"The three photos of the drowned Syrian refugee kid Aylan Kurdi, the Palestinian kid Mohammad Al-Dorra (during the second Intifada) and the Vietnamese Napalm girl Phan Th. Kim Phúc, caused enormous influence, not only among millions of people but also on decision makers. Therefore, photojournalists
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are usually targeted by sides that are afraid to be exposed while committing violations or during wars. Especially that it is almost impossible to disapprove the credibility of photos taken on field. The profession of photojournalists requires them to be on field during the events and clashes regardless of the dangerousness that might face them, and usually photojournalists are at the forefront of their colleagues; which makes them subjected to attacks and injuries. The suffering of the photojournalists in Palestine while being physically assaulted is a clear example of the risks that led some journalist to pay the price whilst they implement their profession and how they are treated when their cameras exposes the perpetrators’ rifle. The number of violations against photojournalists in West Bank and Gaza Strip from the beginning of 2012 until the first half of 2015 reached 593. The Israeli occupation committed the large number and the most dangerous (469 violations); which equals 79% of all the violations, whereas the Palestinian sides committed 124 violations in both the West Bank and Gaza Strip." (Page 4)
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"This paper makes a critical appraisal of the impact of folksongs in entertainment education. The paper adopts historical methodology and is anchored on the social learning theory." (Abstract)
"We are very happy to publish the second edition of The World through Picture Books, enriched with sixteen new annotated lists. This new edition proves even more the very enthusiastic, skilled participation of librarians and the great success of this international programme. The programme deals with
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something we children’s librarians must never lose sight of, even if we are so busy with new technologies, budget restrictions, everyday work…: read children’s books and choose the best ones for our readers. And what does “best” mean? One thing it surely means is very good books from the readers’ own country and from as many other countries as possible… This is why, inspired by Kazuko Yoda’s request to our Committee for advice on the” top ten” picture books in Committee members’ countries, we launched “The World through Picture Books” programme in 2011. Librarians from fifty-two countries (or parts of countries) have made their choices which we publish here, with book presentations in the thirty-seven languages of publication, together with the English translation. Papers on picture books in several countries were presented at IFLA conferences in Helsinki, Singapore and Lyon and are on-line. Thanks to publishers’ generosity, two sets of touring book exhibitions were made, that have been shown in Finland, Japan, Korea, Italy, France, Reunion Island and Serbia. These collections are based in the National Libraries of France and Japan and are available to be booked by any country wishing to exhibit them." (Foreword)
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"Esta guía pretende proveer los elementos necesarios para establecer un protocolo de seguridad en una diversidad de contextos; así como recomendaciones prácticas para hacer frente a diversas situaciones. La guía está enfocada en todos los periodistas visuales, en particular aquellos que trabaja
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n en zonas de riesgo. El primer apartado del texto se enfoca en los elementos necesarios para elaborar un protocolo de seguridad. Se enlistan las herramientas necesarias para valorar el riesgo y las amenazas y se dan los lineamientos para decidir qué medidas de seguridad adoptar. En el segundo apartado se dan recomendaciones para enfrentar diversos escenarios. La labor de los periodistas visuales los obliga a enfrentar una diversidad de circunstancias con características particulares. Este segundo apartado pretende brindar al lector recomendaciones específicas que le serán útiles en cierto tipo de contextos, pero sin olvidar que no hay dos situaciones iguales, por lo que cada cobertura requiere de medidas específicas de seguridad. El último apartado está dedicado al manejo de estrés y los efectos psicológicos que pueden surgir por el trabajo en situaciones de alto riesgo. El bienestar psicológico es fundamental para poder desarrollar una buena cobertura periodística. La labor de los reporteros gráficos los obliga a estar en estados de alto nivel de adrenalina, lo que puede causar estragos en la salud." (Página 6)
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"In 2014, Mexico, Brazil, Portugal, Colombia and Argentina, in that order, were the top five countries in the production of national fiction hours. Once again, Brazil and Mexico, despite the drop suffered by the latter, continued to be the largest producers of fiction in the Ibero-American region. I
