Political Communication, Democracy, Elections
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Democracy / Democratization and Media
210
Politics and Media
185
Political Communication
106
Political Transition and Media
96
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
91
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
85
Media & Communication Policies
83
Media Law & Regulation
76
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
69
Government Communication Strategies
66
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
66
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
64
Influence of Media on Politics
63
Social Media in Political Communication
62
Journalism
59
Propaganda
53
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
49
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
48
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
47
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
47
Election Campaigns
44
Political Reporting
44
E-Governance, E-Democracy
43
Political Economy of Media
42
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
41
Election Reporting
40
Media Ownership
38
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
38
Digital Political Communication
35
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
33
Media / Communication Control
33
Public Opinion
33
Twitter & Microblogs
29
Media, Mass Media
29
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
29
Television
29
Alternative Communication & Media
28
Community Radios
28
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
27
Election Campaigns: Social Media
27
Public Spheres
27
Social Media
26
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
25
Censorship
25
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
25
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
24
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
24
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
24
Development and Media
24
Media Assistance
24
Opinion Polls, Public Opinion Research
23
Facebook
23
Media Concentration
23
Media Assistance: Governance, Accountability, Combating Corruption
23
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
23
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
21
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
21
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
21
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
21
Democracy
21
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
20
Populism
20
Press
20
Newspapers
20
Politics
18
Freedom of Expression
17
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
17
Political Blogging
17
Infotainment, Politainment
17
Television News
17
Radio
17
Civil Society
17
Governance & Accountability: Role of Digital Communication
16
Public Service Broadcasting
16
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
15
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
15
War Reporting
15
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
15
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
15
Government Advertising, State Advertising
14
Political Cartoons & Comics
14
Government Propaganda
14
Internet
14
Political Television Programmes & Political Talkshows
14
Advocacy & Political Films
13
Audiences & Users
13
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
13
Communication Rights
13
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
13
History of Media & Communication
13
Media System Analyses & Typologies
13
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
13
Polarization, Political Polarization
13
Democratization
13
Radio Debates, Radio Talk Shows, Call-In Radio Programmes
13
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
12
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
12
Political Parody and Satire
12
Accountability & Transparency
12
Public Media, State Media
12
Research in Media & Communication
12
Corruption & Combating Corruption
12
Political Websites & Online Communities
11
Blogging, Blogs
11
Civic Education: Use & Role of Media
11
Satellite Television
11
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
11
Watchdog Role of the Media
11
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
10
Internet and Politics
10
Globalisation of Media
10
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
10
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
10
Political Marketing
10
Political Role & Influence of Radio, Radio & Democratization
10
Apartheid
10
Al-Jazeera
10
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
9
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
9
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
9
State Influence on the Media
9
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
9
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
9
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
9
Economics of Media
9
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
9
Investigative Journalism
9
Agenda Setting
9
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
9
Social Change
9
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
8
Media Use, Media Consumption
8
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
8
Editorial Independence
8
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
8
Public Relations
8
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
8
Rumours & Rumour Management
8
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
8
Humour, Parody, Satire
8
Ethics in Media & Communication
8
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
8
Nazism
8
International Communication
8
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
8
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
8
Government & Government Performance: Media Representation & Reporting
8
Right-Wing Extremism
8
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
8
Advertising
7
Clandestine Radios
7
Cinema
7
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
7
Alternative Press
7
Collective Identities & Media
7
Social Change & Media / Communication
7
Digital Communication, Digital Media
7
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
7
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
7
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
7
Information Society
7
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
7
Journalists
7
News
7
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
7
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
7
Arab Spring (2010-2012)
7
Political Systems
7
Political Transition
7
Persuasive Communication
7
Manipulation
7
Islamist Communications & Media
7
Communication & Media Indicators
7
Society
7
Society & Media, Media Sociology
7
Theories of Communication & Media
7
Posters
6
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
6
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
6
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
6
Communication Strategies
6
Local Government Communication Strategies
6
Participatory Communication
6
Conflicts and Media
6
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
6
