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Talk radio as the soundtrack of our lives: Participatory HIV/AIDS communication, public self-expression and Positive Talk

Mariekie Burger

Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/Aids, volume 12, issue 1 (2015), pp. 66-75

"Despite the many HIV/AIDS communication initiatives, combined with support and infrastructural support in South Africa, risky behaviour associated with the spread of the epidemic is increasing amongst many groups. This calls for a re-evaluation of endeavours aimed at curbing the spread of the epide ... mic. This article is only concerned with the communicational aspects of the epidemic, but does not negate the interaction of these with other measures taken to address the epidemic. As is the case with most health communication initiatives, HIV/AIDS communication initiatives have evolved to favour the participatory approach above one-directional transmission of information to the public. The participatory approach rests on the assumption that an HIV/AIDS communication initiative stands the best chance of resulting in behaviour change if members of the target community participate in the communication initiative. The assumption is that as many people as possible should be involved in the maximum number of phases of the communicative initiative (such as initial research, planning, implementation and evaluation of the project). Some research has recently started to explore new forms of community participation, including inviting community participation through, for example, internet-based platforms such as social media, and mobile phone platforms such as WhatsApp and BBM. However, the reality broadcast genre – more specifically, talk radio – has been neglected, as only a few research investigations focused on talk radio and most of these are not exclusively about HIV/AIDScommunication but focus on other health topics. From a participatory communication perspective, two sets of critique against the existing HIV/AIDS communication projects hold water: firstly, they do not make the maximum use of participatory communication principles and, secondly, they are externally initiated projects and emanate from outside the target community. To address both of these concerns, this article explores a wider range of participatory principles and the potential workings of these in an internally initiated communication initiative aimed at addressing the epidemic. More specifically, this article investigates ways in which radio listeners experience the reality broadcast genre – the talk radio show, Positive Talk – as participatory communication. Positive Talk is not an externally initiated project, as it is not part of a pre-planned, goal-oriented project that is owned and controlled outside the target community. In contrast, it has been initiated by Criselda Kananda, an individual not linked to any of the existing initiatives outside the community. She started the show to earn a living. She became a well-known person, is fairly knowledgeable in the field and was granted this opportunity as she is HIV-positive. In order to investigate how radio listeners use the show to engage in HIV/AIDS communication, 20 in-depth interviews were held with avid listeners of the show. The respondents indicated that they appreciate ordinary people phoning in. When expressing their opinions about the show, they found Kananda’s life story credible, believed her public and private life to be congruent, valued Kananda’s personality and respectful manner and could identify with the views expressed. In the article, it is argued that these ideas are largely in line with the principles of participatory communication tied to democracy, the participatory turn, the ordinary, validation of identity and respectful dialogue. Although the findings of this qualitative study cannot be generalised to the whole listening population of the show, they indicate that it is worth investigating the value of communication initiatives that emerge spontaneously from communities (instead of those strategically engineered from outside the general population) as a future direction of HIV/AIDS communication in the country." (Abstract) more

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Behaviour Change and Communication: A Descriptive Literature Review of Behavior Change and Communication in Sub-Saharan Countries

Susanna Kauppi

Diaconia University of Applied Sciences, Master Thesis (2015), 77 pp.

"This study is a descriptive literature review. The purpose of this literature review is to describe factors which associate behavior and behavior change in the communities and to describe communication and communication methods which have been used in behavior change communication programs in devel ... more

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Edutainment TV for Disseminating Information About Agriculture

International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) (2015), 2 pp.

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The Role of Media in War and Peace in South Sudan

Jok Madut Jok

Juba: Sudd Institute (2015), 13 pp.

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Women as Radio Audiences in Africa

Tanja Bosch

In: The Routledge Companion to Media and Gender

Cynthia Carter; Linda Steiner; Lisa McLaughlin (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2015), pp. 514-522

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De l’utilisation des médias au Mali

Berlin; Bamako: Media in Cooperation and Transition (MiCT);Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2015), 89 pp.

"En février et en mars 2015 Media in Transition and Cooperation (MiCT) et la Fondation Friedrich Ebert à Bamako (FES) en coopération avec l’Institut d’Economie rurale malien ont procédé à une analyse de l’usage des médias à Bamako et dans sept chefs-lieux régionaux ainsi que dans troi ... more

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Africa Online: Media Use in Sub-Saharan Africa. Findings from the Media Survey - Côte D’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria and Zimbabwe

Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG);Gallup (2015), 29 slides

"Internet users in Africa tend to be young, educated and in urban areas. The probability of using the internet is also higher for male, and we also find that internet usage patterns differ across gender and location. Mobile phones are the major devices used to go online both at home and elsewhere by ... more

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Kenya Decides: Kiswahili, Social Media and Politics in Kenya’s 2013 General Elections

Natascha Bing

Journal of African Media Studies, volume 7, issue 2 (2015), pp. 165-183

"In contrast to most recent studies focusing on how ICT and new media were catalysts for the 2007/08 post-election violence, this article will shed light on the role of Kiswahili and social media in the process of fostering participation in the 2013 general election campaigns. It takes a closer look ... more

