Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists. This special collection is curated by gemma.horton@sheffield.ac.uk.

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Google Scholar (17)

WorldCat (15)

Safety and Security of Journalists: Yet Awaiting Intervention from Indian Academy and Industry

C. S. H. N. Murthy

Asia Pacific Media Educator, volume 28, issue 1 (2018), pp. 131-149

"The article is an overview of the growing concerns about escalating violence against journalists in India and a matching lack of interest in Indian academy to understand the various implications of such violence both pedagogically and sociologically. The fact that about six journalists were killed ... more

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Petit manuel de sécurité pour les journalistes: Face à la montée des risques en période électorale

Tshivis Tshivuadi

Kinshasa: Journaliste en Danger (JED); Internews (2018), 16 pp.

"La publication de ce "Manuel de protection des journalistes" rentre justement dans le cadre des actions que mène JED pour la sécurisation des journalistes et autres professionnels des médias dans leur travail. Cette sécurisation, nous essayons de la promouvoir par la sensibilisation, et par des ... more

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WorldCat (15)

Uganda: Press Freedom Attacked by State Bodies

Eva Namusoke

Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs, volume 107, issue 2 (2018), pp. 221-223

"On 16 October 2017, the editors of two popular Ugandan newspapers—the Daily Monitor and Red Pepper—were summoned to the Criminal Investigations Directorate in Kampala following the publication of stories revealing the allocation of a Ugandan Shillings 715 m (almost £150,000) budget for a plann ... more

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Un protocolo modelo de seguridad para medios locales en Centroamérica y México: Una guía práctica

Christa Bollmann

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2018), 25 pp.

"Urge poner por delante el respeto a la vida, a la integridad física, mental, emocional y a la dignidad de los periodistas de medios privados y comunitarios. Pero este principio no se cumple en una región flagelada por el narcotráfico, las pandillas y la corrupción. Informar y opinar hacen parti ... more

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Changing Forms and Platforms of Misogyny: Sexual Harassment of Women Journalists on Twitter

Richard Rego

Media Watch, volume 9, issue 3 (2018), pp. 472-485

"Across time, in a variety of forms and spaces -from homes and workplaces to digital domains of social media- women have become victims of male dominance. So also are the other vulnerable sections that suffer multi-layered abuse, and endure sexual harassment in social media. Yet, this phenomenon is ... more

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Journalistic practices on the professional safety among journalists in Oyo State

E. Hajara, U Sanda, A Msughter

International Journal of Research and Scholarly Communication, volume 1, issue 4 (2018), pp. 43-59

"Journalists' safety as well as media workers has become a subject of discussion on press freedom and the working condition of reporters following dangerous development on the media scene which has become a preoccupation with journalism professional bodies. As such, in order to achieve the objective ... more

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The Future of Investigative Journalism in an Era of Surveillance and Digital Privacy Erosion

Julie Posetti

In: Digital Investigative Journalism: Data, Visual Analytics and Innovative Methodologies in International Reporting

Oliver Hahn, Florian Stalph (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2018), pp. 249-261

"While the digital era has delivered unprecedented opportunities for big-data based investigative journalism—from the Snowden Files to the Panama Papers—it has also thrown up a host of new threats to the sustainability of journalism based on confidential sources. These include: mass and targeted ... more

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How Safe Is It? Being an activist citizen journalist in Turkey

Bora Ataman, Baris Çoban

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression

Ulla Carlsson, Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)

Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 279-288

"This study discusses how and in what ways activist citizen journalists in Turkey develop safety tactics against the repressive strategies of a neoliberal authoritarian government. By drawing on the theories of alternative new media and citizen journalism, we conducted interviews with activist citiz ... more

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Assaults against Journalists: We see the tip of the iceberg

Katharine Sarikakis

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression

Ulla Carlsson, Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)

Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 119-128

"The summarised reports in this chapter show that the scope of safety and sacrifice is far greater than each actor alone or their sum can account for. Although the discussion did not offer an investigation into the USA and other mature democracies, it is clear from the survey in the European territo ... more

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Australian News Photographers, Safety and Trauma

Fay Anderson

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression

Ulla Carlsson, Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)

Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 231-234

"This chapter illuminates new understanding about the dangers experienced by Australian news photographers on international and domestic assignments. Using oral history methodology, the interviews with 60 present and former Australian newspaper photographers revealed a litany of psychologically and ... more

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Google Scholar (25)

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Global and Domestic Networks Advancing Prospects for Institutional and Social Change: The Collective Action Response to Violence Against Journalists

Jeannine E. Relly, Celeste González de Bustamante

Journalism and Communication Monographs, volume 19, issue 2 (2017), pp. 84-152

"Violence against journalists has emerged as a global human rights issue as the number of those killed in the profession has steadily risen in the new millennium. This research utilized a collective action framework, applying an adapted qualitative network model to examine organizational mobilizatio ... more

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Google Scholar (18)

WorldCat (19)

Violence against journalists: Suppressing media freedom

Mona Badran

In: Digital Transformation in Journalism and News Media

Mike Friedrichsen, Yahya Kamalipour (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2017), pp. 417-427

"Freedom of expression is a basic human right that is crucial for respectable governance, human dignity and the application of the rule of law. However, due to the circumstances we are currently facing that include the increase in the rate of violence and crimes, it is seriously essential to provide ... more

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World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2017/2018
Top Insights

Nicole Stremlau, Iginio Gagliardone, Monroe Price et al.

