"This report provides a timely review of what is currently known about road safety advertising design and evaluation. Australian and international advertising literature published from 2001 to 2009 was reviewed to determine best practice for road safety mass media campaigns in South Australia. Inste
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ad of determining whether road safety advertising is effective or not, this review focused on what elements of road safety advertising are more effective and for whom. The review describes current psychological theories of behaviour change and social persuasion that are relevant to road safety advertising. In terms of mass media campaign design, factors that can improve campaign effectiveness were identified such as integrating advertising with other activities (e.g. enforcement), tailoring message content and means of communication to the characteristics of the target audience, and using new technology and multiple forms of media to reach the target audience. In addition, the effects of different levels of advertising exposure were considered and the efficacy of threat appeals and alternatives (i.e. positive emotional appeals) were discussed. The review also highlighted the difficulties in establishing the effectiveness of a mass media campaign, considered different evaluation methods and discussed the value of different campaign evaluation measures. Recent campaign evaluations were reviewed to highlight current key issues in campaign evaluation research. The report concludes with constructive recommendations for best practice for road safety mass media campaigns." (Abstract)
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"This document outlines basic steps in planning monitoring and evaluation for advocacy and covers: distinctive features of monitoring and evaluation for advocacy; five questions for planning advocacy monitoring and evaluation; special focuses on equity, humanitarian advocacy monitoring and evaluatio
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n, and knowledge management; aeventeen data collection tools for measuring advocacy outputs, outcomes and impacts; dour case studies from Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, Mexico, Tajikistan and Iceland; following up with next steps. This is the full version of Chapter 4 in UNICEF’s Advocacy Toolkit." (Page 1)
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"The purpose of this document is to highlight cases in which Advocacy, Communication and Social Mobilization (ACSM) interventions have contributed to a positive outcome of tuberculosis (TB) control activities directed to a range of audiences and settings. It is intended for on-the-ground stakeholder
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s who are interested in successfully integrating ACSM strategies and activities into TB control programming, as well as for decision-makers who can provide greater political and financial support for ACSM activities at the national, sub-national and international level. ACSM is a relatively new technical component within the Stop TB Strategy, but its application is increasing quickly. In recent years, many partners and countries have adopted ACSM models – notably including the engagement of communities and patients in TB care and prevention – with the purpose of expanding the reach of TB programmes in innovative and effective ways. A significant differentiator of ACSM strategies is their focus on patient and community empowerment. This element promotes the integration of community-based programming into the otherwise medical and vertical health service delivery model that has traditionally been employed by TB control programmes." (Introduction)
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"This report has looked at six successful intellectual property (IP) reform campaigns from around the world, and examined the strategies, messages and goals of the campaigners who fought them. Although each example has its own lessons to share, broad trends have emerged. Several of the most striking
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campaign successes employed the internet as a mobilising force. A template for such action emerges from examining these campaigns in concert. Almost without exception, campaigners worked in coalition with other stakeholders. These coalitions varied both in style and in substance, and examining those differences is instructive. The campaigns were fought on intellectual and emotional ground which was often some distance from the mechanism of intellectual property law itself. This observation should encourage campaigners to think about the merits and pitfalls of different messaging approaches. Finally, the observation that very few of the case studies emerge from countries in the developing world prompts the report to examine why this might be so, and to challenge campaigners to examine the value of a more global perspective. It’s fair to say that the issues that motivate IP reform activists go beyond the public messages their campaigns focussed upon. The upcoming campaign against the substantive issues contained in the plurilateral Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement offers campaigners an opportunity to find and voice these concerns, concerns that have motivated them thus far to undertake the significant an impressive policy interventions in the global intellectual property space that have been detailed in this report. The time has come to for a mobilising critique against the flawed orthodoxy of tough, unwieldy global intellectual property regimes." (Conclusion, page 47)
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"An analysis of the production and consumption of the communications of Make Poverty History, a high profile episode of social movement protest in the UK. The book follows the campaign throughout its lifetime and explores how attitudes towards government and political opportunities influenced the ne
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gotiation of communications." (Publisher description)
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"Although the argument for evaluating advocacy is convincing, advocacy has long been considered “too hard to measure,” and so far relatively few advocates, funders, or evaluators have taken on the challenge. But this is now changing. Interest in advocacy evaluation is surging and cutting-edge ad
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vocates are embracing evaluation as a critical part of their work. The main barrier preventing more organizations from using evaluation is a lack of familiarity with how to think about and design evaluations of advocacy efforts that are useful, manageable, and resource-efficient. Even knowing where to start can be a challenge. This tool was developed to help address that gap in knowledge. It guides users through four basic steps of advocacy evaluation planning." (Page 3)
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"[...] Fortunately, in the last decade in particular, much progress has been made on incorporating social science theory into both campaign design and evaluation, primarily in the health field. Indeed, evaluators are being encouraged to engage in theory testing and/or logic model development. Findin
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gs from recent meta-analyses suggest that newer communication campaigns are increasingly utilizing theory. In addition, there has been great diversity in the theories being applied in this area, and many of the theories being used most often, including the Theory of Reasoned Action, Social Cognitive Theory, and the transtheoretical “Stages of Change” model, also are widely studied in the health behavior change literature.