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
6
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
6
Good Governance
6
Algorithms & Big Data
6
WhatsApp
6
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
6
Media Markets
6
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
6
Television Serials
6
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
6
Bias in News Media
6
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
6
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
6
Female Journalists & Media Workers
6
COVID-19 Communication
6
History of Media: 20th Century
6
Foreign News, International News
6
Constitutions & Constitutional Reforms: Political Discourse & Media Representation
6
Media Development Indicators
6
Political Doctrines
6
Political Participation
6
Political Resistance
6
Framing
6
Governance & Accountability as Focus of Radio Programmes
6
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Politics
6
Public & State Radios
6
Public & State Television
6
Media Effects
6
Islam and Communication
6
Muslim Digital Media & Online Communities
6
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
6
Urban Communication, Urban Media
6
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
5
Celebrities, Idols, Stars
5
Videos
5
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
5
Community Media
5
Civil Wars
5
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
5
Cultural Identity
5
Memes
5
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
5
Communication for Social Change
5
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
5
Influencers (Social Media)
5
Racism in Communication & Media
5
Television Markets
5
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
5
Neoliberalism
5
Journalism Ethics
5
Self-Regulation of Media
5
Decolonisation & Independence (General)
5
History of the Press
5
Indigenous Communication
5
World Information and Communication Order
5
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
5
Media in the Global South / Developing Countries
5
European Union (EU)
5
Journalism Education & Training
5
Journalistic Quality
5
Local Journalism
5
Local Communication & Media
5
Communication Systems
5
Press Landscapes
5
Television Landscapes
5
Human Rights
5
Television Law & Regulation
5
Coup d'Etat
5
Political Culture
5
Research Methods
5
Networks & Networking
5
Revolutions
5
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
5
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
5
Non-Western Communication Approaches
5
Youth and Media
5
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
4
Flow of Information
4
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
4
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
4
Media Use: Youth
4
National Cinemas, National Film Production
4
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
4
Self-Censorship
4
Crisis Communication
4
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
4
Media Criticism
4
Literature
4
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
4
Development Journalism & Media Representation of Development Issues
4
Governance Support Communication
4
Digital & Information Literacy
4
Internet / ICTs and Social Change
4
Online News
4
Educational Use of ICTs / Internet
4
ICTs and Development
4
Media Industries
4
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
4
Entertainment and Media / Communication
4
Gaming, Video Games
4
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
4
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
4
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
4
Good Practice Examples
4
Colonial Period
4
History of Television
4
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
4
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
4
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
4
International Media & Communication Policies
4
Associations & Networks of Journalists
4
News Agencies
4
Business & Economics Journalism
4
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
4
Language
4
Local Governance & Accountability: Role of Media
4
Media Assistance: Elections
4
BBC Media Action
4
Communication
4
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
4
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
4
Media & Information Literacy
4
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
4
Elections
4
Governance
4
Military
4
Communism, Marxism
4
Hindu Nationalism
4
Socialism
4
Political Influence
4
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
4
Trade Unions & Labor Movements: Communication Strategies
4
Ideologies
4
Television Programmes & Genres
4
Reality Television Programmes & Daily Talks
4
Mobile Phone Advocacy & Campaigns
3
Internet & Social Media Use: Women
3
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
3
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
3
War & Political Violence in Cinema
3
Film Industries
3
Films
3
History of Film & Cinema
3
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
3
Intellectual Property
3
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
3
Discussion Forums, Community Discussions, Citizen Consultations
3
Traditional Communication
3
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
3
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
3
Enemy Images
3
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
3
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
3
Content Analysis (Research Method)
3
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
3
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
3
Anthropology of Media & Communication
3
Mythology & Communication, Media Myths
3
Culture (General)
3
Development Assistance
3
Democracy Assistance
3
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
3
Convergence of Media
3
Media Assistance: Digital Journalism & Social Media
3
Electronic Commerce
3
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
3
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
3
Artificial Intelligence
3
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
3
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
3
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
3
Education and Communication / Media
3
Media Didactics, Media Use in Education
3
Television Dramas
3
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
3
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
3
Feminism & Communication
3
Women (General)
3
History of Media: Colonial Period
3
Ethnicity in Communication
3
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
3
Foreign Correspondents
3
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
3
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
3
Civic Journalism, Public Journalism
3
Print Journalism
3
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
3
Local Press
3
Organizational Communication, Institutional Communication
3
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
3
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
3
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
3
Media Democratization
3
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
3