Paris: UNESCO (2017), 200 pp.

"We have noted profound transformations in the field of media freedom, which is making progress in certain areas, but losing ground in others. Media freedom is limited in particular by many legal restrictions on the right to impart information and ideas, although progress is being made with regard t ... more

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Prevent – Protect – Prosecute: Acting on UN Human Rights Council Resolution 33/2

London: Article 19 (2017), 38 pp.

"In September 2016, the UN Human Rights Council (HRC) broke new ground with the unanimous adoption of HRC Resolution 33/2 on the safety of journalists. The HRC is the world’s highest human rights body and its resolutions are a strong collective commitment from States to act on priority human right ... more

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Safe+Secure Handbook
Key Guidance

DOC Funders Network (2017), 59 pp.

"Getting to the heart of stories by asking the really tough questions and going places where no one wants to go. That’s documentary at its best. This Safe+Secure Handbook has been designed to help filmmakers get there—and back—and get their stories into the public domain as safely as possible. ... more

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Canaries in a coal-mine? What the killings of journalists tell us about future repression

Anita R. Gohdes, Sabine C. Carey

Journal of Peace Research, volume 54, issue 2 (2017), pp. 157-174

"[...] To test the argument whether the killing of journalists is a precursor to increasing repression, we introduce a new global dataset on killings of journalists between 2002 and 2013 that uses three different sources that track such events across the world. The new data show that mostly local jo ... more

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Model Course on Safety of Journalists: A Guide for Journalism Teachers in the Arab States

Michael Foley, Clare Arthurs, Magda Abu-Fadil

Paris: UNESCO (2017), 172 pp.

"Safety of Journalists: A Model Course for the Arab States is a significant instalment in our UNESCO Series on Journalism Education. Developed in partnership with the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ), the publication responds to the difficult situation of many journalists working in the ... more

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Murders, harassment and disappearances. The reality of Latin American journalists in the XXI century

Bernardo Díaz Nosty, Ruth A. de Frutos García

Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, issue 72 (2017), pp. 1418-1434

"Introduction: journalists in Latin America continue to face numerous threats in the exercise of their journalistic profession, which has increased the concern of the international community over its protection in recent years. Methodology: The objective of this research is to analyse nearly 500 cas ... more

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Critical Analysis of Press Freedom in Nepal after the Peace Agreement 2006

Binod Kumar Paudel

Advances in Journalism and Communication, volume 5, issue 4 (2017), pp. 218-235

"A decade long civil war ended with a Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in 2006. To address the political developments, the Interim Constitution was promulgated in 2007. Though the Interim Constitution of Nepal 2007 guarantees press freedom, every year various incidents of press freedom violation ... more

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Freedom of expression and threats to journalists’ safety: An analysis of conflict reporting in journalism education in Pakistan

Sadia Jamil

Journalism Education, volume 6, issue 2 (2017), pp. 7-16

"This article has addressed the level of journalists’ safety in Pakistan, revealing the diverse threats to journalists’ safety and their right to freedom of expression in the country. Freedom of expression is an individual right, for which no one should be attacked or killed. However, in this st ... udy, journalists’ feedback reveals that not only their lives but their right to freedom of expression is at risk because of the prevailing unsafe environment in Pakistan. The study suggests journalism is a dangerous profession in Pakistan because of physical, psychological, financial, social, emotional and topic-specific risks, which constrain journalists’ right to freedom of expression and affect them most while doing their routine jobs. Despite the unsafe environment and constant threats, this study indicates that only 18% of surveyed journalists have received safety training to protect themselves in conflict and non-conflict situations. The following questions need to be addressed when analysing issues around journalists’ safety training in Pakistan, namely: who are the trainers? Are trainers themselves trained for journalists’ safety training, bearing in mind the local safety circumstances? What is the role of local and international NGO’s in promoting journalists’ safety education either at university or media organisational level? Further research on these aspects is crucial for the better training of journalists. This study reveals that the education of conflict reporting and peace journalism is not the major part of journalism curricula in Pakistan’s public and private sector universities. The curriculum in most of the universities do not reflect distinctively the local aspects of journalism teaching and approaches, which is important for enabling journalists to understand the context within which they perform their work. As highlighted by Abit and Kenneth in their article, the case of Kosovo is quite similar to Pakistan – where journalism education lacks local teaching approches. Therefore, in this article, I emphasize certain initiatives such as: the inclusion of journalists’ safety and peace journalism modules in curriculum; collaboration with international universities for innovative pedagogical models; regular curriculum revision and local-context teaching and research within this field. Others have underlined the need for a few more significant inititatives that I think are crucial as far as journalists’ safety education is concerned, such as: enhancing journalists’ awareness of their rights and physical and psychological safety; protection of their equipment, and legal protection while covering war or conflict." (Conclusion) more

World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2017/2018 Top Insights

Safe+Secure Handbook Key Guidance

World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2017/2018
Top Insights

Safe+Secure Handbook
Key Guidance