"This chapter argues that in order to understand contemporary forms of video activism, we need to extend our analytical scope beyond the confinements of the strategic work of social movement actors. It offers a schematic map of the various fields and disciplines in which video for social change has
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been given analytical attention pointing towards three key approaches and theoretical horizons in the literature. The chapter provides a brief history of video activism by drawing parallels between the early days of analog video cassettes during the so called “Portapak revolution” to the emergence of digital video and online sharing platforms such as YouTube. It provides an introduction to the notion of “radical online video” as a label for identifying and analyzing a broad range of video for change in contemporary online environments. Finally, the chapter broaches a discussion of some of the challenges facing video activism today." (Summary)
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"How are images used in the aim of governing migration? This article probes this question through the example of the International Organization for Migration’s (IOM) information campaigns (ICs) in Cameroon, through which it seeks to ‘manage the perception’ of potential illegal(ized) migrants t
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o the European Union (EU). Taking the self-reflexive perspective of a filmmaker who has documented migrants’ rights violations in several projects and is thus struck by the use of imagery of suffering migrants as a deterrent, I first draw a comparison with the practice of colonial educational cinema, which I argue bares many similarities with the IOM’s ICs. Second, I inscribe them within broader trends in migration management, which have in common a simultaneous spatial expansion beyond the EU’s boundaries and a broadening of the domains they attempt to shape. I then attend to the particular ‘media dispositif’ the IOM constitutes in its campaign in Cameroon and question the actual effects of its campaigns." (Abstract)
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"En Manual de comunicación ambiental, el lector encontrará una guía para definir una política de comunicación ambiental. Con tal fin se aclara este término diferenciándolo de otras prácticas que se apropian del «discurso verde» sin creer en él. Además, se esbozan las estrategias, las cla
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ves de un plan de comunicación y las técnicas que se pueden utilizar. A través de una selección de casos prácticos se quiere inspirar a estudiantes y profesionales de la comunicación estratégica y del marketing, así como a directivos, a realizar una comunicación efectiva de los valores ambientales desde la empresa, la Administración y las asociaciones ciudadanas." (Cubierta del libro)
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"Technological evolution has rewritten the books on media campaigns many times. However, some things have remained the same. First, media campaigns must come from multiple sources. They must employ printed materials, radio and television public service announcements, and internet technologies, such
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as social media. Materials must communicate universally and effectively. This means strong imagery, high contrast, and powerful type without being text laden. Still, media campaigns are only one element of a movement to change behavioral norms, especially with an issue so complex as inner-city violence. They must work in conjunction with outreach programs and have community, local, state, and national support from government agencies. More importantly, the message must be consistent and persistent. Behavioral change can happen over time with repeated conditioning brought about by activism." (Conclusion, page 21)
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"Section 2 introduces some behavioral theories and models of behavior change. Section 3 describes the process of designing an intervention using behavior change communication strategies: (1) identifying the specific behavioral objectives and conducting the formative research to understand barriers a
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nd facilitators to behavior adoption, (2) designing the strategy, (3) testing the strategy, (4) implementing and monitoring and (5) evaluating the intervention." (Section 1, introduction)
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"[This book] examines the work of celebrity advocacy and lobbying in international development. Its purpose is to understand the alliances resulting, their history, consequences, wider contexts and implications. It argues that celebrity advocacy signals a new aspect of elite rule. For populist celeb
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rity advocacy can mark, ironically, a disengagement between the public and politics, and particularly the public and civil society. Recognising this poses new challenges, but also presents new opportunities, for the development movement." (Publisher description)
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"In 2006, MTV and USAID launched, "MTV EXIT (End Exploitation and Trafficking)," a multi-media, multi-platform awareness and prevention campaign against human trafficking that has reached over 20 million people in 21 countries in the Asia Pacific. This paper describes the campaign background, design