An evaluation research team typically consists of program staff in charge of program planning and a program evaluator. Often, the program evaluator is one of the few behavioral or social scientists on the project. Without a theorist on the team, the theory behind the project is likely to remain implicit from the start. The failure to acknowledge or discuss theory from the beginning risks wasting resources on message strategies that are not adequately linked to psychosocial predictors of behavior, and on performance measures that are off the mark. Thus, all program personnel should be involved in theory/logic model development so that the theoretical underpinnings of the project are grounded in more than evaluator assumptions." (Introduction)
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"This document is not intended as a blueprint for creating communications campaigns, but offers a way of thinking about campaigns from a strategic marketing and communications perspective." (Introduction)
"This paper introduces the scope of, and rational for, engaging in advocacy work as part of development interventions. It then focuses on the issue of monitoring and evaluating these efforts – offering reasons why and when these processes should be planned and implemented, what’s involved, and w
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ho should be engaged in the process. It concludes by looking at some of the particular challenges and opportunities that the monitoring and evaluation of advocacy work presents. It also offers some helpful considerations to those who are designing or implementing these processes. The paper relies heavily on previous publications produced by INTRAC, based on work in advocacy with organisations such as DFID, Plan, Transparency International, PSI and also on a Save the Children publication, Advocacy Matters." (Introduction, page 1)
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"This brief offers an overview of current practice in the new and now rapidly growing field of advocacy evaluation. It highlights the kinds of approaches being used, offers specific examples of how they are being used and who is using them, and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each app
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roach. The brief is organized around the summary matrix on page 2, which identifies four key evaluation design questions and then offers common advocacy evaluation responses to those questions.1 Questions include: 1) Who will do the evaluation? 2) What will the evaluation measure? 3) When will the evaluation take place? 4) What methodology will the evaluation use? For each question, three options or possible responses are given. Options are based on the experiences of advocates, evaluators, and funders who already have responded to these questions and are learning about the benefits and drawbacks of their choices." (Page 1)
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"Advocacy and policy change evaluations focus on policy as the unit of analysis rather than the more traditional program or project. There is growing interest in this form of evaluation as evidenced by a new American Evaluation Association Topical Interest Group with this focus. Julia Coffman (2007)
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began her important article “What’s Different About Evaluating Advocacy and Policy Change?” by noting what’s not different. I want to reaffirm her perspective. Advocacy evaluation, like all evaluation, is guided by the profession’s Principles and Standards. Advocacy evaluation can be, and I believe should be, utilization-focused. That means focusing the evaluation on intended use by intended users, and evaluating the evaluation by that standard." (Page 1)
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"This publication focuses on unique communication-centered approaches to social change and introduces basic concepts, strategies and theories supporting edutainment strategies to foster social change and social movement building. It provides examples of how the organizations have used edutainment st
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rategies, describing challenges, lessons learned and insights for the future, especially related to strategic planning and evaluation. It also provides references for where to find more information or who to seek for further advice on the design and implementation of these approaches." (Foreword)
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"[...] ¿En qué medida [los políticos] saben aprovechar de la mejor manera del ciberactivismo, sobre todo durante las campañas electorales? ¿Qué espacio queda desaprovechado y dónde se hacen usos contrarios a las exigencias democráticas? El Programa Medios de Comunicación y Democracia en Lat
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inoamérica de la Fundación Konrad Adenauer consideró importante analizar estos aspectos. Por eso se financió un primer análisis latinoamericano. El trabajo siguió la idea de la autora, Carmen Beatriz Fernández, quien es conocida dentro de la red OCPLA de consultores políticos en la subregión como experta en esta área. En esta publicación se aclaran aspectos adicionales en varios capítulos, que apuntan a hacer conocer no sólo las mejores prácticas sino también las trampas, los fundamentos básicos para la organización de la ciberpolítica y cómo resolver la paradoja de ser masivo y a la vez personal." (Presentación, página 7-8)
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"This Media Reform Action Guide is your invitation to rise up, take to the phones, the Internet and the streets to build a better media system. Each chapter in this guide will help make your voice heard on the media issues that matter to you. Whether you’re motivated to fight for a free and open I
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nternet, for diverse media ownership, or for vibrant public and independent media, this guide is for you. The Media Reform Action Guide provides valuable, step-by-step information on everything from raising awareness and monitoring your local media to advocating for national policy changes. It will help you make an impact – and connect you to other activists and to a powerful movement for better media." (Page 3)
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