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
3
Music
3
Political Change
3
Political Opposition
3
Public Budgets, Participatory Budgeting
3
Parliaments
3
Political Magazines
3
Public Opinion Manipulation
3
Radio Programmes & Genres
3
Radio Stations
3
Socialization
3
Antisemitism
3
Religious Populism
3
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
3
Questionnaires, Questionnaire Design
3
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
3
Telecommunication Networks
3
Commercial Television
3
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
3
Television Talk Shows
3
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
2
Open Data
2
Electoral Advertising, Political Advertising
2
Agricultural Development & Policies
2
Interactive Radio: Audience Participation, Interaction & Feedback
2
Media Use: Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups
2
Media Use: Political Information
2
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
2
Mobile Phone Use
2
Samizdat
2
Book Publishing
2
Campaigning
2
Political Campaigns
2
Catholic Media
2
Catholic Press
2
Catholic Radios
2
Saints
2
Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD)
2
Development Education: Films
2
Latin American Cinema
2
Television Programme & Format Trade
2
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
2
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
2
Press Releases & Press Conferences
2
Strategic Communication Planning
2
Community Communication
2
Alternative Radios
2
Graffiti, Wall Paintings, Street Art
2
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
2
Storytelling
2
Holocaust
2
Boko Haram
2
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
2
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
2
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
2
Crime & Violence Reporting
2
Dealing With the Past
2
Marxist Media Criticism
2
Digital Anthropology, Cyberanthropology
2
Cultural Policies
2
Cultural Diversity
2
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Cultural Resistance
2
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
2
Mass Cultures
2
Communicating Development Projects, Media in Development Programmes
2
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
2
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
2
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
2
Religious Digital & Social Media Practices
2
Digital Media Landscapes
2
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
2
Internet Shutdowns
2
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
2
Journalistic Social Media Use
2
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
2
TikTok
2
Trolling (Social Media)
2
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
2
ICT Policies
2
Diaspora Media
2
LGBT & Communication / Media
2
Romani People
2
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
2
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
2
Deepfakes (Realistic-Looking Media Content that has been Modified, Generated or Falsified Using AI)
2
Media Commercialisation
2
Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
2
Music Industries & Markets
2
Television Industries
2
Media Market Transparency
2
Press Markets
2
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
2
Economic Conditions
2
Countering Defamation & Harassment
2
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
2
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
2
Gender & Religious Communication
2
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
2
Women's Magazines, Women's Press
2
History (General)
2
History of Journalism
2
History of Radio
2
History of Transnational Communication
2
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
2
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
2
Foreign Press, Foreign Language Press
2
Image Abroad
2
Latin America: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
2
Transnational Television, International Television
2
International Relations
2
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
2
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
2
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
2
News Reception
2
Radio News
2
Photojournalism
2
Radio Journalism
2
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
2
Religion: Media Representation
2
Rhetorics, Public Speaking, Speeches
2
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
2
Media Assistance: Radio
2
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
2
USA: Media Assistance
2
Radio Policies
2
Television Policies
2
Media Literacy: Youth
2
Radio Landscapes
2
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
2
Socialist Media Systems
2
Media Governance
2
Press Law & Regulation
2
Radio Law & Regulation
2
Change & Process Management
2
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
2
Financing Public Service Media
2
Radio Music
2
People with Disabilities: Tailored ICT & Media Products
2
Habermas, Jürgen
2
Photography
2
Government
2
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
2
Capitalism
2
Political Parties
2
Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
2
Hybrid Political Systems
2
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
2
State
2
Public Administration
2
Independent & Oppositional Media
2
Political Discourse
2
Alternative Public Spheres
2
Magazines
2
Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
2
Social Functions & Effects of the Media
2
Television Reception & Effects
2
Religion and Communication
2
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
2
Hinduism and Communication
2
Islamism
2
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
2
Religion (General)
2
Religion and Politics
2
Analysis
2
Political Indicators
2
Focus Groups & Group Discussions (Qualitative Research Method)
2
Survey Methods
2
Ethnocentrism
2
Participation
2
Social Aspects
2
Social Classes
2
Lower Classes
2
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
2
Telecommunications
2
Telecommunication Infrastructure
2
Television Channels
2
RT (Russian International Broadcaster, formerly Russia Today)
2
Television Semiotics
2
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
2
Suburbs, Poor Districts, Slums, Shanty Towns
2
Visual Communication
2
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
2
Infographics & Data Visualization
2
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
1
Advertising Agencies
1
Advertising Law & Regulation
1
Advertising Markets & Industries
1
Children & Advertising
1
Digital Advertising, Online Advertising
1
Local Advertising & Local Advertising Markets
1
Television Advertising
1
Advocacy
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Planning & Implementation
1
Empowerment
1
Film & Video Advocacy / Activism
1
Lobbying
1
Agriculture & ICTs, e-Agriculture
1
Peasants / Farmers & Communication
1
Geography
1
Behavior Tracking & Cookies
1
Digital & Social Media Use: Children
1
Elderly People: Internet & Social Media Use
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Information Needs in Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
1