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and message strategies and the outcome evaluation of the MTV EXIT documentaries, which were developed to build knowledge and influence attitude and behavior of the target audience on human trafficking. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed for the outcome evaluation in six selected countries: China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines and Thailand. Quantitative data was collected before and after documentary exposure through surveys using online access panel while qualitative data was gathered from focus groups. The Mind-Set Barometer, an indicator in which knowledge, attitude and behavior measures were weighted and incorporated into a composite score, was used in quantitative evaluation to measure the effects of campaign exposure. While some variations could be observed, the Mind-Set Barometer scores increased across all sites during the post surveys, showing positive effects of documentary exposure among research participants. The qualitative research provided key insights that the MTV EXIT documentaries had great potential in raising awareness about the issue, but should include stronger call to action to engage audience. This paper calls for the anti-trafficking community to conduct rigorous campaign evaluation to access outcomes, impacts and values of their communication activities. It also advocates that media campaigns can be effective tools in creating awareness and increasing prevention of human trafficking." (Abstract)
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"Policy influence and advocacy are increasingly regarded as a means of creating sustainable policy change in international development. It is often also seen as a difficult area to monitor and evaluate. Yet there is an increasingly rich strand of innovation in options to monitor, evaluate and learn
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from both the successes and failures of policy influence and advocacy interventions. This paper explores current trends in monitoring and evaluating policy influence and advocacy; discusses different theories of how policy influence happens; and presents a number of options to monitor and evaluate different aspects of advocacy interventions. Case studies describe how some organisations have used these options in practice to understand their impact and improve their advocacy strategies." (Abstract)
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"Policy briefs are useful influencing tools for think tanks and research institutions. Along with other short items, such as blogs and newspaper articles, they may be the only items from your organisation that busy policymakers will read. This quick guide is aimed at researchers and communications s
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taff who are planning policy briefs for the first time, or want to review their approach. It sets out a tried and tested approach and suggested sturcture for policy briefs." (Page 1)
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"The book begins with an overview of the evaluation field and program evaluation standards, and proceeds to cover the most widely used evaluation approaches. With new evaluation designs and the inclusion of the latest literature from the field, this second edition is an essential update for professi
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onals and students who want to stay current. Understanding and choosing evaluation approaches is critical to many professions, and Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications, Second Edition is the benchmark evaluation guide. Authors Daniel L. Stufflebeam and Chris L. S. Coryn, widely considered experts in the evaluation field, introduce and describe 23 program evaluation approaches, including, new to this edition, transformative evaluation, participatory evaluation, consumer feedback, and meta-analysis. Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications, Second Edition facilitates the process of planning, conducting, and assessing program evaluations. The highlighted evaluation approaches include: Experimental and quasi-experimental design evaluations Daniel L. Stufflebeam's CIPP Model Michael Scriven's Consumer-Oriented Evaluation Michael Patton's Utilization-Focused Evaluation Robert Stake's Responsive/Stakeholder-Centered Evaluation Case Study Evaluation Key readings listed at the end of each direct readers to the most important references for each topic. Learning objectives, review questions, student exercises, and instructor support materials complete the collection of tools. Choosing from evaluation approaches can be an overwhelming process, but Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications, Second Edition updates the core evaluation concepts with the latest research, making this complex field accessible in just one book." (Publisher description)
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"Through a systematic review of the literature, this article summarizes and evaluates evidence for the effectiveness of mass media interventions for child survival. To be included, studies had to describe a mass media intervention; address a child survival health topic; present quantitative data fro
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m a low- or middle-income country; use an evaluation design that compared outcomes using pre- and postintervention data, treatment versus comparison groups, or postintervention data across levels of exposure; and report a behavioral or health outcome. The 111 campaign evaluations that met the inclusion criteria included 15 diarrheal disease, 8 immunization, 2 malaria, 14 nutrition, 1 preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, 4 respiratory disease, and 67 reproductive health interventions. These evaluations were then sorted into weak (n=33), moderate (n=32), and stronger evaluations (n=46) on the basis of the sampling method, the evaluation design, and efforts to address threats to inference of mass media effects. The moderate and stronger evaluations provide evidence that mass media-centric campaigns can positively impact a wide range of child survival health behaviors." (Abstract)
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"Este manual guarda dos características fundamentales. Por un lado, no es una simple sumatoria de capítulos aislados, sino que se trata de conceptos compartidos por un equipo que viene cooperando tanto en capacitaciones como en consultorías, de modo que es un todo integrado. Por otro lado, todos
