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Transition from analogue to digital terrestrial television broadcasting

Geneva: ITU (2023), 239 pp.

"The purpose of this Report is to help the countries that are in the process of migrating from analogue to digital terrestrial broadcasting. The Report examines the reasons why this is happening and the technologies involved. It provides an overview of digital terrestrial sound and television broadc ... more

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Education Agenda: NS-Injustice

Sophie Ziegler, Katrin Kowark, Hanna Komornitzyk, Emilie Buchheister (eds.)

Berlin: Foundation Remembrance, Responsibility and Future (EVZ) (2023), 44 pp.

"The Education Agenda NS-Injustice started in autumn 2021 with two certainties: Firstly, the survivors are passing away; there are few chances today to meet eyewitnesses who can tell us first-hand about the atrocities committed by the National Socialists. Secondly, we are increasingly entering conte ... xts in which boundaries between fiction and fact are blurred. Under these conditions, we are dependent on new ways of learning and innovative forms of conveyance in our critical examination of National Socialist injustice and in historical-political educational work. But what are these innovative forms of conveyance? Certainly they are more than mere apps and VR glasses. Digitality is an important factor, but by no means the only one. That is why our projects also work in an analog and participatory way: whether through a play, a research project or the curation of an exhibition. By involving people with different biographies, we strengthen knowledge about the history of National Socialism and its continuing effects in the here and now. Victim-centered, diversity-sensitive, and interdisciplinary: these are other criteria that make the projects of the Education Agenda NS-Injustice so special. Our MEMO Youth Study, published in spring 2023, clearly shows that young people are aware of current societal challenges. They are interested in Nationalist Socialist history and see points of reference to today’s social issues and conflicts. But with the passage of time, knowledge about Nationalist Socialist history and the Holocaust is declining. At the same time, a large number of young people want to participate in educational offerings on Nationalist Socialist history — to acquire knowledge, to visit historical sites, and to understand the links between past and present. The EVZ Foundation and its funded projects are committed to this mission — also and especially with the Education Agenda NS-Injustice, which focuses on young, working people, and those interested in history. For today, educational biographies do not end with a high school or college degree. One example of ongoing education is the initiative of the EVZ Foundation “Informed, Courageous, Committed!” This three-fold objective not only describes the ingredients for effective educational work; it also stands for a project of the Education Agenda NS-Injustice that commences where thousands of people meet every day: the workplace. A multimedia blended learning format with both classroom and e-learning trains employees of German companies, whether apprentices or managers, to deal sensitively with antisemitism and imparts intervention skills. For more than two years now, the projects of this multidimensional funding program have been in full swing. In this first issue, we are pleased to present groundbreaking projects and current discourses on the culture of remembrance and education about National Socialist injustice." (Welcome, page 4) more

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Churches Online in Times of Corona. Die CONTOC-Studie: Empirische Einsichten, Interpretationen und Perspektiven

Thomas Schlag, Ilona Nord, Wolfgang Beck, Arnd Bünker, Georg Lämmlin, Sabrina Müller, Johann Pock, Martin Rothgangel (eds.)

Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2023), viii, 599 pp.

"Die CONTOC-Studie hat in ökumenischer und internationaler Ausrichtung die digitale kirchliche Praxis unter den Bedingungen der Corona-Pandemie im Frühsommer 2020 erforscht. Dieser Band dokumentiert die Rahmenbedingungen und Umfrageergebnisse in den beteiligten Ländern. Daran schließen sich Pers ... more

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Whistleblowing

Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte, volume 73, issue 33-34 (2023), 48 pp.

"Das gezielte Aufdecken geheimer Informationen durch Insider („Whistleblowing“) wird innerhalb von Unternehmen, Organisationen und Behörden oft kritisch gesehen, die Enthüllung von Staatsgeheimnissen häufig sogar strafrechtlich verfolgt. Auch demokratische Rechtsstaaten tun sich schwer mit Wh ... more

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Ecological Standards for German Cinema, TV, and Online/VoD Productions

Stuttgart: "Green Shooting" Workgroup (2023), 16 pp.

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Blurring the Truth: Disinformation in Southeast Europe
Deep Insights

Christopher Nehring, Patrick Gensing, Gordan Akrap (eds.)

Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2023), iii, 281 pp.