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
1
Media Use: Foreign & International News
1
Media Use: Influence of Religion
1
Media Use: Foreign / International Media
1
Media Use: Lower Classes & Poor Population
1
Media Use: Urban Populations
1
News Avoidance
1
Print Media Use, Press Readers
1
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Books
1
Book Policies (National & International)
1
Campaigning: Planning & Implementation
1
Public Awareness Campaigns
1
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
1
Radio Fe y Alegría (Venezuela)
1
Radio Veritas (Johannesburg, South Africa)
1
Catholic Media Organizations
1
Children and Media
1
Child Protection Online
1
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Children's Rights
1
Children's Television Programmes
1
Media Literacy: Children
1
Puppetry
1
Orthodox Churches
1
Christian Press
1
Christian Radios: Evangelical / Protestant & Others
1
Christian Television
1
Basic Christian Communities
1
Missiology
1
African Cinema
1
Arab Cinema, Middle Eastern Cinema
1
Cinema in the Global South & Third Cinema
1
Fédération Panafricaine des Cineástes (FEPACI)
1
Crime Films
1
Historical Films
1
Science Fiction Films
1
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
1
Digital Rights
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Espionage
1
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
1
International Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Nonprofit Public Relations & Marketing
1
Public Relations: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Transnational Public Relations Agencies & Consortia
1
ALER
1
Community Radio Contents & Programming
1
Community Television
1
Faith-Based Community Radios
1
Conflicts
1
Class Conflicts
1
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
1
International Conflicts
1
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
1
Terrorism
1
Wars
1
Humanitarian Interventions
1
Soldiers
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Extremist Recruitment through Media
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
1
Human Security Reporting
1
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
1
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Violence in the Media
1
Violence in the Media: Glorification
1
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
1
Aesthetics in Media & Communication
1
Countering Misinformation & Rumours
1
Media Quality
1
Radio Quality
1
Television Quality
1
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
1
Arabic culture
1
Theatre
1
Creative & Cultural Industries
1
Cultural Dependency
1
Cultural Barriers
1
Cultural Change
1
Cultural Influence
1
Cultural Processes
1
Cultural Relations
1
Cultural Studies
1
Digital Cultures
1
Influence of Media on Traditional Cultures
1
Literature: Social Criticism
1
Media Cultures
1
National Character
1
Subcultures
1
UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005)
1
Developing Countries
1
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
1
Communication for Governance & Accountability Program (CommGAP) (World Bank)
1
Development Planning
1
National Development Planning
1
Development Projects
1
Development Communication Projects: Case Studies
1
ICT / Internet Projects (Development Aid)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Millenium Development Goals (MDG)
1
Development Theories
1
Underdevelopment
1
Behaviour Change Communication
1
Development Communication Theories
1
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
1
Edutainment Television Programmes
1
Influence of Media on Development Aid
1
Media for Development
1
Poverty Reduction: Role of Media
1
Data
1
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
1
Digital Inclusion
1
Religious Websites & Blogs
1
Digital Research Methods
1
Mailing Lists
1
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
1
Interactive Media
1
Microtargeting
1
Online Communication
1
Online Magazines & Newspapers
1
Financing Digital / Online Media
1
Digital Media Markets
1
Online Public Relations
1
Podcasts
1
Bots
1
LinkedIn
1
Social Media Marketing in Broadcasting Enterprises
1
Telegram
1
Twitch (Video Games Live-Streaming Platform)
1
Hashtags
1
YouTube
1
VK (Russian Social Network)
1
Wikipedia
1
Websites
1
AI & Democracy / Democratization
1
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
1
Gender and ICTs / Internet
1
ICTs and Poverty Reduction
1
ICT Development Assistance
1
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
1
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
1
Foreigners: Media Representation
1
Integration of Minorities: Role of Media
1
Minorities
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Racism in Social Media & Digital Communication
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Early Warning: Disasters
1
Gendered Disinformation
1
Government-Sponsored Disinformation
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Health Disinformation & Misinformation
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Digital Economies & Markets
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Media Clusters
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Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
1
Local Media Economics & Markets, Local Media Financing
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Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
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Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
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Financing Radio
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Economy
1
Consumption, Consumer Behaviour, Consumerism
1
Living Conditions
1
Economic Indicators
1
Economic Policies
1
Industrialized Countries
1
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
1
National Economies
1
Public Goods, Commons
1
Social Capital
1
Taxes
1
Traffic & Transport Infrastructure
1
Audiobooks & Audio Cassettes
1
Educational Radios
1
Educational Television
1
Educational Games, Serious Games
1
Educational Issues: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Higher Education
1
Literacy, Literacy Campaigns, Postliteracy, Alphabetisation Policies
1
Mobile Learning
1
Students
1
Academic Training
1
Vocational Training
1
University of Buenos Aires (UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
1
Television Fiction
1
Environmental Communication
1
Environmental Activism
1
Environmental Issues (General)
1
Environmental Journalism
1
Sustainable Development
1
Defamation: Effects on Victims
1
Ethics & Data Protection in Research
1
Ethics in Nonprofit & Community Journalism
1
Morals
1
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
1
Evaluation
1
Development Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Evaluation Approaches, Purposes & Frameworks
1
Gender & Television
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender Relations
1
Media Assistance: Gender Focus
1
Men, Male Identity, Masculinity
1
Legitimation
1
Health Communication
1
Health Journalism
1
Vaccination Campaigns & Vaccine Hesitancy
1
Colonial Legacies
1