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los conceptos volcados en este manual son fruto de la extensa trayectoria de los consultores participantes. Nada de lo que aquí figura es resultado de una simple observación de los procesos electorales, ni la importación lisa y llana de aplicaciones de herramientas que se dan en otros marcos culturales y políticos. Todo ha sido probado en la práctica, lo cual no significa que se lo pueda aplicar de manera descontextualizada." (Presentación, página 9)
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"Celebrities now regularly engage with human trafficking policy and practice. A “sexy” topic, human trafficking is not only susceptible to alluring, fetishistic, and voyeuristic narratives, but plays into the celebrity-as-rescuer-of-the-victim ideal that receives a huge amount of attention from
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media and the public. As a result, many celebrities now characterize themselves as anti-trafficking activists, with their admiring public viewing their claims as expertise. This article looks at ways in which celebrities, people “known for [their] wellknownness” (Boorstin 1992), and celebrity culture influence legal and policy responses to human trafficking, critiquing simplified, appeal-to-the-masses (and -funders) approaches to human trafficking employed by those who pander to the public’s current obsession with celebrities." (Page 2)
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"This brief lays out 10 theories grounded in diverse disciplines and worldviews that have relevance to the world of advocacy and policy change. These theories can help to untangle beliefs and assumptions about the inner workings of the policy making process and identify causal connections supported
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by research to explain how and why a change may or may not occur. This piece is not meant to be comprehensive of all possible relevant theories and approaches; rather, it introduces and illustrates a handful of theories that may be useful to advocates, funders, and evaluators. While the theories included may have broad applicability, the brief is grounded in the context of US domestic policy. Knowing about existing theories may sharpen your own thinking, provide new ways of looking at the policy world, and give you a leg up on developing your own theory of change. The final section gives concrete examples of the way in which advocates, funders, and evaluators can use this brief in their work." (Introduction, page 1-2)
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"On 1 June 2011, Oxfam launched the GROW campaign to tackle food injustice and build a better food system. The GROW campaign is broad and diverse, operating at national, regional and international levels, across 4 thematic areas – land, investment in small-scale agriculture, climate change and foo
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d price volatility. As of March 2013, teams in 34 Southern countries and 16 Northern ‘affiliate’ countries were involved in the campaign. In this first phase, a number of outcomes were achieved across 50 countries and globally. The most significant achievement was securing policy changes or commitments on food and land from governments, corporations, and global bodies in addition to involving rural women in these processes. The biggest challenge has been to “deeply engage” with a significant global audience of 50 million on one or more of the GROW themes. More success has been seen in building national networks or cross-country initiatives, that while effective, haven’t constituted a global movement on food." (Executive summary, page 3)
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"Le plaidoyer est souvent associé à une logique de confrontation, proche en cela des luttes syndicales et des mouvements sociaux. Il est vrai qu’un « plaidoyeur » – c’est ainsi que nous nommerons la personne en charge de développer un plaidoyer – se trouve souvent en position de contest
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ation, réagissant aux prises de position ou aux actions des décideurs qu’il cherche à influencer. Il tentera pour cela de discréditer le discours ou de dénoncer les agissements de ses opposants en mobilisant le public ou en diffusant ses messages à travers les médias pour mettre la pression sur les décideurs. Pourtant, ce ne sont pas les seules cordes à son arc ! Pour influencer, modifier, créer, abroger une politique ou une pratique, un plaidoyeur va également tenter de négocier avec les décideurs, de proposer des solutions alternatives, après avoir décrypté les intérêts de ses différents interlocuteurs. Il va saisir les opportunités lui permettant de prendre part au processus de décision (officiellement ou non) et va fournir des éléments d’expertise jusqu’ici inexistants, parcellaires ou méconnus permettant d’appuyer ses propositions. En fonction des acteurs et des évènements, le plaidoyeur va donc alternativement adopter une démarche de confrontation, (dénonçant par exemple des injustices vécues par un groupe d’individus) ou une position de co-construction, lorsqu’il a l’opportunité de faire progresser ses positions. Il va successivement se positionner au coeur et en dehors du processus de négociation." (Page 4)
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"This manual is for media practitioners and social activists who wish to use the power of entertainment and mass media to promote health, human rights and social justice. Drawing on successful stories and case studies from Africa and elsewhere, this manual aims to inspire, give fresh ideas and share
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experiences of interesting edutainment programmes. If you are a social activist or development worker, it will introduce you to the exciting opportunities that edutainment presents. If you are an edutainment practitioner, it invites you to think about your own practice, whether you are using multimedia, TV dramas, radio talk shows, theatre, social media or on-the-ground community dialogues and advocacy." (Page 3)
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