"This is neither the first nor the last study of disinformation. Yet it differs significantly from others in many regards. Firstly, it is the first and only study summarizing the state of disinformation in Southeast Europe. While regional studies abound, none so far has looked at all countries of th ... more

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Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2023

Nic Newman, Richard Fletcher, Kirsten Eddy, Craig T. Robertson, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen (eds.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2023), 158 pp.

"Across markets, only around a fifth of respondents (22%) now say they prefer to start their news journeys with a website or app – that’s down 10 percentage points since 2018. Publishers in a few smaller Northern European markets have managed to buck this trend, but younger groups everywhere are ... showing a weaker connection with news brands’ own websites and apps than previous cohorts – preferring to access news via side-door routes such as social media, search, or mobile aggregators. • Facebook remains one of the most-used social networks overall, but its influence on journalism is declining as it shifts its focus away from news. It also faces new challenges from established networks such as YouTube and vibrant youth-focused networks such as TikTok. The Chinese-owned social network reaches 44% of 18–24s across markets and 20% for news. It is growing fastest in parts of Asia-Pacific, Africa, and Latin America. • When it comes to news, audiences say they pay more attention to celebrities, influencers, and social media personalities than journalists in networks like TikTok, Instagram, and Snapchat. This contrasts sharply with Facebook and Twitter, where news media and journalists are still central to the conversation. • Much of the public is sceptical of the algorithms used to select what they see via search engines, social media, and other platforms. Less than a third (30%) say that having stories selected for me on the basis of previous consumption is a good way to get news, 6 percentage points lower than when we last asked the question in 2016. Despite this, on average, users still slightly prefer news selected this way to that chosen by editors or journalists (27%), suggesting that worries about algorithms are part of a wider concern about news and how it is selected. • Despite hopes that the internet could widen democratic debate, we find fewer people are now participating in online news than in the recent past. Aggregated across markets, only around a fifth (22%) are now active participators, with around half (47%) not participating in news at all. In the UK and United States, the proportion of active participators has fallen by more than 10 percentage points since 2016. Across countries we find that this group tends to be male, better educated, and more partisan in their political vie ws. • Trust in the news has fallen, across markets, by a further 2 percentage points in the last year, reversing in many countries the gains made at the height of the Coronavirus pandemic. On average, four in ten of our total sample (40%) say they trust most news most of the time. Finland remains the country with the highest levels of overall trust (69%), while Greece (19%) has the lowest after a year characterised by heated arguments about press freedom and the independence of the media." (Summary, page 10) more

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Global Issue, Global Coverage? How climate change is reported in African countries and countries in the Global North with regard to national issues and international relations

Merle Elisabeth van Berkum

London: City University of London, Doctoral Thesis (2023), 246 pp.

"This research investigates how the global challenge of climate change is portrayed in five African countries, Ghana, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, and South Africa, along with Germany, the UK, and the US. Several studies have investigated climate change reporting; this research adds to the literature by ... focusing on a comparative analysis of media coverage and including questions of historic responsibility and international relations [...] The overarching question guiding this research is: How do the different countries report climate change in comparison to each other, and with regard to international dynamics? From this, the project investigates three sets of more nuanced research questions diving deeper into the analysis of climate change reporting and the influence of structural or content-related issues on the reporting. The thesis draws on sociological approaches to journalism studies as well as postcolonial perspectives. It combines a quantitative content analysis of 1,348 news articles with 18 semi-structured interviews with environmental journalists to highlight the different viewpoints and experiences as a lens on global debates. The study finds that to a large extent climate change reporting demonstrates a strong national and sometimes even local focus, while covering an issue of global scale. Contradicting the familiar ‘Africa is a country’ trope, the research reveals the extent to which climate change reporting in Africa covers a global issue but is reported through a particular national lens of each country, led by the common news values of relevance and proximity. International (power) relations are mostly only reproduced indirectly through a conscious or unconscious focus on specific voices and regions. Additionally, the distinction between ‘active’ countries who contribute to the rising greenhouse gas emissions and ‘passive’ countries that are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change is no longer a reflection of the media coverage. Instead, the simplified classification does not do justice to the complex world that we live in today. Overall, the thesis contributes to the emerging discussion of approaching climate journalism from a critical perspective and relating it to international (power) structures. This approach is not limited to the analysis of climate change reporting but can be applied to other issues, as well." (Abstract) more