First World War (1914-1918)
1
History of Media: 19th Century
1
Second World War (1939-1945)
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Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
1
Cross-Cultural Analysis
1
China: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
International News Flow
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Foreign Television Programmes
1
Globalisation, Globalisation Criticism
1
Glocalization of Media
1
Communication Rights in the Information Society (CRIS)
1
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Transnational Communication
1
Transnational / International Civil Society Communication Networks & Strategies
1
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
1
Dependence
1
UNESCO
1
United Nations (UN)
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
Forum for African Investigative Reporters (FAIR)
1
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
1
Information Sources of Journalists
1
Media Assistance: Investigative Journalism
1
Journalism Studies & Research
1
Reportage
1
Journalistic Style & Language
1
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
1
News Values, News Selection Criteria
1
Journalistic Radio Programmes
1
Reporting & Media Representation: Specific Issues
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Foreign Policy Reporting
1
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
1
Judaism: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Risk Communication
1
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
1
Science Journalism
1
Television Journalism
1
Kiswahili
1
Bilingualism, Multilingualism
1
Linguistics & Sociolinguistics
1
Local Television
1
China: Media Assistance
1
Media Assistance: Business & Economics Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Citizen Participation & Civil Society
1
Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
1
Media Assistance: Effects
1
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1
Media Assistance: Interaction with Foreign Policies
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
1
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
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Media Assistance Research
1
Media Assistance: Television
1
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
1
Media & Communication General
1
Communication Networks
1
Communication Processes
1
Crowdsourcing
1
Presentation of Information
1
Personal Influence
1
Oral Communication
1
Social Communication
1
Social Media Landscapes
1
Civil Rights
1
Human Rights Protection
1
Human Rights Violations
1
Licensing of Media
1
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
1
Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
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Rule of Law
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Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
1
Consulting, Consultants, Consultancies
1
Crowdfunding
1
Marketing & Branding
1
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
1
BBC
1
Emruz (Website, Iran)
1
Far Eastern Economic Review
1
Konrad Adenauer Foundation
1
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
1
Voice of America
1
Diasporas
1
Migration
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Freire, Paulo (1921-1997)
1
Gandhi, Mohandas K. (1869-1948)
1
Mujica, José (1934-)
1
Putnam, Robert
1
Recabarran, Luis Emilio (1876-1924)
1
Social Photography
1
Citizenship
1
Government Image
1
Interest Groups
1
Fascism
1
Imperialism
1
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1
Political Extremism
1
Totalitarianism
1
Political Movements
1
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1
Failed States
1
Referendum
1
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1
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1
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1
Weapons
1
Election Monitoring
1
Radicalisation: Influence of Media
1
Political Opinion-Forming
1
Editing
1
Cultural Magazines
1
Présence Africaine (Magazine)
1
Clarín (Newspaper, Argentina)
1
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
1
El Espectador (Newspaper, Colombia)
1
El Tiempo (Newspaper, Colombia)
1
Nigerian Tribune (Newspaper, Nigeria)
1
Tempo Magazine (Weekly, Indonesia)
1
Weekend Nation (Weekly, Malawi)
1
Public & State Press
1
Television Production
1
Stakeholders, Stakeholder Analysis, Stakeholder Participation
1
Sustainability
1
Call-In Dedication & Greeting Programs
1
Muslim Radio Broadcasting
1
Youth Radio Programmes, Youth Radio Stations, School Radios
1
B92 (Radio Station, Belgrade)
1
Mega FM (Radio Station, Gulu, Uganda)
1
Radio Progreso (El Progreso, Honduras)
1
Urban Radios
1
Cyberpsychology
1
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1
Media Effects Research
1
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
1
Assimilation
1
Social Participation
1
Indignation, Outrage
1
Opinion Change
1
Prejudices
1
Consciousness
1
Imagination
1
Social Integration: Role of Media
1
Muslim Brotherhood (Egypt)
1
Taliban
1
Muslim Cinema & Film Representation of Islam
1
Judaism and Communication
1
Jewish Media
1
Religious Authorities, Religious Leaders
1
Network Analysis
1
Qualitative Analysis
1
Quantitative Analysis
1
Data Analysis & Interpretation
1
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
1
Indicators & Indices
1
Contextual Analysis
1
Participatory Action Research
1
Interviewing (Qualitative Research Method)
1
Randomised Control Trials & (Quasi-) Experimental Designs
1
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
1
Internet & ICTs in Rural Areas
1
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
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Social Conflicts, Social Problems
1
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1
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1
Coalition Building
1
Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Minorities
1
Social Movements
1
Population
1
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
1
Social Control
1
Social Justice
1
Social Sciences
1
Inequalities
1
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1
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1
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1
Digital Radio
1
Informatics
1
Computers
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
1
Technology Transfer
1
Mobile Phone Apps
1
Mobile Phone Use for Social Purposes, Mobiles for Development
1
State Influence on ICT & Telecommunication Markets
1
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
1
Cable Television
1
Regional Television
1
Televisa (Television Channel, Mexico)
1
Tolo TV (Television Channel, Afghanistan)
1
Television Programmes, Specific
1
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1
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1
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1
Youth & Digital Media
1
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1
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Medios privados y nuevos gobiernos en Ecuador y Argentina

