"Visual anthropology has proved to offer fruitful methods of research and representation to applied projects of social intervention. Through a series of case studies based on applied visual anthropological work in a range of contexts (health and medicine, tourism and heritage, social development, co
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nflict and disaster relief, community filmmaking and empowerment, and industry) this volume examines both the range contexts in which applied visual anthropology is engaged, and the methodological and theoretical issues it raises." (Publisher description)
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"What is dialog, and how can it be measured in a meaningful way? In this article, Jacobson presents an approach to assessing participatory communication based on communication in the form of dialog as conceptualized by Jurgen Habermas." (Abstract)
"The potential of media to encourage democratic development cannot be denied. Media give people a voice, acting as a balance and watchdog to potential government misconduct. Without a voice, citizens cannot be heard; with a voice, they cannot be ignored. Media provide a window into the inner working
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s of the government, thereby increasing transparency and reducing corruption. Not only are countries more democratic with free and independent media, but their governments are also more accountable. Media’s impact is not limited to the political realm. A country’s economy benefits by being more open. By having access to economic information, citizens are better informed about what is happening in their communities and in commercial and financial markets, allowing them to make better informed choices. Overall society benefits, too. In addition to current events, media educate the public on issues related to health, the environment, women, children, and minorities. Independent media give voice to those whose voices often are not heard and engage marginalized groups in a more participatory discussion of programs that impact their lives. Democratic, social, political, and economic development goes hand-in-hand with media development. While short-term projects that utilize media for specific goals—health information campaigns for example—have an impact on their intended sector, a more comprehensive media development strategy holds the potential to create the conditions for sustainable democratic and economic development." (Page 20)
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"According to this report the media in low-income countries is too often left aside as a serious player in the fight against poverty. ‘It’s time that those active in poverty reduction realise the media is a public good and in a prime position to monitor whether poverty reduction is taking place.
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’ says the co-author Jon Barnes. The report assesses the media’s potential to scrutinise the progress of plans to tackle poverty including Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs). At the same time, based on findings from six countries in Africa and South Asia, this publication analyses serious political, commercial and professional obstacles to stronger media coverage on poverty reduction. Therefore, it highlights the importance of policy actors needing not only to recognise media potential and strengthen engagement with individual journalists, but also needing to support the media sector as a whole more effectively." (CAMECO Update 2-2008)
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"This paper is a peer review of journals addressing the issue of the impact of development communication in a number of development projects and programs. It provides an overview of this discipline and then discusses the evidence about the impact of development communication according to a typology
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developed on the basis of the articles reviewed. This study is part of a wider process that provided support to the First Congress on Communication for Development, an event that took place in Rome on October 2006." (Back cover)
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"Our 21 contributors -– most of them from Asia, and representing media, development or humanitarian sectors -- do not engage in mere theoretical discussions. In 19 chapters of this book, they draw on their rich and varied experience working in either preparing disaster resilient communities or res
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ponding to humanitarian emergencies triggered by specific disasters. Some are journalists who have reported on disasters from the 'ground zero'; others are aid workers, public information officials or development professionals who have been at the forefront in emergency responses or are engaged in disaster risk reduction. Diverse as their backgrounds and experiences are, our contributors share a belief in the central role that communication can play before, during and after disasters occur. Within this, they offer a kaleidoscope of perspectives as well as a great deal of practical advice on how to communicate hazards and disasters at inter-personal, inter-agency, inter-sector and public levels. The tools, technologies and methods may vary, but there is a broad consensus that to be effective, communication needs to be two-way, inclusive, participatory and sustained over time. It is not an 'add on' to other development interventions, but an integral component in its own right." (Page 3)
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"In this paper we will be looking at the evidence of impact from interventions in the so-called ‘traditional’ media – TV, radio and, to a much lesser extent, print – and factors contributing to that impact. By ‘media interventions’ we mean using mass-media in support of development objec
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tives and as part of development projects to help bring about behaviour change – for instance, the use of TV/radio spots (also known as PSAs – public service announcements) to promote condom use, or radio programmes to promote better agricultural practices. This should not be confused with so-called ‘media development’, which aims to create independent and professional media, recognising the potential of the media as an important independent agent of social and political change, for example in governance." (Introduction)
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"This handbook is primarily intended for staff that plan, organize and supervise tuberculosis (TB) control activities at the national level. Because tackling TB requires commitment and work at all levels, this guide can also be used by TB control staff at the provincial, state, and regional levels;