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The »Top Ten Forgotten News of 2023«: Topics That Have Been Neglected by the Media

Initiative Nachrichtenaufklärung

Journalism Research, volume 6, issue 1 (2023), pp. 111-115

"Every year, the NGO »Initiative Nachrichtenaufklärung« (INA) partners with the Deutschlandfunk editorial office to present a list of ten topics that have been neglected by the media. The objective is to make journalists aware of gaps in media coverage. For journalists, picking up such topics mig ... more

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Hate speech FORSA-Studie 2023: Zentrale Untersuchungsergebnisse

Düsseldorf: Landesanstalt für Medien NRW (2023), 14 pp.

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Distribution and Reception of Conspiracy Theories and Mobilization Calls on Telegram: Combining Evidence from a Content Analysis and Survey During the Pandemic

Leyla Dogruel, Simon Kruschinski, Pablo Jost, Pascal Jürgens

Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft, volume 71, issue 3-4 (2023), pp. 230-247

"Despite increased academic attention’s focus on conspiracy theories on Telegram, existing research has two major limitations: (1) a lack of combined examination of the distribution and reception of conspiracy theories, and (2) insufficient understanding of the relationship between the reception o ... more

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In the intersections between media and education: Teachers’ practices and factors associated with developing students’ media literacy in secondary schools

Priscila Berger

Ilmenau: Technische Universität Ilmenau, Doctoral Thesis (2023), xiv, 124 pp.

"Policies and guidelines at different levels officially involve schools in promoting media education. In this regard, the responsibility for putting media education initiatives and guidelines into practice is mainly on the teachers. However, little is known about under what circumstances young peopl ... e tend to rely on teachers to develop media competencies and how the variance in teachers’ engagement in media education can be explained. The present work seeks to verify what factors are associated with students’ learning of media-related aspects from teachers and teachers’ efforts in developing students’ media-related competencies. The framework adopted in the empirical work consists of three main aspects. First, it refers to concepts of media pedagogy and educommunication to address teachers’ practices involving media. These practices correspond to the interplay of fostering students’ media competencies with using media use for instruction and mediating students’ media use. Second, it addresses the variety of media-related competencies prescribed in media and digital literacy guidelines. Finally, based on previous research in the field, the framework includes contextual and individual characteristics as influencing factors of media education practices. The first study approaches teachers’ role as media educators. This study explores the characteristics of students, schools, and countries that are associated with the incidence of learning computer and information competencies primarily from teachers. Therefore, data from 14 participant countries in the 2013 International Computer and Information Literacy Study were analyzed with a three-level regression model. The findings show that the most significant predictors are at the individual’s level, as gender, access to ICTs at home, parental socioeconomic conditions, and self-efficacy concerning ICT yield positive associations with recognizing teachers as primary digital mentors. The schools’ characteristics do not show significant associations. At the country level, ICT Development Index associates negatively and significantly with students’ relying on teachers to develop computer and information competencies. The second study focuses on content taught in media education at school, accounting for the comprehensiveness of topics and competencies that are part of media literacy frameworks. The goal is to identify aspects that favor and disfavor teachers’ practice of media education integrated into traditional school subjects. With linear regression analysis, models including teachers’ and schools’ characteristics are tested to predict the fostering of different areas of media competence and the mediation of opportunities and risks in students’ media use. Therefore, data collected from secondary teachers in the Thuringia State, Germany, in a project in which the author was involved were analyzed. The series of analyses conducted reflect the process of model development. Considering all models tested to predict teaching of different areas of media competence, the positive and strong associations with ICT use and perceived importance of the competence area are a constant. However, how teachers evaluate the ICT available at their school does not usually play a role. Moreover, it became clear that media education has less room in Gymnasium schools than in other school types, and most competence areas tend to be fostered in non-STEM subjects. The third study addresses the use of ICTs to foster students’ media-related competencies. The associations between teaching with and teaching about media in the data collected from teachers in Thuringia are tested through exploratory structural equation modeling. Therefore, the fostering of different media competence areas and the use of various types of ICT are considered. Moreover, their associations are tested, controlling for schools’ and teachers’ traits. The results show that teachers’ use of computer laboratories and basic computer programs with their students predicts all four competence areas positively and strongly. The use of mobile devices and online applications in class yield significant associations with fostering information competence. Conversely, using presentation and visualization ICTs does not seem to be involved in activities promoting media literacy. The effects of training, collaboration, and satisfaction with the school’s ICT observed in the regression analyses of the second study are confirmed. The findings presented can contribute to refining the discussions about media education in the academic, political, and educational spheres. To consolidate media education in schools, it is pertinent to consider teachers’ different practices involving media, the several dimensions of media literacy competences, and the variety of ICTs that may be used in classes. These dimensions should be integrated into teachers’ training so that they get solid preparation to practice media education and develop an awareness of the extent of their role as media educators." (Abstract) more

