Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists. This special collection is curated by gemma.horton@sheffield.ac.uk.

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Why collective resilience in journalism matters: A call to action in global media development

Jeannine E. Relly, Silvio Waisbord

Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies, volume 11, issue 2 (2022), pp. 163-188

"The COVID-19 pandemic, global economic downturn, anti-press violence and worsening situation of labour precarity for journalists around the world have led to increased stress, trauma and burnout in the profession, which raises questions at the heart of media sustainability and approaches to media d ... more

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Google Scholar (23)

WorldCat (22)

Determinants of Journalists' Autonomy and Safety: Evidence from the Worlds of Journalism Study

Basyouni Ibrahim Hamada

Journalism Practice, volume 16, issue 8 (2022), pp. 1715-1735

"The present study is an attempt to examine how objective structural political forces and subjective perception of political influences determine journalists' autonomy and safety. The evidence is based on responses representing journalists from 65 countries, which adds to the cross-cultural robustne ... more

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WorldCat (22)

Strict Fanaticism and Radicalism with the Post Battle on Dread Situation in Pakistan: Security Worries for Media Reporters in Kp

Azam Jan, Irem Sultana, Malik Adnan

Pakistan Journal of Linguistics, volume 4, issue 1 (2022), pp. 1-15

"Geo-strategically, Pakistan is placed in the region that has been frayed by wars conflict since the USSR’s (1979) invasion of Afghanistan. Since, Pakistan is sharing one of the longest borders with Afghanistan, hence could not remain impervious. The region, specially, Pakistan had not yet fully r ... more

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An Uphill Battle: From Impunity to Justice for Journalist Murders
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Evelien Wijkstra, Jos Midas Bartman

Free Press Unlimited (2022), 31 pp.

"For this report we analyzed hundreds of cases of journalists who were murdered in reprisal for their work. What stands out is their courage to report misdemeanor by those in power despite the clear and often well-known risks this entails for them. What stands out as well is the lack of capacity in ... more

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Violence Against Female Journalists in Indonesia: A Threat to Journalism and Freedom of the Press

Engelbertus Wendratama, Rahayu, Novi Kurnia, Puji Rianto, Monika Pretty Aprilia

Pemantau Regulasi dan Regulator Media (PR2Media); USAID (2022), 110 pp.

"This research was conducted through a survey (involving 1,256 respondents) and interviews (six informants) of female journalists in 191 cities, representing western, central, and eastern parts of Indonesia. This survey included 25 questions about the respondents’ violence experiences related to t ... more

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UNESCO’s Judges’ Initiative: Training the Custodians of the Legal System on Freedom of Expression, Access to Information and the Safety of Journalists

Guilherme Canela, Namara Burki, Samrita Menon

Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online, volume 25, issue 1 (2022), pp. 54-76

"Human rights, the rule of law and democracy are interlinked and mutually reinforcing. Within the framework of international human rights law, the right to freedom of expression particularly stands out, as it constitutes a pre-requisite for the fulfilment of other fundamental rights. In this regard, ... more

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Bajo riesgo: Cómo superar las deficiencias de los programas de protección de periodistas en América Latina (Brasil, Colombia, Honduras y México)

Paris: Reporteros sin Fronteras (2022), 140 pp.

"Este estudio, apoyado por la UNESCO, es el resultado de una investigación de nueve meses de RSF sobre la eficiencia, el impacto y los desafíos de estas políticas públicas a nivel regional, con un enfoque específico en asegurar la protección de periodistas y comunicadores. Los resultados refue ... more

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Evaluation of Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists in Nigeria

Olushola Mary Okpodu

American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, volume 6, issue 2 (2022), pp. 125-133

"The freedom of expression and Journalists* safety, as well as other media practitioners have become an issue of debate on press freedom and the working condition of reporters following untoward development on the media space which has become a preoccupation with journalism professional organization ... more

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“I Really Wanted Them to Have My Back, but They Didn’t”—Structural Barriers to Addressing Gendered Online Violence against Journalists

Annina Claesson

Digital Journalism, volume 11, issue 10 (2022), pp. 1809-1828

"Despite rising scholarly interest in online violence as an “occupational hazard” for journalists, we know little about the dynamics that shape the often-limited support given by media organizations to media workers affected by online violence. In this study, I explore how the working environmen ... more

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of Digital Safety in Nigeria: A Study of Online Journalists in Kano State

Abdulhameed Olaitan Ridwanullah, Bilkisu Musbahu Abbas, Lauratu Umar Abdulsalam

SSRN (2022), 19 pp.