Rocío Orlando
Quito: FLACSO, Sede Ecuador (2012), 224 pp.
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To be Prepared when the Time Has Come: Argentina's New Media Regulation and the Social Movement for Democratizing Broadcasting

Christof Mauersberger
Media, Culture & Society, volume 34, issue 5 (2012), pp. 588-605
"Concentrated and usually conservative media are characteristic of Latin American countries, and at the same time these structures undermine meaningful democracy. Given the political influence of large media conglomerates, even most center-left governments are reluctant to limit the power of influen ... more
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Factually True, Legally Untrue: Political Media Ownership in Kenya

Othieno Nyanjom
Internews (2012), 83 pp.
"This report finds that while media ownership is sometimes obvious, media owners often use their spouse, parents or trusted friends to register their media outlets, making it difficult to obtain clear data on media ownership. For instance, the researcher notes that the connection of presidential can ... more
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Topic Guide on Communication and Governance

Huma Haider, Claire McIoughlin, Zoë Scott
Birmingham; Washington, DC: Governance and Social Development Resource Centre (GSDRC), University of Birmingham;World Bank, Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP), 2nd ed. (2011), 67 pp.
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Popular Media, Democracy and Development in Africa
Top Insights

Herman Wasserman (ed.)
London; New York: Routledge (2011), xiii, 288 pp.
"Popular Media, Democracy and Development in Africa examines the role that popular media could play to encourage political debate, provide information for development, or critique the very definitions of 'democracy' and 'development'. Drawing on diverse case studies from various regions of the Afric ... more
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Media and Politics