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n contrast, Peru and Ecuador had the lowest offer of national fiction hours, while Uruguay did not produce hours of national fiction during 2014." (Page 39)
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"This report explores how, in recent years, the book publishing industry has transcended limitations of format, scope, reach and audience, and has overcome its own culture and traditions, to integrate itself in the creation, production, distribution and consumption of media content, worldwide. It dr
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aws on a wide array of empirical data, as well as case studies and best practice examples, to place book publishing in the larger context of the international media industries, and to highlight the complex and competitive interrelationships of content creation and content consumption. It looks at the leading traditional and non-traditional players in publishing, and at adjacent content media, notably the growing global gaming industry. Potentially disruptive challenges and opportunities that face traditional publishing are identified as coming from innovative mobile and social media. It also examines new approaches in areas such as authors’ collaboration and interaction with consumers, as well as the expected impacts on publishing of the latest areas of research, such as machine learning. The study compares developments in North America and Europe, and contrasts these with Asia in particular, while also shining a spotlight on Africa. It provides a diverse collection of factual information, analysing it in detail for its relevance to book publishing. Furthermore, it includes extensive references for further reading." (Executive summary)
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"Participatory photography initiatives promise to ‘empower’, ‘give voice’ and ‘enable social change’ for marginalised communities through photography. This thesis questions this promise, demonstrating participatory photography to be a contested practice defined as much by inherent tensio
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n, ethical complexity and its limitations as by its potential. Caught up in governmental practices and instrumental discourses, ‘NGO-ised’ participatory photography has lost its purpose and politics. Using multiple case-studies and presenting empirical research on TAFOS, a pioneering Peruvian participatory photography project, this thesis explores under examined areas of participatory photography practice, including its governmentality, spectatorship and long term impact on participants. It establishes the effectiveness of photography as a tool for fomenting an enduring critical consciousness (Freire 1970, 1973) while questioning the romantic narrative of participatory photography’s inherently empowering qualities and capacity to enable change. Pluralism is used as a theoretical and conceptual framework for re-framing the promise of participatory photography. It is argued that a pluralized notion of participatory photography highlights the paradoxical, uncertain and negotiated character of the practice. It re-conceptualises the method as a mode of mediation that enables a plurality of seeing, that supports emerging and unrecognized claims and that cultivates a critical engagement with difference; qualities that are vital to democratic pluralism. The notion of a ‘Photography of Becoming’ re-imagines the critical and political character of participatory photography and the complex and vulnerable politics of voice in which it is immersed." (Abstract)
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"Dans cet article, je réfléchis à la relation entre don et marché éditorial en Afrique francophone ainsi qu’à son évolution. Comme je l’observe, l’intensification du don et la diffusion de l’idée qu’il n’y a pas de livres en Afrique coïncide avec l’essor de ce que l’on appel
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le ‘la mondialisation éditoriale’ à partir du début des années 80. Je relève par ailleurs que cette période correspond à la mise en place du plan d’ajustement structurel (PAS) par les institutions dites ‘de Bretton-Woods’. Dans les années qui suivront, le secteur éditorial sera un des premiers touchés par les mesures d’austérité imposées par les bailleurs internationaux [...] Comme je l’observe, le don de livres importé par une diversité de structures occupe une place historique en Afrique francophone, participant à l’omniprésence de l’édition du Nord. L’édition africaine se trouve alors réduite à la portion congrue de 10% des livres présents en librairies. Idem pour le livre scolaire, monopolisé à plus de 80% par l’édition étrangère, essentiellement française. Un des arguments prioritaires du don de livre en Afrique, c’est qu’il n’y a pas (ou pas assez) de livres. C’est en fait, peut-être, l’inverse: il y a