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Breite×Tiefe×Nähe: Auf der Suche nach der Erfolgsformel für spendenfinanzierten digitalen Lokaljournalismus im ländlichen Raum

Dörthe Ziemer

Berlin: Netzwerk Recherche (2023), 50 pp.

"[...] in den vergangenen Jahren wurden in Deutschland zwar zahlreiche neue, meist digitale Lokalmedien gegründet, diese haben ihren Sitz und Schwerpunkt jedoch sehr häufig in Städten. Der Report analysiert daher die Situation und Einstellungen abseits der urbanen Zentren. Für welche Art von Lok ... aljournalismus sind die Menschen dort bereit zu zahlen oder zu spenden? Im Mittelpunkt der Betrachtung steht der Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald in Brandenburg. Er ist einerseits gekennzeichnet durch die Nähe zu Berlin, den Flughafen BER in Schönefeld, die benachbarte Gigafactory des Autoherstellers Tesla und zahlreiche Wissenschaftseinrichtungen. Im südlichen Teil ist der Landkreis ländlich geprägt und reicht bis in den Spreewald und die Lausitz. Der Landkreis ist die Heimat der Autorin dieses Reports; hier hat sie 2021 das lokale Online-Magazin Wokreisel gegründet. Für den Report wurden 21 Interviews mit kommunalen Multiplikatoren und Multiplikatorinnen geführt und ausgewertet. Zu Wort kamen dabei z. B. Menschen aus Vereinen, Kultureinrichtungen, Schulen, örtlichen Unternehmen und der Kommunalpolitik, darunter der Landrat des Landkreises Dahme-Spreewald, Stephan Loge (SPD). Außerdem haben 39 Personen aus der Region an einer nicht-repräsentativen Online-Umfrage zu ihrer Sicht auf den Lokaljournalismus teilgenommen. Gespräche mit Gründern digitaler Lokalmedien aus anderen Regionen Deutschlands sowie die Auswertung aktueller Studien und Literatur ergänzten die Recherche. Die Lage des Lokaljournalismus vor Ort wird insgesamt sehr kritisch bewertet. Viele Befragte im Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald bemängeln, dass die Qualität der Berichterstattung gelitten habe, und machen dafür u. a. Redaktionszusammenlegungen und Stellenstreichungen verantwortlich. Auch der Vertrauensverlust der Medien insgesamt spiegelt sich in manchen Äußerungen wider: Einige Befragte unterstellen dem Journalismus wirtschaftliche oder politische Abhängigkeiten. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden im Landkreis einige digitale, nicht-journalistische Informationsangebote entwickelt. Auf Webseiten, in Newslettern oder in Dorf-Apps wird beispielsweise über Auslegungsfristen von Bebauungsplänen oder Beratungsergebnisse aus politischen Gremien informiert, es werden Kartoffeln verkauft oder Baumaterialien getauscht. Diese Foren helfen, Informationen aus der direkten Nachbarschaft zu erhalten. Eine kritische Einordnung des Geschehens ist von ihnen jedoch nicht zu erwarten. Dieser Greenhouse Report destilliert aus den Antworten der Interview-Partner und Umfrage-Teilnehmer eine Faustformel für die Wünsche des Publikums an journalistische Angebote im Lokalen: Breite × Tiefe × Nähe. Damit sind drei Dimensionen umrissen – die Breite der Informationen aus der Nachbarschaft („Themen-Marktplatz“), die tiefgründige Analyse und Recherche (Vierte Gewalt) sowie die räumliche Nähe der Journalisten zu den Menschen vor Ort. Das ist im untersuchten Landkreis, wo zwischen den Gemeinden bis zu 100 Kilometer liegen können, deutlich schwieriger als in der Stadt. Aber können Lokal- und Regionalmedien dieser anspruchsvollen Formel (Breite × Tiefe × Nähe) überhaupt genügen? Die Interviews mit Machern neuer digitaler Lokalmedien in urbanen Räumen zeigen: Sie setzen bewusst auf tiefgründige Schwerpunkt-Themen. Medienprojekte wie RUMS aus Münster oder die Relevanzreporter in Nürnberg fokussieren sich zudem in räumlicher Hinsicht auf das Publikum in der Stadt, Leser im Umland spielen eine untergeordnete Rolle. Es ist daher eine offene Frage, wie die Informationen in ihrer Vielfalt und Breite das Publikum im ländlichen Raum erreichen können, wenn weder die Lokalzeitung noch die neuen digitalen Lokalmedien diesen Wünschen gerecht werden (können). Eine denkbare Lösung sind gemeinwohlorientierte Plattformen, die Informationen aus verschiedenen Quellen bündeln. In Deutschland wird beispielsweise derzeit die lokale Info-App molo.news weiterentwickelt, die Nachrichten von etablierten Lokalmedien ebenso abbildet wie Informationen von Vereinen und Kulturveranstaltungen. In der Schweiz entwickelt Polaris derzeit eine gemeinnützige News-Plattform, die Nachrichten von Nutzer:innen erstellen lässt und u. a. auf Open Data zurückgreifen soll." (https://netzwerkrecherche.org) more