Georgi Lozanov, Orlin Spassov (ed.)
Katerina Popova (transl.)
Sofia: Foundation Media Democracy;Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2011), 204 pp.
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Encyclopedia of Social Movement Media
Top Insights

John D. H. Downing (ed.)
Thousand Oaks; London; New Delhi; Singapore: Sage (2011), xxvii, 602 pp.
"This one-volume encyclopedia features around 250 essays on the varied experiences of social movement media over the planet in the 20th and 21st centuries [...] The guiding principles have been to ensure that experiences from the global South are given voice; that women are properly represented amon ... more
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Civil Movements: The Impact of Facebook and Twitter

Fadi Salem, Racha Mourtada
Arab Social Media Report (Dubai School of Government), volume 1, issue 2 (2011), 29 pp.
"The report analyzes data on Twitter and Facebook users in all 22 Arab countries, in addition to Iran, Israel and Turkey, highlighting the role they played in the civil movements that swept the region during that period. This is part of a larger research initiative focusing on social engagement thro ... more
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Media Systems and Political Systems: Dimensions of Comparison

Sven Engesser, Annika Franzetti
International Communication Gazette, volume 73, issue 4 (2011), pp. 273-301
"In social sciences, the interdependence between media systems and political systems is generally not in doubt. However, empirical knowledge about the relation between the two types of systems is rare. A deeper understanding can be gained by an international comparison of media and political systems ... more
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From Steamed Bun to Grass Mud Horse: E Gao as Alternative Political Discourse on the Chinese Internet