un monopole du livre étranger qui ne permettrait pas au livre africain de rayonner suffisamment pour être connu/reconnu dans le monde. Le don serait donc la ‘fin de chaine’ d’un processus de minorisation: il contribuerait à la sous-représentation documentaire, voire à la dévalorisation des productions africaines, véhiculant l’image d’un continent de friche éditoriale… Mais tout comme cette vision est simplificatrice, il est réducteur de limiter le don à un processus strictement inégalitaire et partie prenante d’un système économique et idéologique de domination culturelle: c’est précisément cette diversité du don qui en rend l’analyse passionnante. Dans cet article, je propose une analyse des pratiques de don et de ses différents visages en Afrique francophone. Comme je le montre, son évolution est intrinsèquement liée à une histoire institutionnelle et aux relations de coopération développées entre États africains et bailleurs internationaux, depuis le matin même des Indépendances (fin des années 50/début des années 60). Celles-ci ont tout d’abord concerné séparément les développements structurel et culturel, avant que ne commence à naitre une idée de culture comme condition du développement économique." (Résumé, page 5-6)
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"This author started elaborating aspects of the present synthesis of strains of debates in African cinema following the “Semaphores and Surfaces” conference on African cinema held at Princeton University on November 1–3, 2013—co-organized by Wendy Belcher and Beatriz Leal Riesco and featurin
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g several scholars of African cinema and media." (Abstract)
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"Ethnographische Methoden haben heute in alle kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen Eingang gefunden. Auch in der Medienforschung spielen sie eine zentrale Rolle. Dieses Handbuch trägt die Methodendiskussion in der Medienethnologie zusammen und entwickelt sie am Beispiel konkreter Feldfo
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rschungsberichte weiter: Die dichte Beschreibung von Medienpraktiken, eine kritische Verortung der Subjektivität im Feld und der Fokus auch auf die Methoden der Beforschten sind zentrale Elemente der Beiträge." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"El primer capítulo, titulado “Hacia una conceptualización del humor gráfico”, se propone aportar herramientas conceptuales y teóricas que nos permitan concebir al humor gráfico como un tipo particular de discurso social. El capítulo comienza con un intento de organización conceptual de l
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os campos semánticos relacionados con el llamado humor gráfico (comic, historieta, cartoon, viñeta de humor, tira cómica y tira de humor) y, desde luego, de la categoría de humor gráfico misma, con el objetivo de lograr desprender de los usos habituales de estas categorías (a las que llamaremos categorías nativas) una conceptualización erudita que permita organizar y fundamentar tanto una metodología para la investigación histórica como los criterios que guían la escritura de este libro. El capítulo ofrece, asimismo, un breve mapa conceptual para ubicar al humor gráfico en el marco de la teoría psicoanalítica del humor, y finalmente, algunos lineamientos para caracterizar al humor gráfico como discurso social, a partir del cual podemos abordar tanto la dimensión representacional de la experiencia colectiva como así también el carácter político de estos actos de lenguaje, en los cuales un autor, llamado humorista, toma la palabra. En el segundo capítulo, titulado “El lenguaje del comic y el cartoon”, se ofrece una descripción sistemática de los principales elementos y componentes del género, desarrollada por la semiología estructural, y se incorporan algunos comentarios de desarrollos posteriores en el marco del posestructuralismo. Allí se describen los principales componentes del comic y sus vínculos, prestando especial atención a los mecanismos de producción de sentido en el marco de las viñetas. Los siguientes dos capítulos se abocan a la historización de los géneros vinculados con el humor gráfico. El capítulo 3 aborda la historia del comic focalizando en el desarrollo de la industria periodística estadounidense, en el seno de la cual nació el comic propiamente dicho, aunque se ofrecen también referencias permanentes a los desarrollos de géneros afines en los países europeos. Por su parte, el capítulo 4 se ocupa de la historia del humor gráfico y de la historieta en la Argentina desde el siglo xix hasta avanzado el proceso de la transición democrática. Siguiendo un criterio similar, los siguientes dos capítulos abordan un recorrido por los principales desarrollos académicos vinculados a estos géneros: el capítulo 5 se centra en los portes y debates internacionales; y el capítulo 6, en los estudios sobre el género en la Argentina, incluyendo, en ambos casos, no solo comentarios sobre las producciones académicas o eruditas, sino también sobre los circuitos de producción y circulación extraacadémicos." (Introducción, página 14-15)