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Families and New Media: Comparative Perspectives on Digital Transformations in Law and Society

Nina Dethloff, Katharina Kaesling, Louisa Specht-Riemenschneider (eds.)

Wiesbaden: Springer (2023), xv, 272 pp.

"The open access edited volume addresses children's rights and their ability to act in the digital world. The focus is on the position of children as subjects with their own rights and developing capacities. Their consideration by parents, courts and legislators is critically examined. Aspects of di ... more

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Die Qualität der Medienberichterstattung über den Ukraine-Krieg

Marcus Maurer, Jörg Haßler, Pablo Jost

Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz (JGU); Otto Brenner Stiftung (2023), 21 pp.

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Verschwörungsmentalität in Krisenzeiten

Georgi Dragolov, Klaus Boehnke, Kai Unzicker

Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung (2023), 15 pp.

"Die Affinität zu Verschwörungsnarrativen lässt sich nur bedingt aufgrund von sozialstrukturellen und lebensweltlichen Kontextbedingungen vorhersagen. Auch die Coronapandemie hat diese Mentalitäten nicht hervorgebracht, sie waren, wie die Untersuchungen aus den früheren Jahren zeigen – bereit ... more

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Mediensucht in Zeiten der Pandemie. DAK-Längsschnittstudie: Wie nutzen Kinder und Jugendliche Gaming, Social Media und Streaming?

Rüdiger Scharf (ed.)

Hamburg: DAK (2023), 65 pp.

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Chronologie einer Radikalisierung: Wie Telegram zur wichtigsten Plattform für Verschwörungsideologien und Rechtsextremismus wurde

Berlin: Center for Monitoring Analyse und Strategie (CeMAS) (2023), 7 pp.

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The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance

Stephen Boucher, Carina Antonia Hallin, Lex Paulson (eds.)

New York: Routledge (2023), xxx, 522 pp.

"The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance explores the concepts, methodologies, and implications of collective intelligence for democratic governance, in the first comprehensive survey of this field. Illustrated by a collection of inspiring case studies and edit ... more

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Medienvertrauen in Deutschland

Nikolaus Jackob, Tanjev Schultz, Ilka Jakobs, Oliver Quiring, Christian Schemer, Marc Ziegele, Christina Viehmann

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2023), 207 pp.

"In den vergangenen Jahren wurde vermehrt darüber diskutiert, ob und in welchem Ausmaß das Vertrauen der Bürgerinnen und Bürger in mediale Berichterstattungen abgenommen hat. Begriffe wie „Lügenpresse“, grassierende Falschinformationen und die von vielen Beobachtern festgestellte gesellscha ... more

Blurring the Truth: Disinformation in Southeast Europe Deep Insights

Blurring the Truth: Disinformation in Southeast Europe
Deep Insights