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Not Up for Debate: U.S. News Coverage of Hunger in Africa

Lauren Kogen

International Communication Gazette, volume 77, issue 1 (2015), pp. 3-23

"This article explores how the U.S. news media construct the topic of hunger in Africa for U.S. audiences. Specifically, the article addresses how newspapers define and delimit the relationship between U.S. citizens and foreign sufferers. Through a framing analysis and critical discourse analysis of ... more

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From Public Service Broadcaster to Development Actor: Deutsche Welle and the (con)quest of African Female Audiences

Eva Polonska-Kimunguyi

Critical Arts: South-North Cultural and Media Studies, volume 29, issue 3 (2015), pp. 382-399

"This article examines German public service broadcasting and its message for African female audiences. It situates the activities of Deutsche Welle (DW) within public diplomacy theory and analyses the content of DW's Learning by Ear series, which is geared towards young African women. The article i ... more

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Curating Africa in the Age of Film Festivals

Lindiwe Dovey

New York: Palgrave Macmillan (2015), xvii, 270 pp.

"Tracing the history of Africa's relationship to film festivals and exploring the festivals' impact on the various types of people who attend festivals (the festival experts, the ordinary festival audiences, and the filmmakers), Dovey reveals what turns something called a "festival" into a "festival ... more

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Can Radio Drama Improve Child Health and Nutrition in Somalia?

Shiri Landman, Angela Githitho Muriithi

London: BBC Media Action (2015), 11 pp.

"1. Radio, particularly BBC Somali, is an effective medium for reaching people in remote areas of Somalia who are typically hard to reach, including the poorest [...] 2. Drama has been shown to have a particularly powerful role in encouraging audiences to absorb new and relevant information. Tragic ... more

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Comunicación para el cambio social: La participación y el empoderamiento como base para el desarrollo mundial

Thomas Tufte

Barcelona: Icaria Editorial (2015), 255 pp.

"El inicio del siglo XXI ha venido marcado por los debates que, en el plano internacional, están sometiendo a revisión la comunicación para el desarrollo con el fin de proponer otras alternativas como comunicación para el cambio social o comunicación para el empoderamiento ciudadano y ecosocial ... more

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The psychological effects of reporting extreme violence: A study of Kenyan journalists

Anthony Feinstein, Justus Wanga, John Owen

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Open, volume 6, issue 9 (2015), pp. 1-6

"Objective: To assess the psychological health of journalists in Kenya who have reported on, and been exposed to, extreme violence. Design: Descriptive. Psychological responses were elicited to two stressors, the ethnic violence surrounding the disputed 2007 general election and the Al-Shabab attack ... more

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Reappraising Indigenous African Communication Systems in the Twenty-First Century: New Uses for Ancient Media

nnaEmeka Meribe

Journal of African Media Studies, volume 7, issue 2 (2015), pp. 203-216

"In Africa, rural people rarely have access to mainstream communication systems and their exposure to them is highly limited by several issues. However, they tend to attach much significance to their indigenous communication systems, indicating that the systems are still relevant today and are, ther ... more

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Participatory Photography for Peace: Using Images to Open Up Dialogue After Violence

Valentina Baú

Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, volume 10, issue 3 (2015), pp. 74-88

"This article begins with a literature review of Participatory Photography (PP) that highlights how this tool has been mostly implemented for action research, advocacy, and public health purposes. It shows how scholars have only quite recently begun to recognise its ability to generate change among ... more

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Metodologias participativas: Os media e a educação

Maria José Brites, Ana Jorge, Sílvio Corrella Santos (eds.)

Covilhã: Livros LabCom (2015), iv, 311 pp.

"Este livro reúne experiências e reflexões de académicos e não académicos sobre as potencialidades dos media para envolver e capacitar comunidades. Ao longo destas páginas, encontram-se textos que documentam propostas educativas e cívicas em torno dos media ou refletem sobre as capacidades d ... more

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New Media and Religious Transformations in Africa

Rosalind I. J. Hackett, Benjamin F. Soares (eds.)

Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press (2015), xii, 316 pp.

"New Media and Religious Transformations in Africa casts a critical look at Africa's rapidly evolving religious media scene. Following political liberalization, media deregulation, and the proliferation of new media technologies, many African religious leaders and activists have appropriated such me ... more

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Afrika Filmfestival Leuven 2015

Guido Convents (ed.)

Leuven: vzw Film en Cultuurpromotie (2015), 210 pp.

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The Making of the Pentecostal Melodrama: Religion, Media and Gender in Kinshasa

Katrien Pype

New York: Berghahn, paperback ed. (2015), xvii, 331 pp.

"How religion, gender, and urban sociality are expressed in and mediated via television drama in Kinshasa is the focus of this ethnographic study. Influenced by Nigerian films and intimately related to the emergence of a charismatic Christian scene, these teleserials integrate melodrama, conversion ... more