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by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and others involved in TB control, including communications officers, epidemiologists, program supervisors, TB medical specialists, nurses, bacteriologists, statisticians, health educators, logistics officers and trainers. Health managers of refugee and displaced population camps, prisons and large private enterprises, such as factories and mines, will also find this handbook useful. Additionally, teachers in medical, nursing, laboratory and public health schools may find valuable information for training their students in effective, multi-disciplinary TB control." (About this handbook)
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"This note offers a brief and non-technical introduction to indicators and monitoring tools relevant to communication for development in Danida’s countries of cooperation. It is primarily aimed at supporting staff at Danish representations or at HQ responsible for preparing and managing Danish bil
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ateral development assistance. The note may also be of assistance to those in the partner organisations of Danish aid who are responsible for monitoring, their Danida advisers, and consultants who assist in preparing and managing programmes and projects. [...] This note contains a background chapter on the strategic framework and types of Danish support for communication and development (Chapter 2), followed by a presentation of internationally defined goals, indicators and targets (Chapter 3). Subsequently, Chapter 4 addresses the issue of objectives and indicators at the national level, i.e. in PRSPs. Finally, Chapters 5, 6 and 7 are concerned with the level of the sector itself and the Danish support for it (SPS - sector programme support), discussing relevant indicators and related monitoring tools and methods at this level." (Introduction)
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"Given the prevailing environment, radio cannot better engage development, and this is in spite of the qualities of radio that endear it to development agencies and governments elsewhere. As Ojebode (forthcoming b) suggests, for radio to realise its potentials as a development medium in Nigeria, som
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e far-reaching and major restructuring need to be effected, and the current media landscape must be altered.
First, and the one that requires the strongest political will, is that government should take its hands off radio. A truly public service system should be put in place [...]
The second suggestion towards making radio engage development more fruitfully is that government should stop vacillating over the establishment of community radio. Our study shows that radio stations are alienated from the community and from listeners [...]
Third, development planning and practice in Nigeria should be integrated. In Nigeria, different government and development agencies work independently and often at cross purposes [...]
The fourth suggestion, which is related to the third, is the need to ensure that the tasks radio encourages people to perform in its jingles and programmes are feasibly supported by existing infrastructure [...]
The fifth step we must take is that government must support private stations in order for them to more fruitfully participate in development communication. Our study shows that these stations devote more time to development issues than do government stations [...]
Finally, we suggest that Nigerian communication schools and colleges review their curricula to include topics on public journalism. Also known as civic or citizen journalism, public journalism seeks to put the citizens at the centre of news and reports." (Recommendations, page 58-59)
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"Can the media reduce intergroup prejudice and conflict? Despite the high stakes of this question, understanding of the mass media’s role in shaping prejudiced beliefs, norms, and behaviors is very limited. A year-long field experiment in Rwanda tested the impact of a radio soap opera about two Rw
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andan communities in conflict, which featured messages about reducing intergroup prejudice, violence, and trauma. Compared to communities who listened to a control radio soap opera, listeners’ perceptions of social norms and their behaviors changed concerning some of the most critical issues for Rwanda’s post conflict society, namely intermarriage, open dissent, trust, empathy, cooperation and discussion of personal trauma. However, the radio program did little to influence listeners’ personal beliefs. Group discussion was a notable feature of the listening experience. Taken together, the results suggest that radio can communicate social norms and influence behaviors that contribute to intergroup tolerance and reconciliation." (Abstract)
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"This manual provides a methodology for trainers and media support organizations interested in providing courses on the coverage of avian influenza. It also provides a sample three-day training course agenda, complete with suggested lectures, discussion topics, exercises, suggested reading, field tr
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ip planning, and field safety guidelines for journalists covering avian influenza. The manual uses basic sources on avian influenza, including information from World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), scientific journals and academic research. It also provides links to resources for trainers designing their own courses. The manual offers practical suggestions for trainers to help journalists tailor avian influenza knowledge gained from the training sessions to the specific needs of their audience." (Page 6)
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"This paper is a briefing for health practitioners, TB programmers, policymakers, media professionals and people affected by TB. Based on an analysis of media coverage of TB, it argues that health professionals and TB specialists should be supported to engage more effectively with the media so that
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the media can, in turn, play a more critical role in national and international responses to public health concerns. The briefing aims to raise awareness of TB and to raise its media profile, while at the same time highlighting key obstacles to effective reporting on TB and other health issues. It concludes with practical suggestions as to how the relationship between the health and media sectors can be strengthened to enhance the media’s contribution to global efforts to control TB. The paper highlights findings from a content analysis of print media in 12 countries undertaken in 2006 by the Panos Global AIDS Programme. It also draws upon recent reports and initiatives around health journalism. Although 7 of the 12 countries included in the analysis are ranked among the highest TB burden countries in the world, the research found little coverage of TB in local or national print media." (Executive summary)
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