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Journals
Output Type
Desinformation aufdecken und bekämpfen: Interdisziplinäre Ansätze gegen Desinformationskampagnen und für Meinungspluralität
Baden-Baden: Nomos (2020), 217 pp.
"Was macht Desinformation im deutschsprachigen Internet aus? Wie wirkt Desinformation? Wie kann sie mithilfe technischer Mittel erkannt werden? Was kann und könnte mit regulatorischen und rechtlichen Maßnahmen gegen Desinformation getan werden? Aus den Erkenntnissen von Journalistik, Medienpsychol
...
Artificial Intelligence and Disinformation: How AI Changes the Way Disinformation is Produced, Disseminated, and Can be Countered in Security and Human Rights
Security and Human Rights, volume 29, issue 1/4 (2020), pp. 55-81
"This article explores the challenges and opportunities presented by advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of information operations. The article first examines the ways in which AI can be used to counter disinformation online. It then dives into some of the limitations of AI solut
...
Assessing Digital Threats to Democracy, and Workable Solutions: A Review of the Recent Literature
International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 2589-2610
"Concerns surrounding the threats that digital platforms pose to the functioning of Western liberal democracies have grown since the 2016 U.S. election. Yet despite a preponderance of academic work in this area, the precise nature of these threats, empirical solutions for their redress, and their re
...
Industrialized Disinformation: 2020 Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation
Deep Insights
Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute (2020), 23 pp.
"Our 2020 report highlights the recent trends of computational propaganda across 81 countries and the evolving tools, capacities, strategies, and resources used to manipulate public opinion around the globe. We identify three key trends in this year’s inventory of disinformation activity: 1. Cyber
...
Misinformation, Disinformation, Malinformation: Causes, Trends, and Their Influence on Democracy
Sarajevo: Heinrich Böll Stiftung (2020), 38 pp.
"The aim of this paper is to investigate the phenomena of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation, as well as their impact on the political sphere. In addition, the paper attempts to explain the harmful influence of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation on public debates, dem
...
"Disinformation is an endemic and ubiquitous part of politics throughout the Western Balkans, without exception. A mapping of the disinformation and counter-dis in for mation landscapes in the region in the period from 2018 through 2020 reveals three key disinformation challenges: external challenge
...
10 Things to Know About Misinformation and Disinformation
London: Overseas Development Institute (ODI) (2020), 13 pp.
"By accident or design, the internet and social media have created the ideal conditions for a huge increase in false information and conspiracy theories. This can cause real harm offline, especially because digital literacy and digital policy are both currently unable to keep up with the pace of cha
...
"For journalists, disinformation presents a unique challenge; while they are guided by the mission of exposing wrongdoing to hold power to account, they are also one of the most common targets of disinformation campaigns. Without realizing it, journalists can amplify disinformation simply by doing t
...
Combatting and Defeating Chinese Propaganda and Disinformation: A Case Study of Taiwan’s 2020 Elections
Cambridge, MA: Harvard Kennedy School, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs (2020), 63 pp.
"In its 2020 presidential and legislative elections, Taiwan combatted and defeated Chinese propaganda and disinformation through a whole-of-society approach, one in which the government became better at debunking fake news and raising awareness of these attacks; civil society became more alert and c
...
Combatting Digital Disinformation: An Evaluation of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's Disinformation Strategy
Hewlett Foundation (2020), 29 pp.
"The Hewlett Foundation’s decision to add a focus on disinformation to its 2017 US Democracy strategy was motivated by a desire to figure out how best to encourage social media platforms to reduce polarization exacerbated by disinformation.1 The foundation invested in two major efforts to support
...
Whose Fingerprint Does the News Show? Developing Machine Learning Classifiers for Automatically Identifying Russian State-Funded News in Serbia
International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 4428-4452
"Democratic nations around the globe are facing increasing levels of false and misleading information circulating on social media and news websites, propagating alternative sociopolitical realities. One of the most innovative actors in this process has been the Russian state, whose disinformation ca
...
Under the Surface: Covid-19 Vaccine Narratives, Misinformation and Data Deficits on Social Media
First Draft (2020), 95 pp.
"This research demonstrates the complexity of the vaccine information ecosystem, where a cacophony of voices and narratives have coalesced to create an environment of extreme uncertainty. Two topics are driving a large proportion of the current global vaccine discourse, especially around a Covid-19
...
WhatsApp Audios and the Remediation of Radio: Disinformation in Brazilian 2018 Presidential Election
Radio Journal: International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media, volume 18, issue 2 (2020), pp. 139-158
"This article brings the results of an investigation into the role of WhatsApp audio messages in the 2018 Brazilian presidential elections, proposing that instant voice messaging borrows elements from radio language. We started from a broader research, conducted by the Brazilian National Institute o
...
Cómo combatir la desinformación: Estrategias de empoderamiento de la ciudadanía digital
Barcelona: Digital Future Society (2020), 67 pp.
"Partiendo de la premisa de que se puede y se debe empoderar a la ciudadanía si se mejora la producción, el consumo y la circulación de la información, este informe analiza en profundidad dos cuestiones: ¿Qué instrumentos, iniciativas y políticas actuales ayudan a la ciudadanía a formarse un
...
Fighting the Spread of False Information: A Fact-Checking and Verification Toolkit
Johannesburg: Africa Check; Fojo Media Institute (2020), 13 pp.
"This fact-checking and verification toolkit was developed by Africa Check for African journalists. It aims to equip journalists with the knowledge and practical tips to stop the spread of false information. This toolkit, which was developed as the world was in the midst of its battle against the Co
...
Understanding Misinformation on Mobile Instant Messengers (MIMs) in Developing Countries
Deep Insights
Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy (2020), 27 pp.
"We conducted a mixed-methods research project in Nigeria, India, and Pakistan consisting of surveys, survey experiments, and semi-structured interviews, to better understand the spread and impact of misinformation, and in particular of misinformation on mobile messaging apps (MIMs). One of our goal
...
Lutter contre la diffusion de fausses informations: Un ensemble d'outils pour la vérification des faits
Johannesburg: Africa Check (2020), 13 pp.
Countering Disinformation: A Guide to Promoting Information Integrity
Key Guides
Consortium for Elections and Political Process Strengthening (CEPPS); USAID (2020), [345 pp.]
"This resource combines the collective wisdom of organizations on the front lines of combatting disinformation globally. This living project provides an outline of what’s being done to address the challenge in key areas and provides a searchable database of the organizations around the world engag
...
Trends in the Business of Misinformation in Six Eastern European Countries: An Overview
Deep Insights
Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2020), 11 pp.
"All six reports find that misinformation is prevalent, yet the channels used for distribution of such content are somewhat different. The misinformation landscape in Serbia, for example, is dominated by mainstream media outlets. Small misinformation websites simply cannot compete with “misinforma
...
Fear and Lying in the EU: Fighting Disinformation on Migration with Alternative Narratives
Key Guides
Brussels: European Policy Centre (2020), 51 pp.
"This Issue Paper examines nearly 1,500 news articles from four EU member states (Germany, Italy, Spain and the Czech Republic) published between May 2019 and July 2020. It shows that disinformation narratives about migration seek to exploit readers’ fears to polarise public opinion, manufacture d
...
