"ICT plays an important role in facilitating the modernization and improved economic performance of firms in transition countries. ICT in itself is often insufficient for improving economic performance. Rather, a range of complementary factors are required, e.g., organizational change and new market
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ing strategies. ICT use among firms in transition countries is primarily geared towards improved production and transaction processes, e.g., organizational change and improved marketing, rather than the development of new or improved products. There are significant sectoral differences in the role and scope of ICT use. The greater the information intensity of production and transaction processes, the greater the scope for applying and using ICT. Promoting the application and use of ICT for improved economic performance requires policies tailored to the individual sectors of the economy." (Key findings, page 3)
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"The author describes how the function of Lithuanian media has changed in different historical phases - due to changing political, economic and cultural conditions. The aim is to show how innovations, e.g. technological innovations, new media structures or cultural patterns, entered Lithuanian media
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and at the same time linked them to the changes that took place on the international level. It will be shown how Lithuanian journalism has formed its specifics to meet numerous changes in the national environment. The contemporary Lithuanian media situation is measured against the normative ideal of democratization and a journalistic culture is described that has survived in the historical development of media as institutions within specific social millieus. The overview follows a comparative approach based on the idea that a national perspective is too narrow. Therefore, the development of Lithuanian media is partly compared, partly contrasted with the changes that have occurred in relations with neighboring countries, especially Latvia and Estonia. The main task is to describe the peculiarities - with the aim not to comment on them, but to understand them." (Publisher description)
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"The article gives an overview of general trends in media use in Estonia over the last 15 years, making some comparisons with Nordic countries. Since the beginning of postcommunist transformation in 1991, the media landscape in Estonia has faced substantial changes. A completely renewed media system
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has emerged, characterized by a diversity of channels, formats, and contents. Not only the media themselves, but also the patterns of media use among audiences, their habits and expectations, have gone through a process of radical change. Changes in the Estonian media landscape have some aspects in common with many other European countries, such as the impact of emerging new media and global TV; others are specific features of transition to a market economy and democratic political order. Besides discussing general trends, the article gives insights into some audience- related aspects of changes, more specifically age and ethnicity." (Abstract)
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This volume gathers contributions presented during the 8th IARTEM conference on learning and educational media, held in Caen (France) in October 2005. The conference reader contains a wide range of contributions from industrialised, transitional and developing countries.
"This book presents a network analysis of media ownership dependencies in ten Central and Eastern European countries. In addition to a detailed description of the media landscapes in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Romania and Slovenia it furthermore gives an overview of news agencies operating in thes
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e countries. The publication is the final report of the research project "Media markets in Central and Eastern Europe - Chances of and threats against media pluralism in Europe" carried out at Danube University Krems (Austria)." (Publisher description)
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"The article treats the two sides of book policy – prohibitive and creative, on the example of the Republic of Estonia. If the earlier period of book history was dominated by persecution of authors and prohibition of books, then the contemporary democratic societies manifest freedom of expression,
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stimulating the dissemination of the most diverse ideas." (Abstract, page 10)
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"In these two volumes, readers will find comparative, in-depth essays on the press systems of 232 countries and/or territories. World Press Encyclopedia (WPE) is unique and valuable to users because, in addition to essays on each country’s press system, WPE also contains custommade graphs and stat
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istical tables, as well as regional maps, useful appendices, and an extensive index. This comprehensive, authoritative source of information allows for easy comparison between essays with a standard format or set of “rubrics” used whenever possible (see section titled “Essay Components”). Each essay also features basic data information—such as official country name, literacy rate, language(s), and number of daily newspapers—clearly marked with headings at the beginning of each entry. Additionally, WPE’s contributors include scholars, professionals, and educators from across the United States and around the world; each essay has a byline. Although this is the second edition, WPE has been completely reconceptualized and 100 percent revised from the first edition, which was published in 1982." (Introduction)
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