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Misinformation Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa: From Laws and Regulations to Media Literacy

Peter Cunliffe-Jones, Assane Diagne, Alan Finlay, Sahite Gaye, Wallace Gichunge, Chido Onumah, Cornia Pretorius, Anya Schiffrin

London: University of Westminster Press (2021), 220 pp.

"The volume first examines the teaching of media literacy in state-run schools in seven Sub-Saharan African countries as of mid-2020, as relates to misinformation. It explains the limited elements of broad media and information literacy (MIL) included in the curricula in the seven countries studied ... more

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Counter-Terrorism, Social Media and the Regulation of Extremist Content

Levi J. West

In: Counter-Terrorism: The Ethical Issues

Seumas Miller, Adam Henschke, Jonas Feltes (eds.)

Edward Elgar Publishing (2021), pp. 116-128

"As highlighted above, the development and refinement of counter-terrorism policies and practices by social media and technology companies has come about as a function of the evolving nature of terrorist and extremist entities’ exploitation of said platforms. The challenges highlighted above, name ... more

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Courage Against Hate

Facebook (2021), 128 pp.

"The Courage Against Hate initiative has been brought together by Facebook for the purpose of sparking cross-sector, pan-European dialogue and action to combat hate speech and extremism. This collection of articles unites European academic analysis with practitioners who are actively working on coun ... more

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Hate Speech Among Politicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Dejan Lucka

Sarajevo: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2021), 12 pp.

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Hatescape: An In-Depth Analysis of Extremism and Hate Speech on TikTok

Ciarán O'Connor

London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2021), 56 pp.

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Un lexique de discours haineux et incendiaire en République Centrafricaine
Deep Insights

Nicola Barrach-Yousefi et al.

Washington, DC: PeaceTech Lab; United States Institute of Peace (USIP); Association Jeunesse en Marche pour le Développement en Centrafrique (AJEMADEC) (2021), 38 pp.

"Depuis 2014, PeaceTech Lab a entrepris des recherches et travaillé avec des partenaires locaux dans 13 pays pour comprendre la dynamique des discours de haine et le lien entre la prolifération des récits haineux en ligne et les événements violents hors ligne. Cette recherche et les lexiques qu ... more

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Social Media Hate Speech Mitigation Field Guide

Sara Budarz, Kendi Gikunda

#defyhatenow (2021), 80 pp.

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The Fall of Kabul: When Platforms Enable Propaganda

Marie Lamensch

Centre for International Governance Innovation, August 27 (2021)

"Social media companies face an increasingly urgent ethical dilemma about the use of their platforms by Taliban officials and supporters." (Introduction)

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Radikalislamische YouTube-Propaganda: Eine qualitative Rezeptionsstudie unter jungen Erwachsenen

Lino Klevesath, Annemieke Munderloh, Joris Sprengeler, Florian Grahmann, Julia Reiter

Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2021), 248 pp.

"In der öffentlichen Debatte wird Online-Videos aus dem Spektrum des radikalen Islam zugeschrieben, einen großen Einfluss auf junge Menschen auszuüben. Doch wie nehmen junge Muslim*innen und Nicht-Muslim*innen diese Videos tatsächlich wahr? Wie stark wird ihre Sicht auf die Inhalte von ihrem Rel ... more

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The Attacks on Palestinian Digital Rights: Progress Report, May 6-19, 2021

7amleh – Arab Center for Social Media Advancement (2021), 15 pp.

"Over the past two weeks, 7amleh - The Arab Center for the Advancement of Social Media has worked to document and respond to the digital rights violations occurring during the 2021 Israeli attacks on Gaza, Palestinians in mixed cities in Israel and forcible displacement of Palestinians in East Jerus ... more

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Polarized Media – Polarized Audience

Jelena Jovovic, Dubravka Valic Nedeljkovic

Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 30 pp.

"A significant number of the surveyed citizens consider the media in Serbia under the control of political groups at both ends of the spectrum. At the same time, many of the surveyed citizens think that the media is free to collect and publish information on all the relevant issues. These findings r ... more

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The Road Ahead: Mapping Civil Society Responses to Disinformation

Samantha Bradshaw, Lisa-Maria Neudert

Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2021), 27 pp.

"Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) bring a wide range of skill sets to the problem of digital disinformation. Some organizations focus on digital media literacy and education; others engage in advocacy and policy work. Another segment has developed expertise in fact-checking and verification. Other ... organizations have developed refined technical skills for extracting and analyzing data from social media platforms. This research yielded several clear observations about the state of CSO responses to disinformation and, in turn, suggests several recommendations for paths forward. • Prioritize Skill Diffusion and Knowledge Transfer. Civil society organizations seeking funding for counter-disinformation initiatives should emphasize the importance of skill diffusion and knowledge-transfer initiatives. The siloed nature of disinformation research points to a growing need to blend technical expertise with deep cultural and political knowledge. • CSO researchers lack sufficient access to social media data. Survey respondents identified insufficient access to data as a challenge. Sometimes data are not made available to CSOs; in other instances, data are made available in formats that are not workable for meaningful research purposes. Unequal access to the data that private companies do provide can exacerbate regional inequities, and the nature of data sharing by social media platforms can unduly shape the space for inquiry by civil society and other researchers. Funders, platforms, and other key actors should develop approaches that provide more consistent, inclusive data access to CSOs. • Duplicative programming hampers innovation. CSOs drawing on similar tools, approaches, and techniques to meet similar goals pointed to three main factors preventing more specialized, innovative initiatives: lack of coordination, lack of specific expertise, and lack of flexible funding. Community building and collaboration among relevant organizations deserve more investment, as do initiatives that partner larger, established organizations with smaller or growing ones, or pool efforts, skill sets, and expertise to encourage diverse research by design rather than by coincidence. • Relationships with tech platforms vary across regions. Surveyed CSOs often held simultaneously skeptical and positive opinions about their relationships with social media companies. Some receive preferential access to data and even funding for their work (raising concerns about independence), while others report a lack of responsiveness from company representatives. In the Global South and Eastern Europe, many CSOs expressed concern that platforms failed to meaningfully engage with them on issues of critical concern. • More flexible funding and more diverse research are both necessary. To encourage greater platform accountability across varied geographic contexts, CSOs and their funders should draw on the perspectives of specific, under-analyzed communities." (Executive summary, page 3-4) more

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The Impact of Disinformation on Democratic Processes and Human Rights in the World

Carme Colomina, Héctor Sánchez Margalef, Richard Youngs

Brussels: European Parliament, Directorate General for External Policies of the Union (2021), 54 pp.

"Disinformation undermines human rights and many elements of good quality democracy; but counter-disinformation measures can also have a prejudicial impact on human rights and democracy. COVID-19 compounds both these dynamics and has unleashed more intense waves of disinformation, allied to human ri ... more

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Online Extremism in Slovakia: Actors, Topics, Platforms & Strategies

Richard Kuchta

Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2021), 28 pp.

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El límite democrático de las expresiones de odio: Principios constitucionales, modelos regulatorios y políticas públicas

Víctor Abramovich, María José Guembe, María Capurro Robles (coord.)

Buenos Aires: Teseo (2021), 424 pp.

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The "Hate Speech" Policies of Major Platforms During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ana Laura Pérez

Montevideo: UNESCO Office Montevideo and Regional Bureau for Science in Latin America and the Caribbean (2021), 32 pp.

"This document reports an increase in so-called “hate speech” posts on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although dissimilar, such an increase can be observed in the transparency reports of the different platforms and the surge in content moderation since M ... more

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Six Ways to Incorporate Social Context and Trust in Infodemic Management

S. Ripoll, J. Cole, O. Tulloch, M. Schmidt-Sane, T. Hrynick

Brighton: Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) (2021), 5 pp.

"Building trust in public health authorities and epidemic response takes time and is an ongoing process. However, in the short term, mistrust can be mitigated by responding in contextually appropriate ways through meaningful community engagement: 1. Use social science to understand the socio-economi ... more

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Online Extremism in North Macedonia: Politics, Ethnicities and Religion

Simeon Dukic

London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2021), 32 pp.

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Communication in Global Jihad

Jonathan Andre Matusitz

London; New York: Routledge (2021), xi, 241 pp.

"This book conceptually examines the role of communication in global jihad from multiple perspectives. The main premise is that communication is so vital to the global jihadist movement today that jihadists will use any communicative tool, tactic, or approach to impact or transform people and the pu ... more

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Combatting Digital Disinformation: An Evaluation of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's Disinformation Strategy

Amy O’Hara, Jodi Nelson

Hewlett Foundation (2020), 29 pp.

"The Hewlett Foundation’s decision to add a focus on disinformation to its 2017 US Democracy strategy was motivated by a desire to figure out how best to encourage social media platforms to reduce polarization exacerbated by disinformation.1 The foundation invested in two major efforts to support ... this ambition: a multi-funder partnership with Facebook to create data access for independent researchers to study the impact of social media on democracy and elections; and a grant making portfolio conceived to build an academic field to deepen the understanding of disinformation and identify policy solutions that mitigate its spread and impact on society . We found compelling the suggestion that disinformation is better considered a topic than a coherent field, and that multi-disciplinarity brings richness in framing, methods, and applications. Among Hewlett grantees, scholars self-identify as members of different fields that carry with them important epistemological and philosophical differences. We found evidence that there are perceived gaps between researchers, platforms, journalists, policy makers, civil society and others that obstruct the development of policy solutions. The missing competency among many academics to translate research findings for use, and of the need for tighter connections between scholars and decision makers were additional insights we gained about important gaps in the current landscape. During the two-year grantmaking period, the disinformation portfolio invested in varied policy and academic institutions and supported a diverse group of principal investigators. This is in contrast to the perceptions we heard about the foundation’s lack of a diverse grantee portfolio and approach. We learned from key informants and secondary research that there is an inextricable link between disinformation, racial and social equity and justice. A stronger communication strategy about the foundation team’s approach to diversity, equity and inclusion is warranted, as is a deliberate effort to showcase the work of all their grantees and their distinct perspectives. The foundation’s significant role in creating momentum for this body of work was widely noted, as was the need for continued leadership and support." (Executive summary, page 2-3) more

Un lexique de discours haineux et incendiaire en République Centrafricaine Deep Insights

Un lexique de discours haineux et incendiaire en République Centrafricaine
Deep Insights