"This study examined the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of digital safety among journalists in Kano State. It aimed at examining the awareness of digital safety and threats and also the mechanisms used by Kano state online journalists to respond to such threats. The study adopted the Protect ... more

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When Journalists are Voiceless: How Lifestyle Journalists Cover Hate and Mitigate Harassment

Gregory Perreault, Kaitlin Miller

Journalism Studies, volume 23, issue 15 (2022), pp. 1977-1993

"Often trivialized within the broader journalistic field, lifestyle journalists would seem to have the dream job: the opportunity to get paid to do what they love. The present study explores an under-discussed but material aspect of the job; namely, how lifestyle journalists undertake issues of host ... more

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Moving Barriers to Investigative Journalism in Latin America in Times of Instability and Professional Innovation

Vanessa de Macedo Higgins Joyce, Lourdes Cueva Chacón, Rosental Calmon Alves

Journalism Practice, volume 16, issue 9 (2022), pp. 1890-1908

"Latin American journalism has experienced recent transitions marked by digital affordances, including a growth of investigative journalism. The region has also experienced more political and economic instability, giving rise to a wave of threats and harassment against journalists. This repeated cro ... more

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Contextualizing Psychological Outcomes for TV News Journalists: Role Differences in Industry Culture, Organizational Hierarchy and Trauma Exposure

Jasmine B. MacDonald, Rachael Fox, Anthony J. Saliba

Journal of Constructivist Psychology, volume 35, issue 1 (2022), pp. 255-279

"Research indicates that TV news journalists’ ongoing exposure to trauma can result in psychopathology. However, we currently know little about potential differences in trauma exposure between individuals in varying journalistic roles. The aim of this study is to contextualize the existing knowled ... more

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Understanding Nascent Newsroom Security and Safety Cultures: The Emergence of the “Security Champion”

Jennifer R. Henrichsen

Journalism Practice, volume 16, issue 9 (2022), pp. 1829-1848

"This paper utilizes concepts from new institutionalism to help explain journalists’ and news organizations’ resistance to implementing security-related practices despite a deteriorating safety and security environment for journalists in the United States. Through 30 interviews with journalists, ... more

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Mapping Anti-Press Violence in Latin America: Challenges for Journalists' Safety

Mireya Márquez-Ramírez

In: The Routledge Companion to News and Journalism

Stuart Allan (ed.)

London; New York: Routledge (2022), pp. 469-477

"In global surveys, Latin America is all too often identified as one of the regions with the highest number of journalists killed for practicing their profession in the world. To explore the issues at stake, this chapter begins with a brief overview of the various faces of anti-press violence in thi ... more

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Expanding the Analytical Boundaries of Mob Censorship: How Technology and Infrastructure Enable Novel Threats to Journalists and Strategies for Mitigation

Jennifer R. Henrichsen, Martin Shelton

Digital Journalism, volume 11, issue 10 (2022), pp. 1848-1867

"Mob censorship, which “expresses the will of ordinary citizens to exert power over journalists through discursive violence” is traditionally considered a grassroots phenomenon. However, within technically mediated systems, who is behind the mob is sometimes unclear. We therefore ask how the tec ... more

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Killing with Impunity: Vast Majority of Journalists’ Murderers Go Free. 2022 Global Impunity Index

Jennifer Dunham

New York: Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) (2022), 5 pp.

"The 2022 Global Impunity Index found that no one has been held to account for nearly 80% of 263 journalist murders over the past 10 years worldwide. CPJ seeks justice for these slain journalists, including full and timely investigations and the convictions of those who carry out and order the murde ... more

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Safety of Women Journalists in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Perceptions, Experience and Understanding of Safety and Gendered Safety Risks

Free Press Unlimited (2022), 19 pp.

"This report summarised the findings of the focus group discussions, held in November-December 2021, which were organised in Free Press Unlimited in cooperation with BH Novinari. Through these focus group discussions, Free Press Unlimited got a good understanding of the following: The participants' ... more

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Working Under the “Sword of Damocles”: Experiences of Journalists in a Hybrid Regime

Ali Riaz, Fahmida Zaman

In: Masks of Authoritarianism

Arild Engelsen Ruud, Mubashar Hasan (eds.)

Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan (2022), pp. 37-55

"In the past decade, Bangladesh has witnessed severe erosion of democratic practices and weakening of democratic institutions. Incumbent has demonstrated its penchant for executive aggrandizement. These have transformed Bangladesh into a hybrid regime, which is marked with various characteristics in ... more

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Egyptian Women Journalists’ Feminist Voices in a Shifting Digitalized Journalistic Field

Sahar Khamis, Rasha El-Ibiary

Digital Journalism, volume 10, issue 7 (2022), pp. 1238-1256

"This qualitative feminist study analyzes Egyptian women journalists’ articulations of their shifting roles, struggles, and resistances to the political, legal, socio-economic, and professional challenges in a shifting, hybrid, and digitalized journalistic field. Through analyzing 16 interviews wi ... more

An Uphill Battle: From Impunity to Justice for Journalist Murders Top Insights

An Uphill Battle: From Impunity to Justice for Journalist Murders
Top Insights