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"This article is a historical examination of the use of photography in the informational and fundraising strategies of humanitarian organizations. Drawing on archival research and recent scholarship, it shows that the figure of the dead or suffering child has been a centrepiece of humanitarian campa
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igns for over a century and suggests that in earlier eras too, such photos, under certain conditions, could “go viral” and achieve iconic status. Opening with last year’s photo campaign involving the case of 3-year-old Syrian refugee Alan Kurdi, whose body washed up on a Turkish beach near Bodrum in early September 2015, the article draws on select historical examples to explore continuities and ruptures in the narrative framing and emotional address of photos depicting dead or suffering children, and in the ethically and politically charged decisions by NGO actors and the media to publish and distribute such images. We propose that today, as in the past, the relationship between media and humanitarian NGOs remains symbiotic despite contemporary claims about the revolutionary role of new visual technologies and social media." (Abstract)
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"Welche Bilder prägen unser Gedächtnis? Bilder nehmen im „visuellen Zeitalter“ eine herausragende Bedeutung für europäische Identität, Geschichtsbewusstsein und Geschichtskultur ein. 14 Bildquellen – Gemälde und Fotografien –, die in den aktuellen Schulgeschichtsbüchern europäischer
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Staaten am häufigsten abgebildet werden und sich über dieses Medium europaweit im visuellen Gedächtnis von Kindern und Jugendlichen verankert haben, werden in diesem Band vorgestellt. Die Bildwerke werden gemäß den Standards der fachspezifischen „visual literacy“ von Expertinnen und Experten erschlossen und aufbereitet. Viele der Bilder, wie beispielsweise die fotografische Darstellung der Konferenz von Jalta, waren bislang nie Gegenstand von Analysen. Auch die Grundlagen zur „visual literacy“-Kompetenz im Umgang mit Bildikonen und dem kulturwissenschaftlichen Zugang zum Bild kommen in dem neuen Band nicht zu kurz. Sie werden in drei grundlegenden Beiträgen zugänglich gemacht. Das Buch ist ein Gewinn für alle, die den Beitrag der Schule zur Bildung einer europäischen Identität ernst nehmen und ihn weiterentwickeln wollen." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"Communicating research findings to potential users outside the academic community, whether in government, business, Third Sector or the general public, has, or at least should become, an essential element in most social scientists’ working lives. Engaging with the media enables you not just to re
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ach ‘opinion formers’, the public and their academic peers, it is also the most effective way of: communicating research to potential users; raising your profile; getting involved in wider public debate; meeting the broader obligations of accountability that are incumbent on all publicly funded researchers. This publication provides some practical guidelines on how you can engage with the media in order to have a greater impact on the national debate. It will also provide you with information about: what makes a good news story; working effectively with journalist; writing press releases; giving TV and radio interviews; working with radio and TV documentary makers." (Introduction)
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"Der Beitrag analysiert den Zusammenhang von Dekolonisation und Film. Durch die Synthese vorhandener Literatur werden in einem ersten Schritt Kontinuitäten in der Filmproduktion und in Filminhalten vom Kolonialzeitalter bis in die Gegenwart nachgezeichnet. Daran anschließend werden mit der Dekolon
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isierung in den 1960er Jahren einhergehende Veränderungen in beiden Bereichen aufgezeigt. Herausgearbeitet wird, dass im Film die alltägliche Gewalt kolonialer Herrschaft sichtbar wurde und die ehemals „passiven“ und „stummen“ Kolonisierten begannen, aktiv zu handeln und zu sprechen. Im dritten Schritt wird ein Analyseraster skizziert, um diesen Wandel tiefergehend zu untersuchen. Hervorgehoben werden dabei fünf Aspekte: 1.) die Entstehung postkolonialer Länder schuf neue Möglichkeiten der Filmproduktion und -distribution, 2.) die Entstehung des “Dritten Kinos” mit seinen Impulsen aus Lateinamerika, 3.) gesellschaftliche Wandlungsprozesse in Westeuropa, die Resonanzräume für kolonialkritische Filme schufen, 4.) die Ausdifferenzierung des Mediensystems, das den Meinungspluralismus förderte und 5.) der Ost-West-Konflikt und die Filmförderung sowie -produktion der sozialistischen Länder." (Abstract)
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