Bingchun Meng
Global Media and Communication, volume 7, issue 1 (2011), pp. 33-51
"This article examines e gao (online spoofs) as a popular form of political expression which has recently emerged on the Chinese internet. I first introduce a cultural approach to internet-mediated political communication that emphasizes discursive integration and the mutual constitution of communic ... more
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After Egypt: The Limits and Promise of Online Challenges to the Authoritarian Arab State

Marc Lynch
Perspectives on Politics, volume 9, issue 2 (2011), pp. 301-310
"The uprisings which swept across the Arab world beginning in December 2010 pose a serious challenge to many of the core findings of the political science literature focused on the durability of the authoritarian Middle Eastern state. The impact of social media on contentious politics represents one ... more
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Accountability Through Public Opinion: From Inertia to Public Action

Sina Odugbemi, Taeku Lee (eds.)
Washington, DC: World Bank (2011), xxv, 507 pp.
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Well-Informed Journalists Make Well-Informed Citizens: Coverage of Governance Issues in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Mary Myers
In: Accountability Through Public Opinion: From Inertia to Public Action
Sina Odugbemi; Taeku Lee (eds.)
Washington, DC: World Bank (2011), pp. 151-158
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Training Journalists for Accountability in Argentina

Laura Zommer
In: Accountability Through Public Opinion: From Inertia to Public Action
Sina Odugbemi; Taeku Lee (eds.)
Washington, DC: World Bank (2011), pp. 139-149
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The Contribution of Government Communication Capacity to Achieving Good Governance Outcomes

Antonio Lambino
Washington, DC: World Bank, Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP) (2011), 12 pp.
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Social Change and the Russian Network Society: Redefining Development Priorities in New Information Environments

Josh Machleder, Gregory Asmolov
Arcata, Calif.; Washington, DC: Internews (2011), 27 pp.
"This paper explores the use of new information technologies in Russia to examine the next generation of media development and to ask how the ability of the “network society” – and the new forms of collective action it allows to contribute to social change can be supported. Building on the ide ... more
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"Vamos a portarnos mal": Protesta social y libertad de expresión en América Latina

Eleonora Rabinovich, Ana Lucía Magrini, Omar Rincón (eds.)
Bogotá: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES), Centro de Competencia en Comunicación para América Latina (2011), 346 pp.
"¿Por qué hacer un libro sobre protesta social en América Latina? Porque los movimientos indígenas, cooperativas obreras, grupos ecologistas, movimientos feministas, agrupaciones piqueteras, movimientos estudiantiles y hasta las cacerolas de la clase media y los sectores de altos recursos, entre ... more
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Medienstrategien ägyptischer Islamisten im Kontext von Demokratisierung

Carola Richter
Berlin: Frank & Timme (2011), 349 pp.
"Die Umbrüche in Ägypten 2011 haben gezeigt, dass Medien eine wesentliche Rolle für die Mobilisierung politischer Partizipation spielen. Die Muslimbruderschaft, einer der wichtigsten gesellschaftlichen Akteure Ägyptens, hat seit 2002 gezielt auf Internetmedien gesetzt, um das Regime Mubaraks her ... more
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Iran und die neuen Medien: Herausforderungen für den Auslandsrundfunk = Iran and the New Media: Challenges for International Broadcasters

Mona-Maryam Emamzadeh et al.
Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2011), 126 pp.
"Im ersten Block analysieren Vertreter der iranischen Social-Media-Szene die Rolle des Web 2.0 in Iran von seinen Anfängen bis heute. Der iranische Blogger Mehdi Mohseni umreißt die Social-Media-Aktivitäten der Parteien rund um den Präsidentschaftswahlkampf 2009 und die Folgen für die iranische ... more
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The Use of the Internet by Islamic Social Movements in Collective Action: The Case of 'Justice and Charity'

Mohamed Ben Moussa
Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, volume 8, issue 2 (2011), pp. 63-91
"The article addresses the use of the internet by Islamic social movement organizations (SMOs), focusing on the case of Justice and Charity (JC), the biggest opposition political group in Morocco. It examines the extent to which the SMO exploits the potential of the medium in collective action, and ... more