoignage"

Marouf Arif Hasian

Lanham; Boulder; New York: Lexington Books (2019), ix, 294 pp.

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Journalism on Darfur Between Social Fields: Global and National Forces

Joachim J. Savelsberg

In: Media and Mass Atrocity: The Rwanda Genocide and Beyond

Allan Thompson (ed.)

Waterloo, Ontario: Centre for International Governance Innovation (2019), pp. 237-252

"In presenting some of the findings from an analysis of 3,387 media reports and from interviews with Africa correspondents and other journalists from eight countries, this chapter provides several insights on patterns of media representations of the conflict in Darfur. After initial neglect, peaks i ... more

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Humanitarianism and Media: 1900 to the Present

Johannes Paulmann (ed.)

New York; Oxford: Berghahn (2019), viii, 305 pp.

"From Christian missionary publications to the media strategies employed by today’s NGOs, this interdisciplinary collection explores the entangled histories of humanitarianism and media. It traces the emergence of humanitarian imagery in the West and investigates how the meanings of suffering and ... more

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Precarity and Risk in Myanmar's Media: A Longitudinal Analysis of Natural Disaster Coverage by 'The Irrawaddy'

Susan Banki, Ja Seng Ing

In: Myanmar Media in Transition: Legacies, Challenges and Change

Lisa Brooten, Jane Madlyn McElhone, Gayathry Venkiteswaran (eds.)

Singapore: ISEAS (2019), pp. 177-200

"In this chapter we use the twin concepts of precarity and mobilization to explore the tensions associated with media reporting about Myanmar over time, analysing the reporting of the (formerly) exiled media publication The Irrawaddy. The chapter explores coverage through an examination of the sourc ... more

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Communication

Shani Orgad

In: Humanitarianism: A Dictionary of Concepts

Tim Allen, Anna Macdonald, Anna Radice (eds.)

London, New York: Routledge (2018), pp. 68-80

"This chapter focuses on one of the key areas within the field of humanitarian communication, namely the symbolic construction of distant suffering in image, text and sound. In particular, the chapter examines humanitarian communication produced by humanitarian non-government organizations (NGOs) fo ... more

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A Guide for the Media on Communicating in Public Health Emergencies

Genevieve Hutchinson, Jacqueline Dalton

London: BBC Media Action (2018), 30 pp.

"This manual provides tips for media practitioners on how to help audiences during health emergencies. It can be read in conjunction with BBC Media Action’s Lifeline Production Manual (available online) which provides more general guidance on how to communicate with people affected by humanitarian ... more

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The Sphere Handbook: Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response

Geneva: Sphere Association, 4th ed. (2018), x, 406 pp.

"The Sphere Handbook is marking its 20th anniversary with the publication of this fourth edition. It is the result of an intense year-long mobilisation of humanitarian actors around the globe and reflects two decades of experience using the standards in front-line operations, policy development and ... more

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How to write and talk about infant and young child feeding in emergencies

Emergency Nutrition Network (ENN); IFE Core Group; USAID (2018), 3 pp.

"The purpose of this document is to provide guidance for anyone involved in humanitarian assistance who produces communications on behalf of an organisation (e.g. press releases, social media, fund raising appeals) or engages with the media (e.g. interviews). It aims to support communications expert ... more

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Tools for rapid ICT emergency responses and sustainable development

Smart Sustainable Development Model (SSDM); ITU (2018), xv, 112 pp.

"The SSDM Report 2018 provides a number of concrete steps to further and strengthen the implementation of the International Telecommunication Union’s (ITU) Smart Sustainable Development Model (SSDM) Initiative. The ITU Development Telecommunication Bureau (BDT) developed the SSDM Initiative in 201 ... more

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Cell Phones as an Anticipatory Technology: Behind the Hype of Big Data for Ebola Detection and Containment

Ulf Engel, Richard Rottenburg (eds.)

Halle; Leipzig: University of Halle; University of Leipzig (2018), 17 pp.

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The Routledge Companion to Media and Humanitarian Action

Robin Andersen, Robin Purnaka L. de Silva (eds.)

London: Routledge (2018), xxiv, 572 pp.

"In this moment of unprecedented humanitarian crises, the representations of global disasters are increasingly common media themes around the world. The Routledge Companion to Media and Humanitarian Action explores the interconnections between media, old and new, and the humanitarian challenges that ... more

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The Mourning News: Reporting Violent Death in a Global Age

Tal Morse

New York et al.: Peter Lang (2018), xvi, 267 pp.

"The book develops the analytics of grievability as an analytical framework that unpacks the ways in which news about death constructs grievable death and articulates relational ties between spectators and sufferers. The book employs the analytics of grievability in a comparative manner and analyses ... more

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Suffering in Silence: The 10 Most Under-Reported Humanitarian Crises of 2017

Care International (2018), 19 pp.

"The importance of media coverage and public awareness to help mobilise funds and increase pressure on decision-makers has been proven again and again. Still, the question on how to ensure better coverage of under-reported crises remains largely unaddressed. So what is needed? Seven equally importan ... more

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Advocacy for Communications with Communities at National Level in Bangladesh: Final Evaluation

International Organization for Migration (IOM) (2018), 12 pp.

"Despite two-way communication being an important part of the “Core Humanitarian Standard”, awareness of Communications with Communities (CwC) is limited among disaster responders, government, donor and private sector stakeholders. This lack of awareness results in insufficient budget allocation ... more

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Toolkit for Mainstreaming Communication with Communities in Emergency Response

Shongjog; Action Against Hunger (2018), 24 pp.

"In the context of humanitarian action, Communication with Communities (CwC) refers to activities where the exchange of information is used to save lives and mitigate risks of the disaster affected community. It also enables greater accountability in humanitarian organizations and facilitates the de ... more

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Preparing the Ground for Better Dialogue, Better Information, Better Action: Lessons on Communicating with Communities in Emergencies
Top Insights

Chris Ford, Soraya Khajehpour

CDAC Network; World Vision International (2018), 31 pp.

"What we’ve learnt about communicating effectively with disaster affected communities: 1. To deliver actionable, life-saving information, emergency responders should strive to agree on common messages developed in partnership with communities and tackle the spread of rumours. 2. It is important to ... more

Managing Misinformation in a Humanitarian Context: Internews Rumour Tracking Methodology. Part III: How to Guide Key Guidance

Preparing the Ground for Better Dialogue, Better Information, Better Action: Lessons on Communicating with Communities in Emergencies Top Insights

Managing Misinformation in a Humanitarian Context: Internews Rumour Tracking Methodology. Part III: How to Guide
Key Guidance

Preparing the Ground for Better Dialogue, Better Information, Better Action: Lessons on Communicating with Communities in Emergencies
Top Insights